Acute Pancreatitis in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit

2005 ◽  
pp. 569-581
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Chipman
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care

scholarly journals 1825. Optimizing β-lactam Therapy in Surgical Intensive Care Unit Patients Using Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S40-S41
Author(s):  
Mohammad H Al-Shaer ◽  
Eric Rubido ◽  
Daniel Lee ◽  
Kenneth Klinker ◽  
Charles Peloquin
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Clinical Cure ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care ◽  
Days Of Therapy ◽  
Unit Increase

Abstract Background Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a powerful tool to optimize antibiotic exposure. It seldom has been used for β-lactams (BLs). We present our BL data in patients admitted to the surgical intensive care unit (SICU). Methods This retrospective study included SICU patients at UF Health (2016 and 2018) who received BL therapy and had TDM. Data collected included demographics, APACHE scores, platelet count, serum creatinine (Scr), infection source, cultures/susceptibilities, BL regimens, and plasma concentrations. Clinical cure was defined as resolution of infection-related symptoms at the end of therapy. Microbiologic eradication was defined as eradication of causative organism from the primary source out to 30 days after therapy. Pharmacokinetic and statistical analyses were performed on Phoenix v8.0 and JMP Pro v14. Results A total of 127 patients were included. Table 1 shows the baseline characteristics. The median age was 55 years, and weight was 83 kg. Eighty-three (65%) were male. P. aeruginosa was the most common isolated bacteria (n = 38). Lung was the most common source of infection (n = 50). Table 2 summarizes the median (IQR) doses, infusion times, calculated free trough concentrations (fCmin) of common BLs, and the reported minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Calculated median time above the MIC (fT > MIC) for 66 (52%) patients was 100%. A total of 99 (79%) patients had clinical cure and 67 (61%) patients had microbiologic eradication. For efficacy, the Cmin/MIC ratio predicted the microbiologic eradication in wound infections only (n = 15, OR 1.09 [95% CI 1.01–1.24]). Using stepwise regression, 1-unit increase fT > MIC and APACHE score was associated with 0.84 decrease (P = 0.03) and 0.62 increase (P = 0.004) in days of therapy, respectively. For safety, Figure 2 shows the increase in Scr vs. BL free area under the concentration–time curve from time zero to end of the dosing interval (fAUC0-tau). Cefepime fAUC0-tau predicted neurotoxicity (OR per 20 unit increase 1.08 [95% CI: 1.01–1.18]). Conclusion In SICU patients, increase in fT > MIC was associated with shorter treatment duration, and fAUC0-tau increase was associated with an increase in Scr and incidence of neurotoxicity. TDM is warranted in this population to optimize therapy. Disclosures All Authors: No reported Disclosures.

Promoting Sleep in the Adult Surgical Intensive Care Unit Patients to Prevent Delirium

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose K.L. Hata ◽  
Lois Han ◽  
Jill Slade ◽  
Asa Miyahira ◽  
ChristyAnne Passion ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care
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