Glycerol — Just a Moisturizer? Biological and Biophysical Effects

2005 ◽  
pp. 243-260
Keyword(s):  
Biophysical Effects

scholarly journals Biophysical effects on temperature and precipitation due to land cover change

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 053002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Perugini ◽  
Luca Caporaso ◽  
Sergio Marconi ◽  
Alessandro Cescatti ◽  
Benjamin Quesada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Biophysical Effects

Understanding the biophysical effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation on brain tissue

2015 ◽  
pp. 229-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastiaan F.W. Neggers ◽  
Petar I. Petrov ◽  
Stefano Mandija ◽  
Iris E.C. Sommer ◽  
Nico A.T. van den Berg
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Biophysical Effects

Protein hyperacylation links mitochondrial dysfunction with nuclear organization

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Smestad ◽  
Micah McCauley ◽  
Matthew Amato ◽  
Yuning Xiong ◽  
Juan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromatin Structure ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Interphase Chromatin ◽  
Histone Octamer ◽  
The Tca Cycle ◽  
Transport Chain ◽  
Topologically Associated Domains ◽  
Biophysical Effects ◽  
Liquid Liquid Phase Separation

SummaryCellular metabolism is linked to epigenetics, but the biophysical effects of metabolism on chromatin structure and implications for gene regulation remain largely unknown. Here, using a broken tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and disrupted electron transport chain (ETC) exemplified by succinate dehydrogenase subunit C (SDHC) deficiency, we investigated the effects of metabolism on chromatin architecture over multiple distance scales [nucleosomes (∼102 bp), topologically-associated domains (TADs; ∼105 – 106 bp), and chromatin compartments (106 – 108 bp)]. Metabolically-driven hyperacylation of histones led to weakened nucleosome positioning in multiple types of chromatin, and we further demonstrate that lysine acylation directly destabilizes histone octamer-DNA interactions. Hyperacylation of cohesin subunits correlated with decreased mobility on interphase chromatin and increased TAD boundary strength, suggesting that cohesin is metabolically regulated. Erosion of chromatin compartment distinctions reveals metabolic regulation of chromatin liquid-liquid phase separation. The TCA cycle and ETC thus modulate chromatin structure over multiple distance scales.

scholarly journals Electromagnetic Energy Absorption in a Head Approaching a Radiofrequency Identification (RFID) Reader Operating at 13.56 MHz in Users of Hearing Implants Versus Non-Users

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. 3724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patryk Zradziński ◽  
Jolanta Karpowicz ◽  
Krzysztof Gryz
Keyword(s):  
Specific Absorption Rate ◽  
Acoustic Sensor ◽  
Bonferroni Correction ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Rfid Reader ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ellipsoidal Model ◽  
Radiofrequency Identification ◽  
Bone Anchored Hearing Aid ◽  
Biophysical Effects

The aim of this study was to model the absorption in the head of an electromagnetic field (EMF) emitted by a radiofrequency identification reader operating at a frequency of 13.56 MHz (recognized as an RFID HF reader), with respect to the direct biophysical effects evaluated by the specific absorption rate (SAR), averaged over the entire head or locally, over any 10 g of tissues. The exposure effects were compared between the head of a user of a hearing implant with an acoustic sensor and a person without such an implant, used as a referenced case. The RFID HF reader, such as is used in shops or libraries, was modeled as a loop antenna (35 × 35 cm). SAR was calculated in a multi-layer ellipsoidal model of the head—with or without models of hearing implants of two types: Bonebridge (MED-EL, Austria) or bone anchored hearing aid attract (BAHA) (Cochlear, Sweden). Relative SAR values were calculated as the ratio between the SAR in the head of the implant user and the non-user. It was found that the use of BAHA hearing implants increased the effects of 13.56 MHz EMF exposure in the head in comparison to non-user—up to 2.1 times higher localized SAR in the worst case exposure scenario, and it is statistically significant higher than when Bonebridge implants are used (Kruscal–Wallis test with Bonferroni correction, p < 0.017). The evaluation of EMF exposure from an RFID reader with respect to limits established for the implant non-user population may be insufficient to protect an implant user when exposure approaches these limits, but the significant difference between exposure effects in users of various types of implants need to be considered.

Biophysical effects of the natural product euplotin C on the Paramecium membrane

2009 ◽  
Vol 195 (11) ◽  
pp. 1061-1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Ramoino ◽  
Fernando Dini ◽  
Paolo Bianchini ◽  
Alberto Diaspro ◽  
Graziano Guella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Product ◽  
Biophysical Effects

Simulated Local and Remote Biophysical Effects of Afforestation over the Southeast United States in Boreal Summer*

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (13) ◽  
pp. 4511-4522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang-Shan Chen ◽  
Michael Notaro ◽  
Zhengyu Liu ◽  
Yongqiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Boreal Summer ◽  
Surface Cooling ◽  
Local Cooling ◽  
Southeast United States ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Biophysical Effects

Abstract Afforestation has been proposed as a climate change mitigation strategy by sequestrating atmospheric carbon dioxide. With the goal of increasing carbon sequestration, a Congressional project has been planned to afforest about 18 million acres by 2020 in the Southeast United States (SEUS), the Great Lake states, and the Corn Belt states. However, biophysical feedbacks of afforestation have the potential to counter the beneficial climatic consequences of carbon sequestration. To assess the potential biophysical effects of afforestation over the SEUS, the authors designed a set of initial value ensemble experiments and long-term quasi-equilibrium experiments in a fully coupled Community Climate System Model, version 3.5 (CCSM3.5). Model results show that afforestation over the SEUS not only has a local cooling effect in boreal summer [June–August (JJA)] at short and long time scales but also induces remote warming over adjacent regions of the SEUS at long time scales. Precipitation, in response to afforestation, increases over the SEUS (local effect) and decreases over adjacent regions (remote effect) in JJA. The local surface cooling and increase in precipitation over SEUS in JJA are hydrologically driven by the changes in evapotranspiration and latent heat flux. The remote surface warming and decrease in precipitation over adjacent regions are adiabatically induced by anomalous subsidence. Our results suggest that the planned afforestation efforts should be developed carefully by taking account of short-term (local) and long-term (remote) biophysical effects of afforestation.

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