Cellular and Molecular Aspects of Myocardial Dysfunction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cellular and Molecular Basis of Cardiac

2005 ◽  
pp. 91-130
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Molecular Aspects

scholarly journals Sperm Cryodamage in Ruminants: Understanding the Molecular Changes Induced by the Cryopreservation Process to Optimize Sperm Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Peris-Frau ◽  
Ana Josefa Soler ◽  
María Iniesta-Cuerda ◽  
Alicia Martín-Maestro ◽  
Irene Sánchez-Ajofrín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Cryopreservation ◽  
Molecular Changes ◽  
Omics Technologies ◽  
Ruminant Species ◽  
Livestock Breeding ◽  
Molecular Aspects ◽  
Sperm Freezing

Sperm cryopreservation represents a powerful tool for livestock breeding. Several efforts have been made to improve the efficiency of sperm cryopreservation in different ruminant species. However, a significant amount of sperm still suffers considerable cryodamage, which may affect sperm quality and fertility. Recently, the use of different “omics” technologies in sperm cryobiology, especially proteomics studies, has led to a better understanding of the molecular modifications induced by sperm cryopreservation, facilitating the identification of different freezability biomarkers and certain proteins that can be added before cryopreservation to enhance sperm cryosurvival. This review provides an updated overview of the molecular mechanisms involved in sperm cryodamage, which are in part responsible for the structural, functional and fertility changes observed in frozen–thawed ruminant sperm. Moreover, the molecular basis of those factors that can affect the sperm freezing resilience of different ruminant species is also discussed as well as the molecular aspects of those novel strategies that have been developed to reduce sperm cryodamage, including new cryoprotectants, antioxidants, proteins, nanoparticles and vitrification.

Cellular and molecular aspects of myocardial dysfunction

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S214-S219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Schwartz ◽  
Jodie Y. Duffy ◽  
Jeffery M. Pearl ◽  
David P. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Molecular Aspects

scholarly journals Molecular Aspects ofPlasmodium falciparumInfection during Pregnancy

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicaise Tuikue Ndam ◽  
Philippe Deloron
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Surface Antigens ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Variant Surface Antigens ◽  
Important Exception ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Molecular Aspects ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Cytoadherence ofPlasmodium-falciparum-parasitized red blood cells (PRBCs) to host receptors is the key phenomenon in the pathological process of the malaria disease. Some of these interactions can originate poor outcomes responsible for 1 to 3 million annual deaths mostly occurring among children in sub-Saharan Africa. Pregnancy-associated malaria (PAM) represents an important exception of the disease occurring at adulthood in malaria endemic settings. Consequences of this are shared between the mother (maternal anemia) and the baby (low birth weight and infant mortality). Demonstrating that parasites causing PAM express specific variant surface antigens (VSAPAM), including theP. falciparumerythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) variant VAR2CSA, that are targets for protective immunity has strengthened the possibility for the development of PAM-specific vaccine. In this paper, we review the molecular basis of malaria pathogenesis attributable to the erythrocyte stages of the parasites, and findings supporting potential anti-PAM vaccine components evidenced in PAM.

scholarly journals Stormorken Syndrome Caused by a Novel STIM1 Mutation: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Jun Jiang ◽  
Xue Zhao ◽  
Zhi-Yan Dou ◽  
Qing-Xiao Su ◽  
Zan-Hua Rong
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Phenotypic Spectrum ◽  
Novel Variant ◽  
Human Disorders ◽  
Molecular Aspects ◽  
Muscle Biopsies

Objective: To identify the gene mutation of Stormorken syndrome and review the published Stromal Interaction Molecule 1 (STIM1) mutation phenotype.Methods: We described the clinical and molecular aspects of a Chinese female with Stormorken syndrome by laboratory tests, muscle biopsies, and genetic analysis. We used this information to summarize all the mutation sites reported in the literature. We also reviewed the clinical features of published cases with a gain of function mutations of STIM1.Results: A 12-year-old Chinese female presented with skin purpura in the lower limbs and stroke-like episodes. Muscle biopsy and microscopic examination revealed atrophy in her skeletal muscle. Genetic analysis identified a novel heterozygous missense mutation, a c.1095G>C transition (NM_003156.3), which caused a p.K365N amino acid substitution in the protein and affected a STIM1-orai1-activation region (SOAR).Conclusions: The novel variant c.1095G>C transition (NM_003156.3) was located in the SOAR, which expands the phenotypic spectrum of STIM1 variants in human disorders and may define the molecular basis of Stormorken syndrome.

scholarly journals Molecular Targets Related to Inflammation and Insulin Resistance and Potential Interventions

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandro M. Hirabara ◽  
Renata Gorjão ◽  
Marco A. Vinolo ◽  
Alice C. Rodrigues ◽  
Renato T. Nachbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Molecular Aspects

Inflammation and insulin resistance are common in several chronic diseases, such as obesity, type 2diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Various studies show a relationship between these two factors, although the mechanisms involved are not completely understood yet. Here, we discuss the molecular basis of insulin resistance and inflammation and the molecular aspects on inflammatory pathways interfering in insulin action. Moreover, we explore interventions based on molecular targets for preventing or treating correlated disorders, advances for a better characterization, and understanding of the mechanisms and mediators involved in the different inflammatory and insulin resistance conditions. Finally, we address biotechnological studies for the development of new potential therapies and interventions.

Renilla Bioluminescence: A Morphologic Approach to the Location of Photocytes

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 208-209
Author(s):  
Ben O. Spurlock ◽  
Milton J. Cormier
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Chemical Basis ◽  
Electronic Excited State ◽  
Colonial Form ◽  
The Common ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries ◽  
Catalyzed Oxidation

The phenomenon of bioluminescence has fascinated layman and scientist alike for many centuries. During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries a number of observations were reported on the physiology of bioluminescence in Renilla, the common sea pansy. More recently biochemists have directed their attention to the molecular basis of luminosity in this colonial form. These studies have centered primarily on defining the chemical basis for bioluminescence and its control. It is now established that bioluminescence in Renilla arises due to the luciferase-catalyzed oxidation of luciferin. This results in the creation of a product (oxyluciferin) in an electronic excited state. The transition of oxyluciferin from its excited state to the ground state leads to light emission.

Androgen-induced plasticity at a “vocal” neuromuscular synapse

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
Darcy B. Kelley ◽  
Martha L. Tobias ◽  
Mark Ellisman
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Sexual Differentiation ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Neuromuscular Synapse ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Intracellular Protein ◽  
Developmental Program ◽  
Androgen Action ◽  
Clawed Frog

Brain and muscle are sexually differentiated tissues in which masculinization is controlled by the secretion of androgens from the testes. Sensitivity to androgen is conferred by the expression of an intracellular protein, the androgen receptor. A central problem of sexual differentiation is thus to understand the cellular and molecular basis of androgen action. We do not understand how hormone occupancy of a receptor translates into an alteration in the developmental program of the target cell. Our studies on sexual differentiation of brain and muscle in Xenopus laevis are designed to explore the molecular basis of androgen induced sexual differentiation by examining how this hormone controls the masculinization of brain and muscle targets.Our approach to this problem has focused on a highly androgen sensitive, sexually dimorphic neuromuscular system: laryngeal muscles and motor neurons of the clawed frog, Xenopus laevis. We have been studying sex differences at a synapse, the laryngeal neuromuscular junction, which mediates sexually dimorphic vocal behavior in Xenopus laevis frogs.

A molecular basis for opiate action

1998 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 65-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Massotte ◽  
Brigitte L. Kieffer
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Basis
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