- Noninvasive Brain Stimulation and Neuroimaging: Novel Ways of Assessing Causal Relationships in Brain Networks

2012 ◽  
pp. 327-352
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Causal Relationships ◽  
Noninvasive Brain Stimulation

scholarly journals Noninvasive brain stimulation combined with exercise in chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-412
Author(s):  
Alejandra Cardenas-Rojas ◽  
Kevin Pacheco-Barrios ◽  
Stefano Giannoni-Luza ◽  
Oscar Rivera-Torrejon ◽  
Felipe Fregni
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Noninvasive Brain Stimulation

Noninvasive brain stimulation for patients with a disorder of consciousness: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 905-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Feng ◽  
Jiaqi Zhang ◽  
Yi Zhou ◽  
Zhongfei Bai ◽  
Ying Yin
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Minimally Conscious State ◽  
Conscious State ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Noninvasive Brain Stimulation ◽  
Disorder Of Consciousness ◽  
Left Dlpfc ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Minimally Conscious

AbstractNoninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques have been used to facilitate the recovery from prolonged unconsciousness as a result of brain injury. The aim of this study is to systematically assess the effects of NIBS in patients with a disorder of consciousness (DOC). We searched four databases for any randomized controlled trials on the effect of NIBS in patients with a DOC, which used the JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) as the primary outcome measure. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to pool effect sizes. Fourteen studies with 273 participants were included in this review, of which 12 studies with sufficient data were included in the meta-analysis. Our meta-analysis showed a significant effect on increasing CRS-R scores in favor of real stimulation as compared to sham (Hedges’ g = 0.522; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.318–0.726; P < 0.0001, I2 = 0.00%). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that only anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) significantly enhances the CRS-R scores in patients with a DOC, as compared to sham (Hedges’ g = 0.703; 95% CI, 0.419–0.986; P < 0.001), and this effect was predominant in patients in a minimally conscious state (MCS) (Hedges’ g = 0.815; 95% CI, 0.429–1.200; P < 0.001). Anodal tDCS of the left DLPFC appears to be an effective approach for patients with MCS.

scholarly journals The effect of noninvasive brain stimulation on neural connectivity in Tinnitus: A randomized trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 1201-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren T. Roland ◽  
Jonathan E. Peelle ◽  
Dorina Kallogjeri ◽  
Joyce Nicklaus ◽  
Jay F. Piccirillo
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Neural Connectivity ◽  
Noninvasive Brain Stimulation

scholarly journals Rethinking the thinking cap: Ethics of neural enhancement using noninvasive brain stimulation

Neurology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hamilton ◽  
S. Messing ◽  
A. Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Noninvasive Brain Stimulation

scholarly journals Individualized non-invasive brain stimulation engages the subgenual anterior cingulate and amygdala

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desmond J Oathes ◽  
Jared Zimmerman ◽  
Romain Duprat ◽  
Seda Cavdaroglu ◽  
Morgan Scully ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Brain Response ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Individual Participant ◽  
Communication Flow

Brain stimulation is used clinically to treat a variety of neurological and psychiatric conditions. The mechanisms of the clinical effects of these brain-based therapies are presumably dependent on their effects on brain networks. It has been hypothesized that using individualized brain network maps is an optimal strategy for defining network boundaries and topologies. Traditional non-invasive imaging can determine correlations between structural or functional time series. However, they cannot easily establish hierarchies in communication flow as done in non-human animals using invasive methods. In the present study, we interleaved functional MRI recordings with non-invasive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the attempt to map causal communication between the prefrontal cortex and two subcortical structures thought to contribute to affective dysregulation: the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) and the amygdala. In both cases, we found evidence that these brain areas were engaged when TMS was applied to prefrontal sites determined from each participant's previous fMRI scan. Specifically, after transforming individual participant images to within-scan quantiles of evoked TMS response, we modeled the average quantile response within a given region across stimulation sites and individuals to demonstrate that the targets were differentially influenced by TMS. Furthermore, we found that the sgACC distributed brain network, estimated in a separate cohort, was engaged in response to sgACC focused TMS and was partially separable from the proximal default mode network response. The amygdala, but not its distributed network, responded to TMS. Our findings indicate that individual targeting and brain response measurements usefully capture causal circuit mapping to the sgACC and amygdala in humans, setting the stage for approaches to non-invasively modulate subcortical nodes of distributed brain networks in clinical interventions and mechanistic human neuroscience studies.

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