Role of Endotoxin in Implant Loosening

2005 ◽  
pp. 447-462
Keyword(s):  
Implant Loosening

scholarly journals The importance of curve severity, type and instrumentation strategy in the surgical correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: an in silico clinical trial on 64 cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Galbusera ◽  
Andrea Cina ◽  
Matteo Panico ◽  
Tito Bassani
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Implant Loosening ◽  
Surgical Decision ◽  
Curve Severity

AbstractAdolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a three-dimensional deformity of the spine which is frequently corrected with the implantation of instrumentation with generally good or excellent clinical results; mechanical post-operative complications such as implant loosening and breakage are however relatively frequent. The rate of complications is associated with a lack of consensus about the surgical decision-making process; choices about the instrumentation length, the anchoring implants and the degree of correction are indeed mostly based on personal views and previous experience of the surgeon. In this work, we performed an in silico clinical trial on a large number of subjects in order to clarify which factors have the highest importance in determining the risk of complications by quantitatively analysing the mechanical stresses and loads in the instrumentation after the correction maneuvers. The results of the simulations highlighted the fundamental role of the curve severity, also in its three-dimensional aspect, and of the instrumentation strategy, whereas the length of the fixation had a lower importance.

Review on the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of titanium implant: The role of niobium alloying element

2021 ◽  
Vol 112 (6) ◽  
pp. 505-513
Author(s):  
Ahmad Farrahnoor ◽  
Hussain Zuhailawati
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Elastic Moduli ◽  
Stress Shielding ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Implant Loosening ◽  
Alloying Element ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Low Modulus

Abstract Biomedical titanium alloys with elastic moduli close to that of cortical bone have gained great attention in the field of bone implantation. A low modulus is desirable in an implant to prevent stress shielding, which usually leads to critical clinical issues, such as bone resorption and implant loosening. The use of β-type titanium with nontoxic alloying elements, such as niobium, as a novel candidate of implant material for replacing failed hard tissues has shown great potential. This review describes a titanium implant application alloyed with niobium and the mechanical properties and bioactivity of various titanium alloys sintered at different temperatures.

scholarly journals Mechanical regulation of bone formation and resorption around implants in a mouse model of osteopenic bone

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (152) ◽  
pp. 20180667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zihui Li ◽  
Duncan Betts ◽  
Gisela Kuhn ◽  
Michael Schirmer ◽  
Ralph Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Mechanical Stimulation ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Implant Loosening ◽  
Bone Response ◽  
Osteopenic Bone ◽  
Mechanical Regulation

Although mechanical stimulation is considered a promising approach to accelerate implant integration, our understanding of load-driven bone formation and resorption around implants is still limited. This lack of knowledge may delay the development of effective loading protocols to prevent implant loosening, especially in osteoporosis. In healthy bone, formation and resorption are mechanoregulated processes. In the intricate context of peri-implant bone regeneration, it is not clear whether bone (re)modelling can still be load-driven. Here, we investigated the mechanical control of peri-implant bone (re)modelling with a well-controlled mechanobiological experiment. We applied cyclic mechanical loading after implant insertion in tail vertebrae of oestrogen depleted mice and we monitored peri-implant bone response by in vivo micro-CT. Experimental data were combined with micro-finite element simulations to estimate local tissue strains in (re)modelling locations. We demonstrated that a substantial increase in bone mass around the implant could be obtained by loading the entire bone. This augmentation could be attributed to a large reduction in bone resorption rather than to an increase in bone formation. We also showed that following implantation, mechanical regulation of bone (re)modelling was transiently lost. Our findings should help to clarify the role of mechanical stimulation on the maintenance of peri-implant bone mass.

scholarly journals Orthopaedic implant failure: aseptic implant loosening–the contribution and future challenges of mouse models in translational research

2014 ◽  
Vol 127 (5) ◽  
pp. 277-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Alberto Cordova ◽  
Verena Stresing ◽  
Bérengère Gobin ◽  
Philippe Rosset ◽  
Norbert Passuti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aseptic Loosening ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Implant Failure ◽  
Orthopaedic Implant ◽  
Implant Loosening ◽  
Periprosthetic Osteolysis ◽  
New Era ◽  
Future Challenges

Aseptic loosening as a result of wear debris is considered to be the main cause of long-term implant failure in orthopaedic surgery and improved biomaterials for bearing surfaces decreases significantly the release of micrometric wear particles. Increasingly, in-depth knowledge of osteoimmunology highlights the role of nanoparticles and ions released from some of these new bearing couples, opening up a new era in the comprehension of aseptic loosening. Mouse models have been essential in the progress made in the early comprehension of pathophysiology and in testing new therapeutic agents for particle-induced osteolysis. However, despite this encouraging progress, there is still no valid clinical alternative to revision surgery. The present review provides an update of the most commonly used bearing couples, the current concepts regarding particle–cell interactions and the approaches used to study the biology of periprosthetic osteolysis. It also discusses the contribution and future challenges of mouse models for successful translation of the preclinical progress into clinical applications.

Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor

Role of the allergist in diagnosis and management of patients with uveitis

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Van Metre
Keyword(s):  
Diagnosis And Management

The power of norms to sway fused group members

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnifred R. Louis ◽  
Craig McGarty ◽  
Emma F. Thomas ◽  
Catherine E. Amiot ◽  
Fathali M. Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Anthropology ◽  
Normative Systems ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Identity Fusion ◽  
Group Members

AbstractWhitehouse adapts insights from evolutionary anthropology to interpret extreme self-sacrifice through the concept of identity fusion. The model neglects the role of normative systems in shaping behaviors, especially in relation to violent extremism. In peaceful groups, increasing fusion will actually decrease extremism. Groups collectively appraise threats and opportunities, actively debate action options, and rarely choose violence toward self or others.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

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