Global Agriculture and Climate Change

Inequality of nitrogen use and loss in global croplands caused by climate change

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1066140/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chenchen Ren ◽

Xiuming Zhang ◽

Stefan Reis ◽

Jiaxin Jin ◽

Jianming Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Food Production ◽

Global Climate ◽

Farm Size ◽

Agricultural Pollution ◽

Grand Challenge ◽

Nitrogen Surplus ◽

Nitrogen Use ◽

Global Agriculture ◽

Negative Impacts

Abstract Maintaining food production while reducing agricultural pollution is a grand challenge under the threats of global climate change, which has exerted negative impacts on agricultural sustainability. How agricultural nitrogen use and loss respond to climate change is rarely understood. Here we show that climate change leads to inequality of cropland nitrogen use and loss across global regions based on historical data for the period 1961-2018 from 143 countries. Increases of yield, nitrogen surplus and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) are identified in 30% of countries, while reductions are observed for the remaining 70% of countries, as a result of climate change. Farm size changes further intensify the inequality of nitrogen use and pollution in global croplands. Yet, enlarging farm size can facilitate climate change adaptation, by which global cropland NUE could be increased by one-third in 2100 compared to 2018 under future shared socioeconomic pathways. Our results would be of great significance to sustain global agriculture as well as eliminate national inequalities on food production and agricultural pollution control.

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Impact of Carbon Dioxide, Trace Gases, and Climate Change on Global Agriculture

10.2134/asaspecpub53 ◽

1990 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Trace Gases ◽

Global Agriculture

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A horizon scan of future threats and opportunities for pollinators and pollination

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.2249 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. e2249 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Mark J.F. Brown ◽

Lynn V. Dicks ◽

Robert J. Paxton ◽

Katherine C.R. Baldock ◽

Andrew B. Barron ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Global Scale ◽

Policy And Practice ◽

Horizon Scanning ◽

Global Agriculture ◽

Management Approaches ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Essential Service ◽

Pollinator Declines

Background.Pollinators, which provide the agriculturally and ecologically essential service of pollination, are under threat at a global scale. Habitat loss and homogenisation, pesticides, parasites and pathogens, invasive species, and climate change have been identified as past and current threats to pollinators. Actions to mitigate these threats, e.g., agri-environment schemes and pesticide-use moratoriums, exist, but have largely been applied post-hoc. However, future sustainability of pollinators and the service they provide requires anticipation of potential threats and opportunities before they occur, enabling timely implementation of policy and practice to prevent, rather than mitigate, further pollinator declines.Methods.Using a horizon scanning approach we identified issues that are likely to impact pollinators, either positively or negatively, over the coming three decades.Results.Our analysis highlights six high priority, and nine secondary issues. High priorities are: (1) corporate control of global agriculture, (2) novel systemic pesticides, (3) novel RNA viruses, (4) the development of new managed pollinators, (5) more frequent heatwaves and drought under climate change, and (6) the potential positive impact of reduced chemical use on pollinators in non-agricultural settings.Discussion.While current pollinator management approaches are largely driven by mitigating past impacts, we present opportunities for pre-emptive practice, legislation, and policy to sustainably manage pollinators for future generations.

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Climate Change Concerns of Saudi Arabian Farmers: The Drivers and Their Role in Perceived Capacity Building Needs for Adaptation

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su132212677 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (22) ◽

pp. 12677

Author(s):

Bader Alhafi Alotaibi ◽

Azhar Abbas ◽

Raza Ullah ◽

Roshan K. Nayak ◽

Muhammad I. Azeem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Capacity Building ◽

Production Systems ◽

Socioeconomic Indicators ◽

Insect Infestation ◽

Credit Access ◽

Rural Economies ◽

Global Agriculture ◽

Level Of Concern ◽

Tackle Climate Change

Climate change is a serious threat to the sustainability of global agriculture and food supply that necessitates taking appropriate action for building resilient food production systems and preserving rural economies. In this regard, farmers’ beliefs and concerns about the effects of climate change on agriculture may influence their adoption of adaptation and mitigation practices to address this emerging issue. This work was undertaken to evaluate farmers’ level of concern about climate change in the Jazan province of Saudi Arabia. The study also explored the role of various socioeconomic indicators in shaping farmers’ concerns and highlights various capacity-building initiatives that can be applied at the community level for effective adaptation. Ordered logistic regression was used to study the relationship between farmers’ level of concern and their need for capacity-building initiatives to tackle climate change. Results indicated that insect infestation is the farmers’ top concern, followed by higher crop-diseases incidence and drought. Regression analysis revealed that farmers’ income is a major factor that reduces their concern for insect infestation and crop disease while increases concern for drought. Credit access and information availability have a mixed impact on the farmers’ concern level. Capacity-building initiatives deemed necessary included establishing frequent contacts with extension personnel, timely warnings on droughts and other natural hazards, the training of farmers and extension workers, easy credit facilities, improvement in rural infrastructure and creation of awareness to address specific concern stimulus.

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Addressing the threat of climate change to agriculture requires improving crop resilience to short-term abiotic stress

Outlook on Agriculture ◽

10.1177/0030727018807722 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

pp. 270-276 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Andrew M Beacham ◽

Paul Hand ◽

Guy C Barker ◽

Katherine J Denby ◽

Graham R Teakle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Abiotic Stress ◽

Leafy Vegetables ◽

Extreme Weather Events ◽

Crop Breeding ◽

Short Term ◽

Transient Stress ◽

Weather Events ◽

Breeding Programmes ◽

Global Agriculture

Climate change represents a serious threat to global agriculture, necessitating the development of more environmentally resilient crops to safeguard the future of food production. The effects of climate change are appearing to include a higher frequency of extreme weather events and increased day-to-day weather variability. As such, crops which are able to cope with short-term environmental stress, in addition to those that are tolerant to longer term stress conditions are required . It is becoming apparent that the hitherto relatively little studied process of post-stress plant recovery could be key to optimizing growth and production under fluctuating conditions with intermittent transient stress events. Developing more durable crops requires the provision of genetic resources to identify useful traits through the development of screening protocols. Such traits can then become the objective of crop breeding programmes. In this study, we discuss these issues and outline example research in leafy vegetables that is investigating resilience to short-term abiotic stress.

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