- Human T-Lymphotropic Virus

2013 ◽  
pp. 452-477
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphotropic Virus

Drug Targets in Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) Infection

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Boross ◽  
Peter Bagossi ◽  
Irene Weber ◽  
Jozsef Tozser
Keyword(s):  
Virus Type ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
T Lymphotropic Virus

Características serológicas para el Human T-lymphotropic Virus (HTLV) tipo I/II en familias de una comunidad qom-toba de la provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Weisburd Smulovitz ◽  
Marcela Agostini Zampieron ◽  
Marcela Trapé Haumüller ◽  
Graciela Spretz ◽  
Andrés De Giulio Cairnie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Santa Fe ◽  
T Lymphotropic Virus

Objetivos: identificar la incidencia de la presencia del Human T-lymphotropic Virus (htlv) tipo I/II en una comunidad aborigen cerrada al norte de la provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina. Reconocer la relación entre los retrovirus y las patologías infecciosas más frecuentes. Material y métodos: estudio descriptivo y transversal. Se trabajó con una cohorte cerrada. La selección de los pacientes se realizó a través de muestreo no probabilístico. La unidad de análisis fue el individuo. La población fue las familias de una comunidad qom-toba de la provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina, asentadas en la región norte. Todos los participantes firmaron consentimiento informado. Resultados: se obtuvieron un total de 60 muestras en mayores de 18 años, 42 mujeres y 18 varones. Rango etario de 18 a 81 años. El nivel de instrucción fue primaria incompleta. Según el genograma todos eran qom-tobas y no se encontró mestizaje en la muestra. Los pacientes con neumonía y tuberculosis recibieron el tratamiento completo, incluyendo dos internamientos hospitalarios en los casos de tuberculosis. No se registraron antecedentes de impétigo, enfermedades de transmisión sexual ni neoplasia. Contrariamente a lo esperado, no se hallaron muestras positivas para htlv I/II en ninguno de los pacientes estudiados. Conclusión: el dato primordial de este estudio lo constituye la inesperada negatividad serológica para los virus htlv I/II en la muestra, ya que según la literatura, era probable encontrar serología positiva en esta comunidad aborigen.

African Origin of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 2 (HTLV-2) Supported by a Potential New HTLV-2d Subtype in Congolese Bambuti Efe Pygmies

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 4327-4340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Mieke Vandamme ◽  
Marco Salemi ◽  
Marianne Van Brussel ◽  
Hsin-Fu Liu ◽  
Kristel Van Laethem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
African Origin ◽  
Entire Genome ◽  
T Lymphotropic Virus ◽  
Tax Protein ◽  
Human T Cell

ABSTRACT We identified a potential new subtype within human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 2 (HTLV-2), HTLV-2d, present in members of an isolated Efe Bambuti Pygmy tribe. Two of 23 Efe Pygmies were HTLV-2 seropositive, with HTLV-2 Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reactivities. From one of them the entire genome of the HTLV-2 strain Efe2 could be amplified and sequenced. In all gene regions analyzed, this strain was the most divergent HTLV-2 strain, differing by 2.4% (tax/rex) to 10.7% (long terminal repeat) from both subtypes HTLV-2a and HTLV-2b, yet major functional elements are conserved. The similarity between the HTLV-2 Efe2 Gag and Env proteins and the corresponding HTLV-2a and -2b proteins is consistent with the observed serological reactivity. In the proximal pX region, one of the two alternative splice acceptor sites is abolished in HTLV-2 Efe2. Another interesting feature of this potential new subtype is that it has a Tax protein of 344 amino acids (aa), which is intermediate in length between the HTLV-2a Tax protein (331 aa) and the HTLV-2b and -2c Tax proteins (356 aa) and similar to the simian T-cell lymphotropic virus type 2 (STLV-2) PP1664 Tax protein. Together these two findings suggest a different phenotype for the HTLV-2 Efe2 strain. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed that the Pygmy Efe2 strain potentially belonged to a new and quite divergent subtype, HTLV-2d. When the STLV-2 bonobo viruses PP1664 and PanP were used as an outgroup, it was clear that the Pygmy HTLV-2 Efe2 strain had the longest independent evolution and that HTLV-2 evolution is consistent with an African origin.

The Role of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1)-Infected Dendritic Cells in the Development of HTLV-1-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 4575-4581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiko Makino ◽  
Satoshi Shimokubo ◽  
Shin-Ichi Wakamatsu ◽  
Shuji Izumo ◽  
Masanori Baba
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Spastic Paraparesis ◽  
Tropical Spastic Paraparesis ◽  
Normal Donor ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
T Lymphotropic Virus

ABSTRACT The development of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is closely associated with the activation of T cells which are HTLV-1 specific but may cross-react with neural antigens (Ags). Immature dendritic cells (DCs), differentiated from normal donor monocytes by using recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and recombinant interleukin-4, were pulsed with HTLV-1 in vitro. The pulsed DCs contained HTLV-1 proviral DNA and expressed HTLV-1 Gag Ag on their surface 6 days after infection. The DCs matured by lipopolysaccharides stimulated autologous CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells in a viral dose-dependent manner. However, the proliferation level of CD4+ T cells was five- to sixfold higher than that of CD8+ T cells. In contrast to virus-infected DCs, DCs pulsed with heat-inactivated virions activated only CD4+ T cells. To clarify the role of DCs in HAM/TSP development, monocytes from patients were cultured for 4 days in the presence of the cytokines. The expression of CD86 Ag on DCs was higher and that of CD1a Ag was more down-regulated than in DCs generated from normal monocytes. DCs from two of five patients expressed HTLV-1 Gag Ag. Furthermore, both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from the patients were greatly stimulated by contact with autologous DCs pulsed with inactivated viral Ag as well as HTLV-1-infected DCs. These results suggest that DCs are susceptible to HTLV-1 infection and that their cognate interaction with T cells may contribute to the development of HAM/TSP.

scholarly journals Autoantibodies and Immunoglobulins in Atomic Bomb Survivors with Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type I.

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 624-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyosumi OHISHI ◽  
Yoshisada SHIBATA ◽  
Tatsufumi NAKAMURA ◽  
Mitsuhiro TSUJIHATA ◽  
Masazumi AKAHOSHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Type ◽  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Type I ◽  
T Lymphotropic Virus ◽  
Atomic Bomb Survivors

scholarly journals Natural History of Viral Markers in Children Infected with Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type I in Jamaica

2006 ◽  
Vol 194 (5) ◽  
pp. 552-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Margaret Maloney ◽  
Yoshihisa Yamano ◽  
Paul C. VanVeldhuisen ◽  
Takashi Sawada ◽  
Norma Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Type I ◽  
T Lymphotropic Virus ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals 1707. Clinical Profile of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type I Infection in Pediatric Population in a Referral Hospital in Colombia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S836-S837
Author(s):  
Juliana Mejia- Mertel ◽  
Juan P Rojas -Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Virus Type ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Type I ◽  
T Lymphotropic Virus

Abstract Background The Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), affects around ten to twenty million people worldwide, predominantly in intertropical regions (Africa, Japan, Melanesia, Australia, and South America Pacific Coast). The most common disorders associated are T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ALT) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM). Studies have reported other clinical manifestations in HTLV-1, still studies are needed in pediatric population to improve diagnosis and treatment of infected patients. Methods Descriptive, retrospective cohort study, conducted in our referral pediatric hospital in Cali, Colombia. Included pediatric patients (1 to 18 years of age) diagnosed with HTLV-1 infection, between January 2017 to March 2020. Results Twelve patients were included, seven males and five females. Eleven patients were from and resided in the Colombian Pacific coast. Ten patients showed nutritional deficiencies. None showed clinical or laboratory signs of ALT, neither neurological symptoms or physical exam suggesting HAM. In terms of associated diseases and opportunistic infections, none had a positive HIV ELISA test, and stool tests were all negative for Strongiloydes. Four presented infective dermatitis, and two showed lesions suggesting scabies. Eight patients presented respiratory symptoms with chest CT scans showing signs of chronic inflammation, bronchiectasis, and subpleural bullae as the major findings. Additional tests were carried out in bronchoalveolar fluid, four had positive galactomannan test,suggesting pulmonary aspergillosis, two exhibited positive gene PCR testing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Regarding inflammatory diseases, one patient presented with symptoms of Inflammatory Bowl Disease, with biopsy confirming Crohn’s disease. Another patient presente abrupt vision loss, diagnosed with Vogt Koyanagi Hadara Syndrome after ophthalmological evaluation. Summary features HTLV-1 patients Ground-glass opacity diffusely distributed in both lungs with multiple bronchiectasis involving predominantly lung bases. Cystic images diffusely distributed in both lungs, some subpleural and other centrilobular. Conclusion It is important to consider alternative manifestations of HTLV-1 infection in the pediatric population, including pulmonary disease, opportunistic co-infections, and inflammatory disorders. It is crucial to diagnose this disease in childhood to reach a better control of this neglected infection that affects predominantly vulnerable population in low-income countries. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Evaluation of iron, ferritin, copper, and ceruloplasmin along with proviral load in human T lymphotropic virus type 1–associated myelopathy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Boostani ◽  
Mina Khodabandeh ◽  
Seyyed Abdolrahim Rezaee ◽  
Houshang Rafatpanah ◽  
Sanaz Ahmadi Ghezeldasht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Type ◽  
Proviral Load ◽  
T Lymphotropic Virus
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