Fucoidans from Marine Brown Macroalgae: Isolation, Identification, and Potential Biological Activities � � � � � �

2013 ◽  
pp. 414-457
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Brown Macroalgae

scholarly journals Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Phlorotannin From Sargassum swartzii (Turn.) C. Ag. With Ethanol/Water

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2199618
Author(s):  
Tran Quoc Toan ◽  
Tran Duy Phong ◽  
Dam Duc Tien ◽  
Nguyen Manh Linh ◽  
Nguyen Thi Mai Anh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Brown Macroalgae ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Total Extract ◽  
Sargassum Swartzii

Sargassum is a genus of brown macroalgae in the class Phaeophyta, distributed widely in all oceans, including those of Vietnam. Species of this genus have been proven to possess diverse biological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-fungal, and anti-inflammatory, along with many benefits and applications for human health, including anti-diabetic, obesity, and thrombosis. These benefits arise from a diverse chemical composition, with compounds such as fucoidan, mannitol, and especially phlorotannin—a group of phenolic derivatives found predominantly in brown algae. In this study, we evaluated and optimized the factors that affected the extraction process of phlorotannins from Sargassum swartzii (Turn.) C. Ag., a common species of brown macroalgae in Vietnam. The process utilized ethanol and water as the solvent system, and the extraction process was assisted with the use of microwaves. To carry out optimization studies, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was adopted according to a Central Composite Desisgn (CCD), taking four processing factors into consideration, ethanol concentration (%, v/v), extraction time (minutes), solvent/material ratio (v/w), and microwave output power (W) as independent variables. Phlorotannin concentration (mgPhE/g) and extract mass (mg) were regarded as optimization outcomes. Experimental conditions that produced the highest phlorotannin yield from 10 g of S. swartzii are as follows: Extraction time of 65 minutes, ethanol concentration of 52%, microwave output power of 613 W, and solvent/material ratio of 33/1 (v/w). These conditions corresponded to a phlorotannin concentration of 5.59 ± 0.11 mg PhE/g, and a total extract content of 27.88 ± 0.13 mg/g.

scholarly journals Micro RNA Expression after Ingestion of Fucoidan; A Clinical Study

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuri Gueven ◽  
Kevin J. Spring ◽  
Sandra Holmes ◽  
Kiran Ahuja ◽  
Raj Eri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Micro Rna ◽  
Cell Surface Receptor ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Brown Macroalgae ◽  
Double Blind

Fucoidans are a class of fucose-rich sulfated polysaccharides derived from brown macroalgae that exert a range of biological activities in vitro and in vivo. To generate an unbiased assessment of pathways and processes affected by fucoidan, a placebo-controlled double-blind pilot study was performed in healthy volunteers. Blood samples were taken immediately before and 24 h after ingestion of a single dose of 1 g of Undaria pinnatifida fucoidan (UPF) or placebo. Levels of isolated miRNAs were analyzed using Taqman Open Array Human MicroRNA panels. Out of 754 miRNAs screened, UPF affected a total of 53 miRNAs. Pathway analysis using the TALOS data analysis tool predicted 29 different pathways and processes that were largely grouped into cell surface receptor signaling, cancer-related pathways, the majority of which were previously associated with fucoidans. However, this analysis also identified nine pathways and processes that have not been associated with fucoidans before. Overall, this study illustrates that even a single dose of fucoidans has the potential to affect the expression of genes related to fundamental cellular processes. Moreover, it confirms previous data that fucoidans influence immunity, cancer cells, inflammation, and neurological function.

scholarly journals The Quest for Phenolic Compounds from Macroalgae: A Review of Extraction and Identification Methodologies

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sónia A. O. Santos ◽  
Rafael Félix ◽  
Adriana C. S. Pais ◽  
Sílvia M. Rocha ◽  
Armando J. D. Silvestre
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Data ◽  
Brown Macroalgae ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Analytical Strategies ◽  
Critical Revision ◽  
Identification Techniques ◽  
First Time

The current interest of the scientific community for the exploitation of high-value compounds from macroalgae is related to the increasing knowledge of their biological activities and health benefits. Macroalgae phenolic compounds, particularly phlorotannins, have gained particular attention due to their specific bioactivities, including antioxidant, antiproliferative, or antidiabetic. Notwithstanding, the characterization of macroalgae phenolic compounds is a multi-step task, with high challenges associated with their isolation and characterization, due to the highly complex and polysaccharide-rich matrix of macroalgae. Therefore, this fraction is far from being fully explored. In fact, a critical revision of the extraction and characterization methodologies already used in the analysis of phenolic compounds from macroalgae is lacking in the literature, and it is of uttermost importance to compile validated methodologies and discourage misleading practices. The aim of this review is to discuss the state-of-the-art of phenolic compounds already identified in green, red, and brown macroalgae, reviewing their structural classification, as well as critically discussing extraction methodologies, chromatographic separation techniques, and the analytical strategies for their characterization, including information about structural identification techniques and key spectroscopic profiles. For the first time, mass spectrometry data of phlorotannins, a chemical family quite exclusive of macroalgae, is compiled and discussed.

scholarly journals Functional Characterization of a New GH107 Endo-α-(1,4)-Fucoidanase from the Marine Bacterium Formosa haliotis

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 562
Author(s):  
Marlene Vuillemin ◽  
Artem S. Silchenko ◽  
Hang Thi Thuy Cao ◽  
Maxim S. Kokoulin ◽  
Vo Thi Dieu Trang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Bacterium ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Recombinant Expression ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Maximal Activity ◽  
Brown Macroalgae ◽  
Pharmaceutical Uses ◽  
Enzymatic Depolymerization

Fucoidans from brown macroalgae are sulfated fucose-rich polysaccharides, that have several beneficial biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects. Controlled enzymatic depolymerization of the fucoidan backbone can help produce homogeneous, defined fucoidan products for structure-function research and pharmaceutical uses. However, only a few endo-fucoidanases have been described. This article reports the genome-based discovery, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli, stabilization, and functional characterization of a new bacterial endo-α-(1,4)-fucoidanase, Fhf1, from Formosa haliotis. Fhf1 catalyzes the cleavage of α-(1,4)-glycosidic linkages in fucoidans built of alternating α-(1,3)-/α-(1,4)-linked l-fucopyranosyl sulfated at C2. The native Fhf1 is 1120 amino acids long and belongs to glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 107. Deletion of the signal peptide and a 470 amino acid long C-terminal stretch led to the recombinant expression of a robust, minimized enzyme, Fhf1Δ470 (71 kDa). Fhf1Δ470 has optimal activity at pH 8, 37–40 °C, can tolerate up to 500 mM NaCl, and requires the presence of divalent cations, either Ca2+, Mn2+, Zn2+ or Ni2+, for maximal activity. This new enzyme has the potential to serve the need for controlled enzymatic fucoidan depolymerization to produce bioactive sulfated fucoidan oligomers.

scholarly journals Enhancing the Extraction of Polysaccharides and Antioxidants from Macroalgae Using Sequential Hydrothermal-Assisted Extraction Followed by Ultrasound and Thermal Technologies

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Garcia-Vaquero ◽  
John V. O’Doherty ◽  
Brijesh K. Tiwari ◽  
Torres Sweeney ◽  
Gaurav Rajauria
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Laminaria Hyperborea ◽  
Brown Macroalgae ◽  
Sulphated Polysaccharides ◽  
Residual Biomass ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
High Yields

Fucose sulphated polysaccharides (FSPs) and glucans have recently attracted the attention of the scientific community due to their wide range of biological activities. Both polysaccharides should ideally be selectively extracted using innovative technologies with high extraction efficiency. This study aims to: (1) Optimise the extraction variables used in hydrothermal-assisted extraction (HAE) to obtain high yields of FSPs, total glucans, and antioxidants from Laminaria hyperborea; (2) to apply these optimised protocols to other brown macroalgae; and (3) to explore the application of ultrasound and thermal technologies to increase the recovery of polysaccharides from the residual biomass. Box-Behnken design (three-factor, four-levels) was employed to optimise the HAE variables, and principal component analysis was used to evaluate the recovery of polysaccharides from the residual biomass. The optimal HAE conditions were 120 °C, 80.9 min, and 12.02 mL/g macroalgae from L. hyperborea. The best sequential application of ultrasound and thermal treatment achieved an additional 2971.7 ± 61.9 mg fucose/100 g dried macroalgal residue (dmr) from Ascophyllum nodosum and 908.0 ± 51.4 mg total glucans/100 g dmr from L. hyperborea macroalgal residues.

scholarly journals Kandungan Pigmen dan Potensi Antioksidan Beberapa Jenis Makroalga dari Pantai Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiwin Kusuma Perdana Sari ◽  
Suharyanto Suharyanto
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ulva Lactuca ◽  
Pigment Content ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Total Carotenoid ◽  
Brown Macroalgae ◽  
Turbinaria Ornata ◽  
Total Carotenoid Content

Makroalga merupakan biota laut yang mengandung berbagai jenis senyawa potensial, termasuk pigmen. Pigmen alami makroalga telah terbukti menunjukkan berbagai aktivitas biologis yang bermanfaat, termasuk sebagai antioksidan. Meskipun informasi mengenai kandungan pigmen maupun potensi antioksidan makroalga dari Pantai Gunungkidul telah banyak diteliti, namun penelitian yang menelaah korelasi antara kandungan pigmen dan aktivitas antioksidan makroalga dari wilayah ini masih terbatas. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji korelasi kandungan pigmen serta potensi antioksidan beberapa jenis makroalga yang berasal dari Pantai Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. Enam spesies mewakili kelompok makroalga hijau, merah, dan coklat digunakan pada penelitian ini, yaitu Codium tomentosum, Ulva lactuca, Gelidium corneum, Palisada perforata, Turbinaria ornata, dan Sargassum aquifolium. Hasil pengukuran kandungan pigmen menunjukkan bahwa klorofil a tertinggi terdapat pada jenis U. lactuca, klorofil b tertinggi pada C. tomentosum, dan total karotenoid tertinggi pada T. ornata. Dari keenam spesies yang diteliti, T. ornata menunjukkan potensi antioksidan terbaik dalam menangkap radikal bebas DPPH dengan persentase penghambatan radikal DPPH 79,11±0,41% pada konsentrasi 500 ppm. Analisis korelasi Pearson menunjukkan bahwa potensi antioksidan makroalga berkorelasi positif dengan kandungan total karotenoid (R2=0,806; p<0,05), dan tidak berkorelasi dengan kandungan klorofilnya (R2=0,044; p>0,05). Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa karotenoid dari berbagai jenis makroalga merupakan kelompok pigmen yang potensial untuk dikembangkan sebagai nutrasetikal antioksidan. ABSTRACTMacroalgae are marine biota that contains various types of potential compounds, including pigments. Natural pigments of macroalgae have shown to produce various beneficial biological activities, including antioxidant. Although information regarding the pigment content and antioxidant property of macroalgae from Gunungkidul Coast has been widely studied, research on the correlation between pigment content and its antioxidant activity of macroalgae from this region is still limited. This study aimed to examine the correlation between pigment content of several species of macroalgae from Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, and its antioxidant potential. Six species representing the green, red, and brown macroalgae were used in this study i.e. Codium tomentosum, Ulva lactuca, Gelidium corneum, Palisada perforata, Turbinaria ornata, and Sargassum aquifolium Result of pigment content concentration showed that the highest concentration of chlorophyll a was in U. lactuca, while chlorophyll b was in C. tomentosum, and the highest total carotenoid content was in T. ornata. Of the six species assessed, the brown macroalgae T. ornata showed the best antioxidant potential in DPPH radical scavenging with a percentage of DPPH inhibition 79.11±0.41% at 500 ppm. The Pearson correlation analysis showed that the antioxidant of the macroalgae is positively correlated to the total carotenoid content (R2=0.806; p<0.05), and did not correlate to its chlorophyll content (R2=0.044; p>0.05). This study showed that carotenoids from various species of macroalgae are the group of potential pigments to be developed as antioxidant nutraceuticals.

Improvement of cytoprotective and antioxidant activity of Rosa canina L. and Salix alba L. by controlled differential sieving process against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in mouse primary splenocytes

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhal Soualeh ◽  
Aliçia Stiévenard ◽  
Elie Baudelaire ◽  
Rachid Soulimani ◽  
Jaouad Bouayed
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Salix Alba ◽  
Rosa Canina ◽  
Free Process ◽  
Plant Powders ◽  
Sieving Process

Abstract. In this study, cytoprotective and antioxidant activities of Rosa canina (RC) and Salix alba (SA), medicinal plants, were studied on mouse primary splenocytes by comparing Controlled Differential Sieving process (CDSp), which is a novel green solvent-free process, versus a conventional technique, employing hydroethanolic extraction (HEE). Thus, preventive antioxidant activity of three plant powders of homogeneous particle sizes, 50–100 µm, 100–180 µm and 180–315 µm, dissolved directly in the cellular buffer, were compared to those of hydroethanolic (HE) extract, at 2 concentrations (250 and 500 µg/mL) in H2O2-treated spleen cells. Overall, compared to HE extract, the superfine powders, i. e., fractions < 180 µm, at the lowest concentration, resulted in greater reactive oxygen species (ROS) elimination, increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) production. Better antioxidant and preventive effects in pre-treated cells were found with the superfine powders for SA (i. e., 50–100 µm and 100–180 µm, both p < 0.001), and with the intermediate powder for RC (i. e., 100–180 µm, p < 0.05) versus HE extract. The activity levels of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in pretreated splenocytes exposed to H2O2, albeit reduced, were near to those in unexposed cells, suggesting that pretreatment with the fine powders has relatively restored the normal levels of antioxidant-related enzymes. These findings supported that CDSp improved the biological activities of plants, avoiding the use of organic solvents and thus it could be a good alternative to conventional extraction techniques.

Shape‐controlled silver NPs for shape‐dependent biological activities

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 647-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Sadeghi ◽  
Abolfazl Yazdanpanah ◽  
Amirbabak Abrishamkar ◽  
Fatholah Moztarzadeh ◽  
Arash Ramedani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Silver Nps ◽  
Shape Controlled

Research into chemistry and biological activities of Prangos Lindl. (Apiaceae) species of Turkey

Planta Medica ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
KHC Baser ◽  
B Demirci ◽  
G Ozek ◽  
A Duran ◽  
N Tabanca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities

Studies on the chemical constituents and their biological activities of the fruit of Garcinia multiflora

Planta Medica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
JJ Chen ◽  
CW Ting ◽  
MH Yen ◽  
TL Hwang ◽  
C Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents
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