Hydrological, Ecological and Economic Advantages of Aliquot Biochar Dosing for Soil, Climate, and Ecosystem Remediation

Geotherapy ◽  
2014 ◽  
pp. 285-298
Keyword(s):  
Soil Climate

scholarly journals Influence of trees and associated variables on soil organic carbon: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angom Sarjubala Devi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Silt Fraction ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Soil Climate ◽  
Associated Variables

AbstractThe level of soil organic carbon (SOC) fluctuates in different types of forest stands: this variation can be attributed to differences in tree species, and the variables associated with soil, climate, and topographical features. The present review evaluates the level of SOC in different types of forest stands to determine the factors responsible for the observed variation. Mixed stands have the highest amount of SOC, while coniferous (both deciduous-coniferous and evergreen-coniferous) stands have greater SOC concentrations than deciduous (broadleaved) and evergreen (broadleaved) tree stands. There was a significant negative correlation between SOC and mean annual temperature (MAT) and sand composition, in all types of forest stands. In contrast, the silt fraction has a positive correlation with SOC, in all types of tree stands. Variation in SOC under different types of forest stands in different landscapes can be due to differences in MAT, and the sand and silt fraction of soil apart from the type of forests.

SOME RESEARCH PROBLEMS

1936 ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
A.W. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Research Problems ◽  
Soil Climate

BECAUSE of a keen realization of the large number and the complexity of problems connected with grasslands, problems which vary with soil, climate, and systems of farming, it is with considerable diffidence that one venttires to discuss even a few of them. However, there are some which appear worthy of discussion and investigation and fundamental to the furtherance of research into certain other problems connected witli grasslands.

scholarly journals Environmental associations ofHesperia dacotae(Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) in southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 (5) ◽  
pp. 652-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey M. Seidle ◽  
Eric G. Lamb ◽  
Angela Bedard-Haughn ◽  
Jean-Michel DeVink
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Schizachyrium Scoparium ◽  
Plant Composition ◽  
Native Prairie ◽  
Mixed Grass Prairie ◽  
Mixed Grass ◽  
Steep Slopes ◽  
Soil Climate ◽  
Main Factor

AbstractThe Dakota skipper,Hesperia dacotae(Skinner, 1911) (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae), is an at-risk butterfly that inhabits mesic mixed-grass prairie. Loss of native prairie is the main factor driving declines in Dakota skipper abundance. Currently, there is little knowledge on the environmental and habitat requirements of Saskatchewan, Canada populations. Our objective was to determine environmental associations of Dakota skipper in Saskatchewan through landscape, vegetation, soil, climate, microclimate, and Hesperiidae butterfly occupancy. Data collection was conducted in 2015 and 2016; a total of 46 sites were surveyed; nine of these were Dakota skipper positive (i.e., present) sites and 37 were negative (i.e., non-detected) sites. Results indicate that plant composition is not a significant predictor of Dakota skipper presence, but three plant species are significantly associated with the species;Pediomelum argophyllum(Pursh) Grimes (Fabaceae),Zizia aptera(Gray) Fernald (Apiaceae), andSchizachyrium scoparium(Michaux) Nash (Poaceae). No soil or climate variables were significant predictors of Dakota skipper presence; however it is significantly associated with steep slopes. Warmer maximum and average ground-level temperatures are also associated with Dakota skipper presence. Findings indicate that additional Dakota skipper populations are likely in Saskatchewan and future targeted surveys will allow for a full evaluation of the distribution of this species and conservation status.

scholarly journals U.S. Climate Reference Network Soil Moisture and Temperature Observations

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 977-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse E. Bell ◽  
Michael A. Palecki ◽  
C. Bruce Baker ◽  
William G. Collins ◽  
Jay H. Lawrimore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Performance Studies ◽  
Climate Science ◽  
Reference Network ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Soil Sensors ◽  
National Climatic Data Center ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Soil Climate

Abstract The U.S. Climate Reference Network (USCRN) is a network of climate-monitoring stations maintained and operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to provide climate-science-quality measurements of air temperature and precipitation. The stations in the network were designed to be extensible to other missions, and the National Integrated Drought Information System program determined that the USCRN could be augmented to provide observations that are more drought relevant. To increase the network’s capability of monitoring soil processes and drought, soil observations were added to USCRN instrumentation. In 2011, the USCRN team completed at each USCRN station in the conterminous United States the installation of triplicate-configuration soil moisture and soil temperature probes at five standards depths (5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 cm) as prescribed by the World Meteorological Organization; in addition, the project included the installation of a relative humidity sensor at each of the stations. Work is also under way to eventually install soil sensors at the expanding USCRN stations in Alaska. USCRN data are stewarded by the NOAA National Climatic Data Center, and instrument engineering and performance studies, installation, and maintenance are performed by the NOAA Atmospheric Turbulence and Diffusion Division. This article provides a technical description of the USCRN soil observations in the context of U.S. soil-climate–measurement efforts and discusses the advantage of the triple-redundancy approach applied by the USCRN.

scholarly journals ”You Must Swear [...] That Care for the Well-Being and Health of Women in Labor and Their Infants Shall Be the Only Objective of Your Work.” Midwives in the Galician Autonomy — Statistical and Geographical Analysis by Counties

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-66
Author(s):  
Sabina Rejman
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Specific Measure ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Climate Type ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Soil Climate

Abstract The study analyses the number of midwives in the counties of Eastern and Western Galicia in census years 1869, 1880, 1890, 1900 and 1910, and the ratios per cadastral commune, 10,000 square kilometers, 10,000 civilians and 10,000 women in a county. The analysis was based on Austrian and Galician statistical reports. The results of the study confirmed that Eastern Galicia outnumbered Western Galicia in terms of midwives. However, it was in Western Galicia where the rate of growth was higher, and the effects of the 1910 collapse more moderate. This could have been due to an amendment to the 1897 midwifery regulations. The position of individual counties changed, depending on the year and the specific measure. In Eastern Galicia, Lisko county ranked the worst and Horodenka, Śniatyń, Tarnopol, Trembowla, and Brzozów counties ranked the best. In Western Galicia, Limanowa county ranked the worst, while Brzesko, Kraków, Łańcut, Wadowice, Przeworsk, and Podgórze counties ranked the best. There is a strong positive correlation between the rank and natural conditions (water, soil, climate), type of crops, agricultural development and processing, transport system (road and rail), population, and stimulating function of large urban centers. Favorable conditions were correlated with higher values in measures of the number of midwives.

scholarly journals Novel Approach to Study the Diversity of Soil Microbial Communities in Qatar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Oja ◽  
Sakeenah Adenan ◽  
Abdel-Fattah Talaat ◽  
Juha Alatalo
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Fungal Abundance ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Soil Climate

A broad diversity of microorganisms can be found in soil, where they are essential for nutrient cycling and energy transfer. Recent high-throughput sequencing methods have greatly advanced our knowledge about how soil, climate and vegetation variables structure the composition of microbial communities in many world regions. However, we are lacking information from several regions in the world, e.g. Middle-East. We have collected soil from 19 different habitat types for studying the diversity and composition of soil microbial communities (both fungi and bacteria) in Qatar and determining which edaphic parameters exert the strongest influences on these communities. Preliminary results indicate that in overall bacteria are more abundant in soil than fungi and few sites have notably higher abundance of these microbes. In addition, we have detected some soil patameters, which tend to have reduced the overall fungal abundance and enhanced the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and N-fixing bacteria. More detailed information on the diversity and composition of soil microbial communities is expected from the high-throughput sequenced data.

scholarly journals Regeneration of Dead Bougainvillea Tree with Organic Manure

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 594-596
Author(s):  
Dr. Ram Bajaj
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Meristematic Tissue ◽  
Organic Product ◽  
Cow Urine ◽  
Dead Plant ◽  
Lateral Branches ◽  
Soil Climate

Abstract: Bougainvillea is hard, woody climber tree, grow in high salt tolerant soil. The present study was carried out in regenerating Bougainvillea plant with organic manure. The research work was conducted at kitchen garden campus in January 2020. The collected soil samples of five trees species namely Pimple, Neem, Khejari and Rohira are mixed with 10kg fresh cow dung, 5kg cow urine, 2kg molasses & 2kg flour Kitchen wastes 10kg, Charcoal 10kg, Molasses 2kg, Rice 1kg, Humus 10kg, Wheat 10kg, Crashed sugar cane 10kg, Chicken manures 2kg, Wooden saw dust, Wooden chips & Rice lusts and mixed with water for preparing organic product. The organic product keeps for 3 days in open conditions. The prepared organic product was poured into the shoot and root. Later, the regrowth of the shoot and the root were reported in 4-5 months. The organic product enhanced the metabolism for regenerating permanent tissue and Meristematic tissue of Shoot horizon and root horizon. Later, The lateral branches and flower were emerged from the dead plant. The formulated organic product is competent to regrow dead plant. Keywords: Bougainvillea, Dead plant, organic manure, regeneration, soil, climate

scholarly journals Environmental factors affecting coffee (Coffea arabica L., Var. Castillo) quality in Colombia Southern

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Patricia Criollo-Velásquez ◽  
Johana Alixa Muñoz-Belalcazar ◽  
Tulio César Lagos-Burbano
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Thermal Amplitude ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Soil Climate ◽  
Cup Quality

The determinant factors of coffee cup quality are highly variable and depend on their interaction with coffee production and benefit. This study aimed to analyze soil and climatic factors and their association with the cup quality of Castillo coffee variety of three to five years of age from production units in ecotypes 220A and 221A of the Department of Nariño. The study farms were located in three different altitudinal ranges: ≤1500 m, between 1501 and 1700 m, and >1700 m. Soil, climate, and coffee cup quality variables were analyzed through principal component analysis and cluster analysis. A low level of association was found between climatic and soil nutritional factors and coffee cup quality. Soil Mn, Fe, and Cu contents showed the highest association levels with cup quality, indicated by an average score of 80.89. The highest values of photosynthetically active radiation -PAR- and thermal amplitude were found in La Unión - Nariño, and these variables were associated with the group that obtained the highest cup quality score (82.58). Cup quality was not associated with elevation since the highest scores (85.5 and 82.33) were obtained from production units located at ≤1500 m.a.s.l. and >1700 m.a.s.l, respectively.

scholarly journals Global soil-climate-biome diagram: linking surface soil properties to climate and biota

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Zhao ◽  
Yuanhe Yang ◽  
Haihua Shen ◽  
Xiaoqing Geng ◽  
Jingyun Fang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Global Soil ◽  
Soc Density ◽  
Surface Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Climate

Abstract. Surface soils interact strongly with both climate and biota and provide fundamental ecosystem services that maintain food, climate, and human security. However, the quantitative linkages between soil properties, climate, and biota at the global scale remain unclear. By compiling a comprehensive global soil database, we mapped eight major soil properties (bulk density; clay, silt, and sand fractions; soil pH; soil organic carbon [SOC] density; soil total nitrogen [STN] density; and soil C : N mass ratios) in the surface (0–30 cm) soil layer based on machine learning algorithms, and demonstrated the quantitative linkages between surface soil properties, climate, and biota at the global scale (i.e., global soil-climate-biome diagram). On the diagram, bulk density increased significantly with higher mean annual temperature (MAT) and lower mean annual precipitation (MAP); soil clay fraction increased significantly with higher MAT and MAP; Soil pH decreased with higher MAP and lower MAT, and the critical MAP for the transition from alkaline to acidic soil decreased with decreasing MAT; SOC density and STN density both were jointly affected by MAT and MAP, showing an increase at lower MAT and a saturation tendency towards higher MAP. Surface soil physical and chemical properties also showed remarkable variations across biomes. The soil-climate-biome diagram suggests the co-evolution of the soil, climate, and biota under global environmental change.

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