*Least square system design, Wiener filter, and the LMS filter

2018 ◽  
pp. 583-625
Author(s):  
Alexander D. Poularikas
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Wiener Filter ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Lms Filter

A Novel Channel Estimation Method Based on Power-Delay Profile

2014 ◽  
Vol 602-605 ◽  
pp. 2871-2877
Author(s):  
Ying Xin Yu ◽  
Gang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Impulse Response ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Wiener Filter ◽  
Doppler Frequency ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
Wireless Channel ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Channel Impulse Response ◽  
Power Delay Profile ◽  
Mmse Estimation

Considering the physical layer specification of the IEEE802.11 protocol as background, a novel LSE (least square estimation) algorithm based on power-delay profile of wireless channel is proposed. In multi-path time-variant channel, receiver carries out a primary MMSE estimation using training symbols and pilots of OFDM symbol firstly. Then the channel impulse response is obtained from frequency response estimated by MMSE. Finally, LSE algorithm is applied to revise the channel impulse response according to the power-delay profile. The LSE algorithm can reduce the noise level of MMSE estimation in time-domain which is equivalent to increasing the SNR to the output of 2-D wiener filter. Simulation results confirm that the proposed LSE algorithm gains a better performance in contrast to MMSE algorithm. As the Doppler frequency shift increases, LSE outperforms more significantly than MMSE algorithm.

Temperature Modeling of a Greenhouse Environment

2016 ◽  
pp. 257-278
Author(s):  
Sergio Steve Juárez-Gutiérrez ◽  
Araceli Gárate-García ◽  
Tania Aglaé Ramírez delReal ◽  
Ervin Jesús Alvarez-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
System Design ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Centralized Control ◽  
Recursive Least Square ◽  
Experimental Application ◽  
Temperature Modeling ◽  
Mathematical Techniques ◽  
Different Parts

This chapter presents the methodology to model the temperature inside a zenith greenhouse, without crop, using a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) and the Recursive Least Square (RLS) Technique to estimate the modeling parameters. The greenhouse size is 6mx18m, the actuators are the motors located at the windows. The WSN collects the measurements and communicates the centralized control and the actuators located in different parts of the greenhouse, it is implemented using National Instruments devices, the graphical interface is developed in LabVIEW system design. There exist a lot of work about greenhouses in the literature; however, most of them did not use mathematical techniques to model the temperature or other environment parameter. Surprisingly, just few works use RLS techniques to estimate the parameters. The main contribution of this project is to integrate the National Instruments technology and the RLS techniques in a real experimental application.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF THE PREDICTION DECONVOLUTION TECHNIQUE TO SIGNAL PROCESSING IN GROUND PENETRATING RADAR SYSTEMS

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Hung Van Le ◽  
Phu Huu Bui ◽  
Duy Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Nam Thanh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Wiener Filter ◽  
Pulse Response ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Radar Systems ◽  
Deconvolution Technique ◽  
Method Of Least Square ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) systems emit electromagnetic energy into ground and receive reflection signals to process and display images of objects underground. The technology can be applied to variety of fields such as military, constructions, geophysics, ... In the paper, we will propose the prediction deconvolution technique for signal processing in GPR systems. The technique is developed based on the method of Least Square filter and Wiener filter. Our processed results have shown that by applying the proposed technique, received signals will be eliminated interference and give better images with high resolution. In addition, to get good results we see that it is necessary to predict the accuracy of pulse response of environments.

Density-based discrimination of protein and RNA in the ribosome

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 464-465
Author(s):  
Joachim Frank
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Spatial Frequency ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Wiener Filter ◽  
Dark Field Image ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Contrast Transfer Function ◽  
Pass Filter

Cryo-electron microscopy combined with single-particle reconstruction techniques has allowed us to form a three-dimensional image of the Escherichia coli ribosome.In the interior, we observe strong density variations which may be attributed to the difference in scattering density between ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and protein. This identification can only be tentative, and lacks quantitation at this stage, because of the nature of image formation by bright field phase contrast. Apart from limiting the resolution, the contrast transfer function acts as a high-pass filter which produces edge enhancement effects that can explain at least part of the observed variations. As a step toward a more quantitative analysis, it is necessary to correct the transfer function in the low-spatial-frequency range. Unfortunately, it is in that range where Fourier components unrelated to elastic bright-field imaging are found, and a Wiener-filter type restoration would lead to incorrect results. Depending upon the thickness of the ice layer, a varying contribution to the Fourier components in the low-spatial-frequency range originates from an “inelastic dark field” image. The only prospect to obtain quantitatively interpretable images (i.e., which would allow discrimination between rRNA and protein by application of a density threshold set to the average RNA scattering density may therefore lie in the use of energy-filtering microscopes.

Least-square refinement of structure parameters from CBED integrated intensities: application to determination of temperature factors in Y BA2CU3O7

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1456-1457
Author(s):  
Kjersti Gjønnes ◽  
Jon Gjønnes
Keyword(s):  
Least Square ◽  
Measured Intensity ◽  
Structure Information ◽  
Accurate Temperature ◽  
Least Square Fit ◽  
Case Application ◽  
Integrated Intensities ◽  
Temperature Factors ◽  
Narrow Bands

Electron diffraction intensities can be obtained at large scattering angles (sinθ/λ ≥ 2.0), and thus structure information can be collected in regions of reciprocal space that are not accessable with other diffraction methods. LACBED intensities in this range can be utilized for determination of accurate temperature factors or for refinement of coordinates. Such high index reflections can usually be treated kinematically or as a pertubed two-beam case. Application to Y Ba2Cu3O7 shows that a least square refinememt based on integrated intensities can determine temperature factors or coordinates.LACBED patterns taken in the (00l) systematic row show an easily recognisable pattern of narrow bands from reflections in the range 15 < l < 40 (figure 1). Integrated intensities obtained from measured intensity profiles after subtraction of inelastic background (figure 2) were used in the least square fit for determination of temperature factors and refinement of z-coordinates for the Ba- and Cu-atoms.

System Design: What, Why, and How

1993 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-102
Author(s):  
Charles G. Halcomb
Keyword(s):  
System Design
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