Stakeholders' consensus on technical and non-structural flood control measures

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Kovar ◽  
D Vassova ◽  
M Hrabalikova ◽  
I Vrana
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Control Measures

scholarly journals Planning of technical flood retention measures in large river basins under consideration of imprecise probabilities of multivariate hydrological loads

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1349-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Nijssen ◽  
A. Schumann ◽  
M. Pahlow ◽  
B. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Large River ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Imprecise Probabilities ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Statistical Characterization ◽  
Design Floods ◽  
Known Unknowns ◽  
Flood Waves

Abstract. As a result of the severe floods in Europe at the turn of the millennium, the ongoing shift from safety oriented flood control towards flood risk management was accelerated. With regard to technical flood control measures it became evident that the effectiveness of flood control measures depends on many different factors, which cannot be considered with single events used as design floods for planning. The multivariate characteristics of the hydrological loads have to be considered to evaluate complex flood control measures. The effectiveness of spatially distributed flood control systems differs for varying flood events. Event-based characteristics such as the spatial distribution of precipitation, the shape and volume of the resulting flood waves or the interactions of flood waves with the technical elements, e.g. reservoirs and flood polders, result in varying efficiency of these systems. Considering these aspects a flood control system should be evaluated with a broad range of hydrological loads to get a realistic assessment of its performance under different conditions. The consideration of this variety in flood control planning design was one particular aim of this study. Hydrological loads were described by multiple criteria. A statistical characterization of these criteria is difficult, since the data base is often not sufficient to analyze the variety of possible events. Hydrological simulations were used to solve this problem. Here a deterministic-stochastic flood generator was developed and applied to produce a large quantity of flood events which can be used as scenarios of possible hydrological loads. However, these simulations imply many uncertainties. The results will be biased by the basic assumptions of the modeling tools. In flood control planning probabilities are applied to characterize uncertainties. The probabilities of the simulated flood scenarios differ from probabilities which would be derived from long time series. With regard to these known unknowns the bias of the simulations was considered by imprecise probabilities. Probabilities, derived from measured flood data were combined with probabilities which were estimated from long simulated series. To consider imprecise probabilities, fuzzy sets were used to distinguish the results between more or less possible design floods. The need for such a differentiated view on the performance of flood protection systems is demonstrated by a case study.

Comprehensive Flood Control Measures in the Tsurumi River Basin in Japan

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadahiko Nakao ◽  
Koji Tanimoto
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Control Measures

scholarly journals Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) Analysis for Bakun Dam Area

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Yiau S.S. ◽  
F.J. Putuhena
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Design Criterion ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Dam Construction ◽  
Research Publication ◽  
Probable Maximum Precipitation ◽  
Maximum Precipitation ◽  
Probable Maximum Flood ◽  
The One

Probable Maximum Precipitation is defined as the greatest depth of precipitation which is possible for a given time and duration over a given size storm area under known meteorological conditions. This concept has been used as design criterion of major flood control measures such as spillways of large dams worldwide. It is essential for the generation of Probable Maximum Flood. This paper represents the results of PMP analysis for Bakun Dam Area which has a catchment area of 14,750 km2. Three sets of results were produced, i.e. by statistical method (with frequency factors from World Meteorological Organization manual and National Hydraulic Research Institute of Malaysia in Technical Research Publication No. 1 (TRP 1)) for duration of 1 hour, 8 hours, 24 hours and daily and by experimental method for production of daily PMP. The results were compared with each other and the one made by Sarawak Electricity Supply Corporation on Bakun Dam construction. The set of PMP values results from substitution of Km developed by NAHRIM was concluded to be the most reliable results as daily PMP (276mm) was consistent with the one (280mm) produced by SESCO. However, 6 days PMP value (950mm) done by SESCO was recommended as the Bakun Dam Area cover huge catchment area which higher duration of PMP value should be applied .

scholarly journals Forestry, mountain catchments and floods in the Czech Republic

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 538-541
Author(s):  
M. Bíba ◽  
J. Jiřík ◽  
K. Vančura
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Forest Environment ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Mountain Catchment ◽  
Catchment Areas

A short introduction of historical overview and current situation refer to forestry problems of the country. Local climate is characterized and impacts of natural phenomena are described, as well as the impacts of human beings. The influence of forest management is mentioned and discussed in relation to latest catastrophic floods. The territory of the Czech Republic is damaged especially by a high intensity of atmospheric precipitation abnormal values which lead to a local or regional damage. In the catchment areas of torrents, damage leads to faster soil erosion, development of ravines, landslides, moving of soil sediments and their deposition, devastation of watercourse beds and properties, flooding while the flooding rates of flow represent a danger for the life of inhabitants. Important elements and results of respective research are described in brief. E.g. research of precipitation and its relation to the runoffs in the small mountain catchment areas with the forest stands restoration, as well as the forestry-hydrologic monitoring of forest environment, which has been taking place since 1928, and tradition of the service for torrent control. Forestry-hydrologic research gradually documents that a favorable flood-control performance of forest is limited. However, this is not a reason for not taking care of flood-control measures in the mountain afforested areas. These measures and importance of forest for the protection of land are historically verified and justified. In closing the mankind behavior to the landscape is underlined as a question mark.

scholarly journals Improving flood monitoring in rural areas using remote sensing

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-171
Author(s):  
Zahra Ghofrani ◽  
Victor Sposito ◽  
Robert Faggian
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Water Index ◽  
Flood Monitoring ◽  
Normalized Difference Water Index ◽  
Heavy Rainfall Events

Abstract Precise information on the extent of inundated land is required for flood monitoring, relief, and protective measures. In this paper, two spectral indices, Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), were used to identify inundated areas during heavy rainfall events in the Tarwin catchment, Victoria, Australia, using Landsat-8 OLI imagery. By integrating the assessed condition of levees, this research also explains the inefficiency of the flood control measures of this region of Australia. NDWI and MNDWI indices performed well, but water features were enhanced better in the NDWI-derived image, with an accuracy of 96.04% and Kappa coefficient of 0.83.

Study of Urban Flood Control Planning in Taiyuan

2013 ◽  
Vol 838-841 ◽  
pp. 1709-1714
Author(s):  
Xiu Yong Yi ◽  
Yang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
River System ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
River Channels ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Downstream Area ◽  
Soil Conservation Measures

Considering topography, climate, river system, and existing problems in Taiyuan, the urban flood control planning in Taiyuan boils down to the following points: determine the flood control standard according to the size of city; study the flood alleviating measures in the upstream area; provide adequate water and soil conservation measures in the mountainous areas reduce flash floods; divert flood from mountainous areas to the downstream area instead of to the urban; improve the river channels in the urban area; provide flood detention and retarding area in the downstream area; study non-engineering flood control measures.

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