Membrane Receptors for Vitamin D Metabolites and the Role of Reactive Oxygen Species

2012 ◽  
pp. 201-220
Author(s):  
Ramesh Khanal ◽  
Ilka Nemere
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Membrane Receptors ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolites ◽  
Oxygen Species

The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Tumor Treatment and its Impact on Bone Marrow Hematopoiesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 477-498
Author(s):  
Yongfeng Chen ◽  
Xingjing Luo ◽  
Zhenyou Zou ◽  
Yong Liang
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Tumor Treatment ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Treatment And Prevention

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), an important molecule inducing oxidative stress in organisms, play a key role in tumorigenesis, tumor progression and recurrence. Recent findings on ROS have shown that ROS can be used to treat cancer as they accelerate the death of tumor cells. At present, pro-oxidant drugs that are intended to increase ROS levels of the tumor cells have been widely used in the clinic. However, ROS are a double-edged sword in the treatment of tumors. High levels of ROS induce not only the death of tumor cells but also oxidative damage to normal cells, especially bone marrow hemopoietic cells, which leads to bone marrow suppression and (or) other side effects, weak efficacy of tumor treatment and even threatening patients’ life. How to enhance the killing effect of ROS on tumor cells while avoiding oxidative damage to the normal cells has become an urgent issue. This study is a review of the latest progress in the role of ROS-mediated programmed death in tumor treatment and prevention and treatment of oxidative damage in bone marrow induced by ROS.

The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species, Kinases, Hydrogen Sulfide, and Nitric Oxide in the Regulation of Autophagy and Their Impact on Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in the Heart

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Krylatov ◽  
Leonid Maslov ◽  
Sergey Y. Tsibulnikov ◽  
Nikita Voronkov ◽  
Alla Boshchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Ischemia And Reperfusion ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Ischemia And Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Adaptive Process

: There is considerable evidence in the heart that autophagy in cardiomyocytes is activated by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) or in hearts by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Depending upon the experimental model and duration of ischemia, increases in autophagy in this setting maybe beneficial (cardioprotective) or deleterious (exacerbate I/R injury). Aside from the conundrum as to whether or not autophagy is an adaptive process, it is clearly regulated by a number of diverse molecules including reactive oxygen species (ROS), various kinases, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO). The purpose this review is to address briefly the controversy regarding the role of autophagy in this setting and to examine a variety of disparate molecules that are involved in its regulation.

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