— State Initiatives

2012 ◽  
pp. 240-265
Keyword(s):  
State Initiatives

scholarly journals Singapore: Reflections and Implications of Another Smart State

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clive Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Michael Porter ◽  
State Initiatives ◽  
The Development Strategy

The objective of this paper is to analyse key elements of the development strategy of Singapore since the mid–1960s. The paper describes the economic challenge faced by Singapore in the mid–1960s, overviews contemporary world trends in foreign direct investment, and uses competitiveness constructs developed by Michael Porter (1985) to clarify key stages in the evolution of Singapore's development strategy. The paper argues that the strategy has been successful because of unremitting top priority given to it by Singapore's political leadership and because the political leaders charged a single organisation, the Economic Development Board (EDB), with absolute authority to develop and implement the strategy. The paper concludes with implications for Queensland's Smart State initiatives.

Standardization, Bureaucratization, and Convergence: The Transformation of Governance of Religion in Urbanizing China

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Xiaoxuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Religious Life ◽  
Urban Transformation ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Turn Of The Millennium ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Contemporary China ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
State Initiatives ◽  
Chinese State ◽  
Scholarly Attention

This article explores critical shifts in the governance of religion amid massive urbanization and technological advances in contemporary China. Since the turn of the millennium, along with rapid urban transformation, the Chinese state has greatly expanded its reach into and surveillance of religious communities. At the same time, tensions between state initiatives and religious communities have come to the forefront of public attention. So far, scholarly attention has mostly focused on the repression of religious communities, especially Christians. The goal of this article is to highlight broader transitions in the ways religion is governed in China and to reflect on how these transitions should be understood alongside the government's social and political agendas. The advancement of technologies and the extension of the bureaucratic system to maintain control of a rapidly urbanizing society, I argue, have brought about a “technological turn” of secularism in China, which will have a far-reaching impact on religious life.

scholarly journals Anomalous diffraction of matter waves with minimal quantum metasurfaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantinos Valagiannopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Research Funding ◽  
Quantum Memory ◽  
Fundamental Operation ◽  
Anomalous Diffraction ◽  
Matter Waves ◽  
Large State ◽  
Quantum Device ◽  
State Initiatives

AbstractIn the last few years, there is a huge upsurge in the number of closed deals regarding quantum technologies for materials, computing, communication and instrumentation. Such a trend has inevitably affected the research funding market; thus, large state initiatives are taken that are directly expected to drive the formulation of novel research concepts and the development of quantum device prototypes from sensors and circuitry to quantum memory and repeaters. A fundamental operation behind all these applications is the effective steering of electrons, constituting matter waves, along specific directions and with certain magnitudes, due to development of various reflective and refractive orders. The objective of this study is to optimize the simplest structure that supports such anomalous diffraction, namely a quantum metasurface comprising cylindrical rods embedded in suitable crystalline matter. Several highly-performing designs from these minimal setups are proven to work exceptionally as multiport components, employable to a variety of quantum engineering implementations.

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION MODELS IN ELECTRICAL CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE (EXAMPLE OF KEY COUNTRIES: USA AND CHINA)

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-108
Author(s):  
Леонид Вячеславович Калимуллин ◽  
Денис Константинович Левченко
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Infrastructure Management ◽  
Electric Transport ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
State Initiatives ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Russian Model

Несмотря на существующие государственные инициативы, одним из факторов, сдерживающих развитие электротранспорта в России, является низкий уровень развития электрозарядной инфраструктуры. В данном контексте актуально изучить успешный опыт построения и внедрения моделей функционирования электрозарядной инфраструктуры и управления ею на примере наиболее развитых по данному направлению стран. Целью статьи является исследование моделей функционирования инфраструктуры для электромобилей и управления ею, применяемых в США и Китае, выявление характерных особенностей, преимуществ и недостатков с целью формирования наиболее оптимальных условий для построения российской модели электрозарядной инфраструктуры. Элементы научной новизны заключаются в обобщении и систематизация практического опыта применения моделей функционирования электрозарядной инфраструктуры и управления ею. Despite existing state initiatives, one of the factors limiting the development of electric transport in Russia is the low level of development of electric charging infrastructure. In this context, it is relevant to study the successful experience of building and implementing models for the management and operation of electric charging infrastructure on the example of the most developed countries in this area. The purpose of the article is to study models of infrastructure management and functioning for electric vehicles used in the USA and China, to identify characteristic features, advantages and disadvantages in order to form the most optimal conditions for building a Russian model of electric charging infrastructure. Elements of scientific novelty are the synthesis and systematization of practical experience in the application of models of control and operation of electric charging infrastructure.

scholarly journals Change in affordability of medications in Kazan in 2011 and 2015 as a reflection of state initiatives to regulate drug prices

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 822-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch M Razzakova ◽  
L E Ziganshina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Generic Drugs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Price Ratio ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Drug Prices ◽  
State Initiatives ◽  
Health Action ◽  
Medicine Prices ◽  
Health Organization

Aim. Performing comparative analysis of drug prices in 2011 and 2015 in Kazan to assess the effectiveness of state initiatives to ensure the affordability of medicines. Methods. The collection and processing of data was performed according to methodology developed by Health Action International and World Health Organization (WHO/HAI). We studied the availability and prices of 30 medicines in public and private pharmacies in Kazan in 2011 and 2015 and analyzed the procurement prices of the same medicines in inpatient hospitals. Recording and analysis were performed using standardized MS Excel WHO/HAI Workbook. Medicine prices were compared with international reference prices and were expressed as median price ratio. Results. The analysis showed a decrease in medicine prices in 2015 compared to 2011. In public and private sectors median price ratio of the originator brands reduced by about 3 times, and of the lowest price generics reduced by 1.5 times. A decrease in procurement prices by more than 2 times for generics and more than 6 times for the original brands was also revealed in 2015 in comparison with 2011. Conclusion. State initiatives to regulate drug prices contributed to the price reduction by 1.5-3 times in 2015 compared to 2011; changes in the procedures for the medicines procurement at the legislative level resulted in reduction of procurement prices by more than 2 times for generic drugs in 2015 compared to 2011.

Institution and Governmental Support

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-58
Keyword(s):  
Community Colleges ◽  
Research Universities ◽  
Local State ◽  
State Universities ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Governmental Agencies ◽  
State Initiatives ◽  
Governmental Support ◽  
The U.S

Our great academic institutions have come under attack in recent years. Often accused of being biased, unethical, and producing inferior academic standards, our universities are a tremendous resource for community and state initiatives. Those areas where the creative economy is strong, research universities and community colleges are actively involved. Our academic institutions create wealth and a sense of place. Many state universities and community colleges have seen the need and have responded with unique specialized programs, not just in the U.S. but globally. The same can be said of local, state, and national governmental agencies, who have supported the creative economy with programs and funding. The most successful creative economies happen when a group of state holders come together to collaborate and network to build a unique disruptive initiative. There are small disruptors who are building disruptive communities and companies globally. This chapter explores institution governmental support.

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