Discerning the Diversity of Soil Prokaryotes (Bacteria and Archaea) and Their Impact on Agriculture

2006 ◽  
pp. 103-122
Keyword(s):  
Soil Prokaryotes

scholarly journals Response of Horticultural Soil Microbiota to Different Fertilization Practices

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1501
Author(s):  
Iratxe Zarraonaindia ◽  
Xabier Simón Martínez-Goñi ◽  
Olaia Liñero ◽  
Marta Muñoz-Colmenero ◽  
Mikel Aguirre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Glutathione Metabolism ◽  
Plant Interactions ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Soil Microbiota ◽  
Xenobiotic Compound ◽  
Soil Prokaryotes ◽  
Rapid Shift

Environmentally friendly agricultural production necessitates manipulation of microbe–plant interactions, requiring a better understanding of how farming practices influence soil microbiota. We studied the effect of conventional and organic treatment on soil bacterial richness, composition, and predicted functional potential. 16S rRNA sequencing was applied to soils from adjacent plots receiving either a synthetic or organic fertilizer, where two crops were grown within treatment, homogenizing for differences in soil properties, crop, and climate. Conventional fertilizer was associated with a decrease in soil pH, an accumulation of Ag, Mn, As, Fe, Co, Cd, and Ni; and an enrichment of ammonia oxidizers and xenobiotic compound degraders (e.g., Candidatus Nitrososphaera, Nitrospira, Bacillus, Pseudomonas). Soils receiving organic fertilization were enriched in Ti (crop biostimulant), N, and C cycling bacteria (denitrifiers, e.g., Azoarcus, Anaerolinea; methylotrophs, e.g., Methylocaldum, Methanosarcina), and disease-suppression (e.g., Myxococcales). Some predicted functions, such as glutathione metabolism, were slightly, but significantly enriched after a one-time manure application, suggesting the enhancement of sulfur regulation, nitrogen-fixing, and defense of environmental stressors. The study highlights that even a single application of organic fertilization is enough to originate a rapid shift in soil prokaryotes, responding to the differential substrate availability by promoting soil health, similar to recurrent applications.

scholarly journals Functionally Redundant Cellobiose-Degrading Soil Bacteria Respond Differentially to Oxygen

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (17) ◽  
pp. 6043-6048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Schellenberger ◽  
Harold L. Drake ◽  
Steffen Kolb
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Soils ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Redox Potentials ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Anoxic Conditions ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
Soil Prokaryotes ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

ABSTRACTThe availability of oxygen (O2) in aerated (i.e., water-unsaturated) soils affects the metabolic activities of aerobic and anaerobic soil prokaryotes that degrade plant-derived saccharides. Fluctuating availabilities of O2were imposed on agricultural soil slurries supplemented with cellobiose. Slurries were subjected to oxic conditions (48 h), followed by an anoxic period (120 h) and a final oxic period (24 h). Redox potential was stable at 500 mV during oxic periods but decreased rapidly (within 10 h) under anoxic conditions to −330 mV. The consumption of cellobiose occurred without apparent delay at all redox potentials. The metabolic activities of seven previously identified saccharolytic family-level taxa of the investigated soil were measured with newly designed quantitative PCR assays targeting the 16S rRNA. Four taxa responded to the experimental conditions. The amounts of rRNAs ofMicrococcaceaeandCellulomonadaceae(Actinobacteria) increased under oxic conditions. In contrast, the RNA contents ofClostridiaceae(cluster I,Firmicutes) and two uncultured family-level-taxa, i.e., “Cellu” and “Sphingo” (bothBacteroidetes) increased under anoxic conditions. That the degradation of cellobiose was independent of the availability of O2and that redox potentials decreased in response to anaerobic activities indicated that the degradation of cellobiose was linked to functionally redundant cellobiose-degrading taxa capable of altering redox conditions.

scholarly journals Potentilla anserina L. developmental changes affect the rhizosphere prokaryotic community

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaqiong Wang ◽  
Yuxi Liu ◽  
Xue Li ◽  
Xiaoyan Han ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Prokaryotic Community ◽  
Sequencing Technology ◽  
Bacterial Phyla ◽  
Potentilla Anserina ◽  
Soil Prokaryotes

AbstractPlant roots and soil prokaryotes primarily interact with each other in the rhizosphere. Changes in the rhizosphere prokaryotic structure are influenced by several factors. In this study, the community structure of the Potentilla anserina L. rhizosphere prokaryotes was identified and evaluated by high-throughput sequencing technology in different continuous cropping fields and developmental stages of the plant. In total, 2 archaeal (Euryarchaeota and Thaumarchaeota) and 26 bacterial phyla were identified in the P. anserina rhizosphere. The bacterial community was mainly composed of Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes, Planctomycetes, Proteobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia. Moreover, the prokaryotic community structure of the rhizosphere varied significantly during plant development. Our results provide new insights into the dynamics of the P. anserina rhizosphere prokaryotic community and may provide useful information for enhancing the growth and development of P. anserina through artificial control of the soil prokaryotes.

scholarly journals Taxonomic patterns in the nitrogen assimilation of soil prokaryotes

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 1112-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ember M. Morrissey ◽  
Rebecca L. Mau ◽  
Egbert Schwartz ◽  
Benjamin J. Koch ◽  
Michaela Hayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Assimilation ◽  
Soil Prokaryotes ◽  
Taxonomic Patterns

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Myxococcus Predation on Soil Bacteria

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (20) ◽  
pp. 6920-6927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Morgan ◽  
R. Craig MacLean ◽  
Kristina L. Hillesland ◽  
Gregory J. Velicer
Keyword(s):  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Resource Competition ◽  
Prey Type ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Composition Structure ◽  
Soil Prokaryotes

ABSTRACT Predator-prey relationships among prokaryotes have received little attention but are likely to be important determinants of the composition, structure, and dynamics of microbial communities. Many species of the soil-dwelling myxobacteria are predators of other microbes, but their predation range is poorly characterized. To better understand the predatory capabilities of myxobacteria in nature, we analyzed the predation performance of numerous Myxococcus isolates across 12 diverse species of bacteria. All predator isolates could utilize most potential prey species to effectively fuel colony expansion, although one species hindered predator swarming relative to a control treatment with no growth substrate. Predator strains varied significantly in their relative performance across prey types, but most variation in predatory performance was determined by prey type, with Gram-negative prey species supporting more Myxococcus growth than Gram-positive species. There was evidence for specialized predator performance in some predator-prey combinations. Such specialization may reduce resource competition among sympatric strains in natural habitats. The broad prey range of the Myxococcus genus coupled with its ubiquity in the soil suggests that myxobacteria are likely to have very important ecological and evolutionary effects on many species of soil prokaryotes.

High levels of spatial heterogeneity in the biodiversity of soil prokaryotes on Signy Island, Antarctica

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Wie Chong ◽  
David A. Pearce ◽  
Peter Convey ◽  
G.Y. Annie Tan ◽  
Richard C.S. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Signy Island ◽  
Soil Prokaryotes
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document