Critical appraisal of qualitative studies

2002 ◽  
pp. 190-202
Keyword(s):  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Qualitative Studies

Metasynthesis of Patients’ Perspectives about Reminiscence in Dementia Care

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 852-866
Author(s):  
Abdallah Abu Khait ◽  
Juliette Shellman ◽  
Katherine Sabo
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
Vulnerable Population ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Comfort Zone ◽  
Public Health Priority ◽  
Health Priority ◽  
Critical Appraisal Skills ◽  
Qualitative Literature

Dementia is a serious condition that has become a public health priority worldwide. Reminiscence is the process of recollecting personal memories from the distant past. This metasynthesis aims to present a thorough analysis of available qualitative literature concerning patients’ perspectives about reminiscence in dementia care. A search of CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and ProQuest for qualitative studies published in English between 2005 and 2019 generated 110 studies. Eleven studies were retrieved, assessed for quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool, and then synthesized according to Noblit and Hare’s seven-step approach. Metaphors were arranged in a list and translated into one another. Five reciprocal themes emerged: Promoting a Comfort Zone, Keeping the Conversation Going, Creating a Dynamic Life, Reliving Painful Memories and Emotional Turmoil, and Strengthening Inner Forces. Increased awareness of patients’ perspectives about reminiscence can help design a better framework for interventions that will serve this vulnerable population.

scholarly journals Mandated reporters’ experiences with reporting child maltreatment: a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. e013942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill R McTavish ◽  
Melissa Kimber ◽  
Karen Devries ◽  
Manuela Colombini ◽  
Jennifer C D MacGregor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
English Language ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Child Death ◽  
Mandatory Reporting ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Mandated Reporters

ObjectiveTo systematically search for research about the effectiveness of mandatory reporting of child maltreatment and to synthesise qualitative research that explores mandated reporters’ (MRs) experiences with reporting.DesignAs no studies assessing the effectiveness of mandatory reporting were retrieved from our systematic search, we conducted a meta-synthesis of retrieved qualitative research. Searches in Medline (Ovid), Embase, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Sociological Abstracts, Education Resources Information Center, Criminal Justice Abstracts and Cochrane Library yielded over 6000 citations, which were deduplicated and then screened by two independent reviewers. English-language, primary qualitative studies that investigated MRs’ experiences with reporting of child maltreatment were included. Critical appraisal involved a modified checklist from the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme and qualitative meta-synthesis was used to combine results from the primary studies.SettingAll healthcare and social-service settings implicated by mandatory reporting laws were included. Included studies crossed nine high-income countries (USA, Australia, Sweden, Taiwan, Canada, Norway, Finland, Israel and Cyprus) and three middle-income countries (South Africa, Brazil and El Salvador). Participants: The studies represent the views of 1088 MRs.OutcomesFactors that influence MRs’ decision to report and MRs’ views towards and experiences with mandatory reporting of child maltreatment.ResultsForty-four articles reporting 42 studies were included. Findings indicate that MRs struggle to identify and respond to less overt forms of child maltreatment. While some articles (14%) described positive experiences MRs had with the reporting process, negative experiences were reported in 73% of articles and included accounts of harm to therapeutic relationships and child death following removal from their family of origin.ConclusionsThe findings of this meta-synthesis suggest that there are many potentially harmful experiences associated with mandatory reporting and that research on the effectiveness of this process is urgently needed.

scholarly journals The experience of informal caregivers of patients with motor neurone disease: A thematic synthesis

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Holkham ◽  
Andy Soundy
Keyword(s):  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Motor Neurone ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Motor Neurone Disease ◽  
Thematic Synthesis ◽  
Qualitative Thematic Analysis ◽  
Firsthand Experience ◽  
Qualitative Literature

ABSTRACTObjective:Research is required in order to illustrate and detail the experiences of informal caregivers of patients with motor neurone disease (pwMND) to further advance the research base and to inform the development of future support structures and services. Due to the heterogeneous nature of caregiving for pwMND, one way in which this can be achieved is through a qualitative review. A qualitative thematic analysis of existing qualitative studies has not, to the best of the authors' knowledge, been previously undertaken. Thus, the present synthesis aims to identify caregivers' experiences and to suggest factors that contribute to these experiences in order to fulfill the required research needs.Method:A thematic synthesis of qualitative literature was conducted. AMED, Medline, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, and PubMed were electronically searched from inception until September of 2015. Studies were eligible if they included qualitative literature reporting on firsthand experience of informal caregivers of patients with MND, were published in English, and contained verbatim quotations. Critical appraisal was undertaken using a 13-item consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative studies (COREQ) checklist.Results:A total of 10 studies met the inclusion criteria, with 148 (50 male) current or previous informal caregivers of pwMND identified. Critical appraisal demonstrated that study design and reflexivity were underreported. The synthesis derived three themes: (1) loss of control, (2) inability to choose, and (3) isolation.Significance of results:The synthesis highlighted the factors that contribute to both positive and negative caregiving experiences. Through these experiences, such suggestions for service provision as improving communication with healthcare professionals and having a single point of contact emerged. However, the outcome of such suggestions on the experience of caregivers is beyond the scope of our synthesis, so that further research is required.

scholarly journals Effects, barriers and facilitators in predischarge home assessments to improve the transition of care from the inpatient care to home in adult patients: An integrative review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uta Kirchner-Heklau ◽  
Kai Krause ◽  
Susanne Saal
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hospital Readmissions ◽  
Complex Interventions ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators

Abstract Background: Predischarge home assessments (PDHA) aim to support safe discharge from hospital or rehabilitation. There is insufficient evidence on the effectiveness of PDHA. For adults with any diagnosis, we aimed to determine (1) the effects of PDHA on outcomes associated with the successful return to community living (e.g., Activities of Daily Living, falls) and (2) the associated barriers and facilitators in order to derive recommendations for clinical practice.Methods: We searched Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, five additional databases and other sources. We included individual and cluster randomized (RCT/cRCT) and controlled clinical trials comparing PDHA versus usual care/other intervention, as well as qualitative/mixed methods studies dealing with PDHA. Critical appraisal was performed according to the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool in quantitative studies and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) as well as the McMaster University Guidelines for Critical Review Form for qualitative studies and data extraction. Meta-analysis, thematic synthesis and integrative synthesis were performed. Results: EightRCTs (n=1149) and eleven qualitative studies (n=346) met the inclusion criteria. RCTs reported a variety of outcomes (n=17). We are uncertain if PDHA has any effect on patient outcomes in Activities of Daily Living, quality of life, mobility and fear of falling, falls and hospital readmissions (with moderate to very low quality of the evidence). The qualitative studies revealed facilitators and barriers which should be considered by therapists when conducting PDHA. These were related to the following topics: patient safety education, patient information, patients’ acceptance of modifications and aids, functional assessment, standardization of procedures as well as the consideration of relevant patient conditions and contextual factors in PDHA. Conclusion: There is no evidence from the meta-analysis for the effectiveness of PDHA. Further robust studies are needed to adapt and evaluate PDHA interventions, taking the identified stakeholders’ views on PDHA into account and following the current recommendations for the development and evaluation of complex interventions. Trial registration:The review was registered and methods were reported on PROSPERO on 18th July 2018 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO. CRD42018100636).

scholarly journals Children’s and caregivers’ perspectives about mandatory reporting of child maltreatment: a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e025741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill R McTavish ◽  
Melissa Kimber ◽  
Karen Devries ◽  
Manuela Colombini ◽  
Jennifer C D MacGregor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
English Language ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Mandatory Reporting ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Critical Appraisal Skills

ObjectiveTo systematically synthesise qualitative research that explores children’s and caregivers’ perceptions of mandatory reporting.DesignWe conducted a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies.Data sourcesSearches were conducted in Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Criminal Justice Abstracts, Education Resources Information Center, Sociological Abstracts and Cochrane Libraries.Eligibility criteriaEnglish-language, primary, qualitative studies that investigated children’s or caregivers’ perceptions of reporting child maltreatment were included. All healthcare and social service settings implicated by mandatory reporting laws were included.Data extraction and synthesisCritical appraisal of included studies involved a modified checklist from the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). Two independent reviewers extracted data, including direct quotations from children and caregivers (first-order constructs) and interpretations by study authors (second-order constructs). Third-order constructs (the findings of this meta-synthesis) involved synthesising second-order constructs that addressed strategies to improve the mandatory reporting processes for children or caregivers—especially when these themes addressed concerns raised by children or caregivers in relation to the reporting process.ResultsOver 7935 citations were retrieved and 35 articles were included in this meta-synthesis. The studies represent the views of 821 caregivers, 50 adults with histories of child maltreatment and 28 children. Findings suggest that children and caregivers fear being reported, as well as the responses to reports. Children and caregivers identified a need for improvement in communication from healthcare providers about mandatory reporting, offering preliminary insight into child-driven and caregiver-driven strategies to mitigate potential harms associated with reporting processes.ConclusionResearch on strategies to mitigate potential harms linked to mandatory reporting is urgently needed, as is research that explores children’s experiences with this process.

scholarly journals Effects, barriers and facilitators in predischarge home assessments to improve the transition of care from the inpatient care to home in adult patients: an integrative review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uta Kirchner-Heklau ◽  
Kai Krause ◽  
Susanne Saal
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hospital Readmissions ◽  
Complex Interventions ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators

Abstract Background Predischarge home assessments (PDHA) aim to support safe discharge from hospital or rehabilitation. There is insufficient evidence on the effectiveness of PDHA. For adults with any diagnosis, we aimed to determine (1) the effects of PDHA on outcomes associated with the successful return to community living (e.g., Activities of Daily Living, falls) and (2) the associated barriers and facilitators in order to derive recommendations for clinical practice. Methods We searched Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, five additional databases and other sources. We included individual and cluster randomized (RCT/cRCT) and controlled clinical trials comparing PDHA versus usual care/other intervention, as well as qualitative/mixed methods studies dealing with PDHA. Critical appraisal was performed according to the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool in quantitative studies and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) as well as the McMaster University Guidelines for Critical Review Form for qualitative studies and data extraction. Meta-analysis, thematic synthesis and integrative synthesis were performed. Results Eight RCTs (n = 1072) and ten qualitative studies (n = 336) met the inclusion criteria. RCTs reported a variety of outcomes (n = 17). We are uncertain if PDHA has any effect on patient outcomes in Activities of Daily Living, quality of life, mobility and fear of falling, falls and hospital readmissions (with moderate to very low quality of the evidence). The qualitative studies revealed facilitators and barriers which should be considered by therapists when conducting PDHA. These were related to the following topics: patient safety education, patient information, patients’ acceptance of modifications and aids, functional assessment, standardization of procedures as well as the consideration of relevant patient conditions and contextual factors in PDHA. Conclusion There is no evidence from the meta-analysis for the effectiveness of PDHA. Further robust studies are needed to adapt and evaluate PDHA interventions, taking the identified stakeholders’ views on PDHA into account and following the current recommendations for the development and evaluation of complex interventions. Trial registration The review was registered and methods were reported on PROSPERO on 18th July 2018 (CRD42018100636).

scholarly journals Effects, Barriers and Facilitators in Predischarge Home Assessments to Improve the Transition of Care from the Inpatient Care to Home in Adult Patients: An Integrative Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uta Kirchner-Heklau ◽  
Kai Krause ◽  
Susanne Saal
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Complex Interventions ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Patient Goals

Abstract Background: Predischarge home assessments (PDHA) aim to ensure safe discharge from hospital or rehabilitation. There is insufficient evidence on the effectiveness of PDHA. For adults with any diagnosis, we aimed to determine (1) the effects of PDHA on outcomes associated with the successful return to community living (e.g., Activities of Daily Living falls) and (2) the associated barriers and facilitators to derive recommendations for clinical practice.Methods: We searched Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, five additional databases and other sources. We included individual and cluster randomized (RCT/cRCT) and controlled clinical trials comparing PDHA versus usual care/other intervention, as well as qualitative/mixed methods studies dealing with PDHA. Critical appraisal was performed according to the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool in quantitative studies and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) for qualitative studies and data extraction. Meta-analysis, thematic synthesis and integrative synthesis were performed.Results: Seven RCTs (n = 1072) and ten qualitative studies (n = 245) met the inclusion criteria. RCTs reported a variety of outcomes (n = 17). There is moderate to very low evidence for missing effects on (instrumental) Activities of Daily Living, quality of life, risk of falling and risk of readmission, mobility and fear of falling. The qualitative studies revealed the following topics related to patient education, patient information, patients’ acceptance of modifications and aids, involvement of patient goals and meaningful activities in functional assessment, as well as relevant social- and diagnosis-related patient conditions in PDHA. Seven implications for interventions were derived from these topics. Six of the included RCTs each addressed at least one and at most three of the seven identified meaningful implications for implementation.Conclusion: There is no evidence from the meta-analysis for the effectiveness of PDHA. Further robust studies are needed to adapt and evaluate PDHA interventions, taking the identified implications from stakeholders’ views into account, and should follow the current recommendations for the development and evaluation of complex interventions.Trial registration: The review was registered and methods were reported on PROSPERO on 18th July 2018 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO. CRD42018100636).

scholarly journals The Lived Experience of First-Episode Psychosis: A Systematic Review and Metasynthesis of Qualitative Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 223-238
Author(s):  
Amelie Noiriel ◽  
Laurence Verneuil ◽  
Ingrid Osmond ◽  
Emilie Manolios ◽  
Anne Revah-Levy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Critical Appraisal Skills ◽  
Practical Implications

Both research and care have focused on first episodes of psychosis (FEPs) as a way to address the issue of early stages of schizophrenia and to reduce the duration of untreated psychosis. The objective of this study was to explore specifically the lived experience of FEP from the point of view of patients and their families by applying a metasynthetic approach, including a systematic review of the literature and analyses of qualitative studies on the subject. This metasynthesis follows thematic synthesis procedures. Four databases were systematically searched for qualitative studies reporting FEP from the patient or family’s perspective. Article quality was assessed with the Critical Appraisal Skills Program. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes and synthesize them. Thirty-eight articles were included, covering data from 554 participants (378 patients and 176 relatives). Three themes emerged from the analyses: (1) When and how does a FEP start? (2) What are its negative and positive aspects? (3) How do patients and families recount FEPs? Our results found important discrepancies between the experiences of patients and those of their families, especially regarding positive aspects. In light of the confusion reported by patients and notable in our results, we also discuss the gap between the name, FEP, and the lived experience of patients and family members in order to explore its practical implications.

scholarly journals Critical Appraisal of Published Qualitative Research Papers in the Field of Nursing Management by Iranian authors: A cross-sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Abbas Heydari ◽  
Seyed Majid Vafaei ◽  
Mahmoud Bakhshi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Nursing Management ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Summary The growing number of doctoral graduates in nursing management, together with more focus on qualitative studies, has contributed to the development of qualitative studies. This study aimed to provide a critical appraisal of qualitative research papers in the field of nursing management by Iranian authors, published in national and international journals. In a cross-sectional study, international and Persian electronic databases were used for a systematic search of the relevant literature using the keywords: qualitative studies, nursing management, and Iran. Criteria provided by the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) for the qualitative studies checklist was used for quality appraisal of the included studies. Of the 22 qualitative studies appraised, 48% had used grounded theory and 22% had adopted the research method of content analysis. The mean score for ethical consideration was 1.66 out of 4. The mean scores for rigor and research credibility were 5.123 out of 9 and 1.66 out of 4, respectively. In terms of research purpose and methodology, mean scores were 3.33 out of 4 and 2.22 out of 3, respectively. Quality of research design obtained the mean score of 2.66 out of 6 and the score for method of data collection was 4.44 out of 7. Results showed that quality of the published qualitative studies in the field of nursing management by Iranian authors seemed not appropriate and the most significant weakness was related to the partial compliance with ethical principles.

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