Sea water desalination in Israel: Planning, coping with difficulties, and economic aspects of long-term risks

2012 ◽  
pp. 285-296
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Economic Aspects

scholarly journals Seawater Desalination Using Microbial Desalination Cell Based on Bio-Catalytic Devices Modification.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ummy Mardiana Ramdan ◽  
Christophe Innocent ◽  
Marc Cretin ◽  
Buchari Buchari
Keyword(s):  
Driving Force ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Ion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bioelectricity Generation ◽  
Salt Migration ◽  
Microbial Desalination Cell

Abstract Microbial desalination cell (MDC) built on bio-catalytic devices modification has been studied for sea water desalination using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as biocatalyst. Here we focussed the modification of anode and this study has been confirmed that bio-catalytic devices maintenance could contribute to the long-term MDC perform during desalination process. The goal of this study is to provide and develop a sea water desalination system without requiring an energy support by applying modification of anode as electron acceptor, and the different potential charges that occur between anode and cathode can plays as driving force for electro dialysis of sea water desalination. Several types of bio-catalytic devices modification have been conducted, i.e. by immobilization of mediator, immobilization of biocatalyst or a combination of both. The optimization of each device has been characterized by cyclic voltammetry, Chronoamperometry, and applied in Microbial fuel cell prior observed in MDC. The concentrations of ion salt migration have been determined by Ion Exchange Chromatography. The profiles of surface device have been detected by Scanning electron microscope and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Results shows that the modification of anode could be a promising method for bioelectricity generation delivered from MDC which as simultaneously produce an electricity and sea water desalination and provide a green chemistry technology.

scholarly journals Mitigation of Membrane Wetting by Applying a Low Temperature Membrane Distillation

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Gryta
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Salt Crystallization ◽  
Membrane Cleaning ◽  
Membrane Wetting ◽  
Feed Temperature ◽  
Long Term Studies

The formation of deposits on the membrane surface during membrane distillation is considered as one of the main reasons for membrane wetting. To assess the intensity of this phenomenon, long-term studies were performed comparing the membrane wettability with non-fouling feed (NaCl solutions) and feeds containing various foulants (lake and Baltic Sea water). The polypropylene membranes used were non-wetted by NaCl solutions during several hundred hours of water desalination. However, the occurrence of CaCO3 or other salt crystallization caused the membranes to be partially wetted, especially when periodical membrane cleaning was applied. The scaling intensity was significantly reduced by lowering the feed temperature from 353 to 315 K, which additionally resulted in the limitation of the degree of membrane wetting.

Diatoms and aquatic palynomorphs in the sediments of the Eurasian Arctic seas and their significance for paleooceanological investigations in the Arctic

2019 ◽  
pp. 246-251
Author(s):  
Yelena I. Polyakova ◽  
Yekaterina I. Novichkova ◽  
Tatiana S. Klyuvitkina ◽  
Elizaveta A. Agafonova ◽  
Irina M. Kryukova
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Marginal Filter ◽  
Arctic Seas ◽  
Hydrological Parameters ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Long Term Studies

Presented the results of long-term studies of diatoms and aquatic palynomorphs in surface sediments of the Arctic seas and the possibility of their use for the reconstructions of paleocirculation water masses, advection of Atlantic and Bering sea water into the Arctic ocean, changes in the river runoff to the seas, sedimentary processes in the marginal filter of the largest rivers, seasonal sea ice cover and other hydrological parameters.

scholarly journals Study of the Ecological Footprint and Carbon Footprint in a Reverse Osmosis Sea Water Desalination Plant

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 377
Author(s):  
Federico Leon ◽  
Alejandro Ramos-Martin ◽  
Sebastian Ovidio Perez-Baez
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Ecological Footprint ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Negative Part ◽  
Desalination Plant ◽  
Materials Used

The water situation in the Canary Islands has been a historical problem that has been sought to be solved in various ways. After years of work, efforts have focused on desalination of seawater to provide safe water mainly to citizens, agriculture, and tourism. Due to the high demand in the Islands, the Canary Islands was a pioneering place in the world in desalination issues, allowing the improvement of the techniques and materials used. There are a wide variety of technologies for desalination water, but nowadays the most used is reverse osmosis. Desalination has a negative part, the energy costs of producing desalinated water are high. To this we add the peculiarities of the electricity generation system in the Canary Islands, which generates more emissions per unit of energy produced compared to the peninsular generation system. In this study we have selected a desalination plant located on the island of Tenerife, specifically in the municipality of Granadilla de Abona, and once its technical characteristics have been known, the ecological footprint has been calculated. To do this we have had to perform some calculations such as the capacity to fix carbon dioxide per hectare in the Canary Islands, as well as the total calculation of the emissions produced in the generation of energy to feed the desalination plant.

scholarly journals Linking Long-Term Changes in Soil Salinity to Paddy Land Abandonment in Jaffna Peninsula, Sri Lanka

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Tharani Gopalakrishnan ◽  
Lalit Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Paddy Land ◽  
Semi Arid Region

Soil salinity is a serious threat to coastal agriculture and has resulted in a significant reduction in agricultural output in many regions. Jaffna Peninsula, a semi-arid region located in the northern-most part of Sri Lanka, is also a victim of the adverse effects of coastal salinity. This study investigated long-term soil salinity changes and their link with agricultural land use changes, especially paddy land. Two Landsat images from 1988 and 2019 were used to map soil salinity distribution and changes. Another set of images was analyzed at four temporal periods to map abandoned paddy lands. A comparison of changes in soil salinity with abandoned paddy lands showed that abandoned paddy lands had significantly higher salinity than active paddy lands, confirming that increasing salts owing to the high levels of sea water intrusion in the soils, as well as higher water salinity in wells used for irrigation, could be the major drivers of degradation of paddy lands. The results also showed that there was a dramatic increase in soil salinity (1.4-fold) in the coastal lowlands of Jaffna Peninsula. 64.6% of the salinity-affected land was identified as being in the extreme saline category. In addition to reducing net arable lands, soil salinization has serious implications for food security and the livelihoods of farmers, potentially impacting the regional and national economy.

An electrodialysis sea water desalination system powered by photovoltaic cells

Desalination ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Kuroda ◽  
S. Takahashi ◽  
S. Kubota ◽  
K. Kikuchi ◽  
Y. Eguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Water Desalination

Economic Interaction of Russia and China: from Bilateral Format to Regional One

2011 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
P. Mozias
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Economic Interaction ◽  
Development Perspective

The article discusses economic aspects of the strategic partnership of Russia and China, in particular, the dynamics of bilateral trade, the changes in its structure, the need for our country to pursue a long-term industrial policy in order to depart from mainly commodity orientation of exports to China. It is concluded that the situation in the bilateral trade situation could not satisfy the Russian partners because it contradicts to the objectives of the development perspective and to the challenges of modernizing Russian economy.

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