The Impact of Landlessness on Rural Livelihoods after Post-Mitch Resettlement in Nicaragua

2012 ◽  
pp. 259-280
Author(s):  
Anouk Zulauf
Keyword(s):  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
The Impact

Status, Impact, and Factor Determining Rural Non-farm Economy of India: A Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-76
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Farm Sector ◽  
Income Inequalities ◽  
Review Study ◽  
The Impact

The rural non-farm sector (RNFS) involves a spectrum of economic activity in rural areas and encompasses all rural productive entities other than farm holdings. It has the potential to play a pivotal role in holistic and inclusive development of India’s rural areas by increasing the employment and wages of rural labour, which can reduce income inequalities. The review was carried out in order to explain the present status of RNFE state wise as well as overall to get a comprehensive view on the topic. The review study also focuses to disaggregate RNFE on the basis of gender, size of landholding and castes. Literature depicting the impact of RNFE on rural livelihoods especially in employment and poverty and factors determining it also been compiled to get an overall idea on the study.

scholarly journals The impact of urbanization expansion on agricultural land in Ethiopia: A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Assefa Ayele ◽  
Kassa Tarekegn
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Economic Resource ◽  
House Construction ◽  
Impact Of Urbanization ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn a country like Ethiopia where the vast majority of the populations are employed in agriculture, land is an important economic resource for the development of rural livelihoods. Agricultural land in peri-urban areas is, however, transformed into built-up regions through horizontal urban expansion that has an effect on land use value. In recent years Ethiopia has been experiencing rapid urbanization, which has led to an ever-increasing demand for land in peri-urban areas for housing and other nonagricultural activities that pervades agricultural land. There is a high demand for informal and illegal peri-urban land which has been held by peri-urban farmers, and this plays a vital role in the unauthorized and sub-standard house construction on agricultural land. This urbanization has not been extensively reviewed and documented. In this review an attempt has been made to assess the impacts of rapid urbanization on agricultural activities. Urban expansion has reduced the areas available for agriculture, which has seriously impacted upon peri-urban farmers that are often left with little or no land to cultivate and which has increased their vulnerability. Housing encroachments have been observed to be uncontrolled due to a weak government response to the trend of unplanned city expansion. This has left peri-urban farmers exposed to the negative shocks of urbanization because significant urbanization-related agricultural land loss has a positive correlation with grain production decrease. Appropriate governing bodies should control urban development in order to control the illegal and informal spread of urbanization on agricultural land that threatens food production.

The Impact of Nile Crocodiles on Rural Livelihoods in Northeastern Namibia

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Aust ◽  
Brenna Boyle ◽  
Rich Fergusson ◽  
Tim Coulson
Keyword(s):  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
The Impact

Impact narratives of agricultural innovations and their implication on rural livelihoods in south west Zimbabwe

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-339
Author(s):  
EP Mutsvangwa-Sammie
Keyword(s):  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Positive Change ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
South West ◽  
Beliefs And Values ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Agricultural Innovations ◽  
The Impact

The impact narratives of agricultural innovations and rural livelihoods have attracted the attention of both policy makers and development practitioners, especially on whether introduced innovations have the envisaged positive change on communities, and how that change can be measured. The paper explores the narratives around impacts of agricultural innovations and rural livelihoods in south west Zimbabwe. Data was collected through household questionnaires, review of project reports and key informant interviews, conducted between April 2012 and June 2018. Results showed there were differences in how success was defined by the various actors. Despite the vast efforts in promoting agricultural innovations, less than 12% of households depended on agriculture only, while the majority of households engaged in diverse livelihood strategies. This implied that recognizing the diversity of rural livelihoods is an important step toward understanding the beneficiaries of agricultural innovations and to ensure their success. The different perceptions in defining success reflected self-interests and/or pursuit of self-actualization of the various actors and how they sought to make the most out of the prevailing situation. I conclude that true ascription of success requires understanding the complexity and richness of livelihood goals of farmers, taking into account power, beliefs and values within a society.

Reply to van Donge

2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Ponte
Keyword(s):  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Agrarian Change ◽  
Economic Diversification ◽  
Uluguru Mountains ◽  
Alternative Farming ◽  
Economic Ties ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Good Access

Van Donge's comment on my reassessment of agrarian change on the Uluguru Mountains, Tanzania, raises a number of issues that go beyond the specificities of the location under scrutiny. Before dealing with these, however, let me restate my argument, which van Donge has reconstructed only selectively. In my article (Ponte 2001a), I argued that rural households are not ‘trapped in decline’ on the Uluguru Mountains, as depicted in previous literature. Although agriculture is not going through an easy transition in the area, and some options are becoming more limited, others are being more skilfully utilised. On the Uluguru Mountains, land scarcity is the main feature of agriculture; deforestation and soil erosion are major problems; and inputs have become increasingly expensive. Under these circumstances, the main ways households can improve their quality of life – short of leaving the area altogether, and in addition to relying on remittances from outside – are to expand land cultivated in other locations, to experiment with alternative farming systems, and to increase non-farm incomes. I observed that Uluguru households were doing all of these in the mid-1990s, and that their income levels and housing characteristics had improved. This was intriguing and challenging to me, since farmers' adaptations to changing markets had not led to higher incomes in other areas that I had researched in Tanzania. Finally, I suggested that economic diversification can play an important role in improving rural livelihoods, but that this process is more likely to take place in locations with well-established economic ties and relatively good access to major markets.Van Donge has a variety of problems with my argument. These can be grouped around three main themes: (1) issues of methodology; (2) a perceived misunderstanding of his argument; and (3) the impact of liberalisation. Due to space limitations, in my reply to van Donge I deal with these larger themes. A more detailed response covering specific evidence and technicalities is available from this author and has been sent to van Donge.

scholarly journals An integrated approach to improving rural livelihoods: examples from India and Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 376 ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Barry Croke ◽  
Wendy Merritt ◽  
Peter Cornish ◽  
Geoffrey J. Syme ◽  
Christian H. Roth
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. This paper presents an overview of work in West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh and SW Bangladesh through a series of projects from 2005 to the present, considering the impact of farming systems, water shed development and/or agricultural intensification on livelihoods in selected rural areas of India and Bangladesh. The projects spanned a range of scales spanning from the village scale (∼  1 km2) to the meso-scale (∼  100 km2), and considered social as well as biophysical aspects. They focused mainly on the food and water part of the food-water-energy nexus. These projects were in collaboration with a range of organisations in India and Bangladesh, including NGOs, universities, and government research organisations and departments. The projects were part funded by the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, and built on other projects that have been undertaken within the region. An element of each of these projects was to understand how the hydrological cycle could be managed sustainably to improve agricultural systems and livelihoods of marginal groups. As such, they evaluated appropriate technology that is generally not dependent on high-energy inputs (mechanisation). This includes assessing the availability of water, and identifying potential water resources that have not been developed; understanding current agricultural systems and investigating ways of improving water use efficiency; and understanding social dynamics of the affected communities including the potential opportunities and negative impacts of watershed development and agricultural development.

scholarly journals A Multi-Phase Assessment of the Effects of COVID-19 on Food Systems and Rural Livelihoods in Kenya

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Olwande ◽  
Miltone Ayieko ◽  
John Mukundi ◽  
Nicholas Odhiambo
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Food System ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
First Case ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
The Impact

Kenya confirmed its first case of COVID-19 on 12 March 2020. Like many governments across the world, the Kenyan government implemented various measures aimed at slowing down local spread of the virus and cushioning the population against the negative economic effects of the pandemic and the associated policy restrictions. International organisations and researchers postulated that the measures would negatively affect economic activities and livelihoods, with undesirable implications for poverty and food insecurity. Particularly vulnerable would be populations in developing countries such as Kenya, where many people depend on food systems for their livelihoods, and the majority of those are smallholder farmers who often have low economic power. The objective of this rapid assessment was to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the food system and the sub-set of the population largely dependent on agriculture in Kenya to inform actions that can assure protection of rural livelihoods and continued access to adequate and affordable food of acceptable quality to the population. This report presents results of that rapid assessment.

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