scholarly journals Search for the Genes Involved in Oocyte Maturation and Early Embryo Development in the Hen

2011 ◽  
pp. 122-152
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Early Embryo Development

Profile of Porcine Piwi-Interacting RNA During Oocyte Maturation and Early Embryo Development by Deep Sequencing.

2011 ◽  
Vol 85 (Suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 334-334
Author(s):  
Cai-Xia Yang ◽  
Zhi-Qiang Du ◽  
Elane C. Wright ◽  
Ben Selman ◽  
Max F. Rothschild ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Deep Sequencing ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Early Embryo Development

scholarly journals Adipokines Expression and Effects in Oocyte Maturation, Fertilization and Early Embryo Development: Lessons from Mammals and Birds

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3581
Author(s):  
Anthony Estienne ◽  
Adeline Brossaud ◽  
Maxime Reverchon ◽  
Christelle Ramé ◽  
Pascal Froment ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Early Embryo Development ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Physiological Processes

Some evidence shows that body mass index in humans and extreme weights in animal models, including avian species, are associated with low in vitro fertilization, bad oocyte quality, and embryo development failures. Adipokines are hormones mainly produced and released by white adipose tissue. They play a key role in the regulation of energy metabolism. However, they are also involved in many other physiological processes including reproductive functions. Indeed, leptin and adiponectin, the most studied adipokines, but also novel adipokines including visfatin and chemerin, are expressed within the reproductive tract and modulate female fertility. Much of the literature has focused on the physiological and pathological roles of these adipokines in ovary, placenta, and uterine functions. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge regarding the involvement of leptin, adiponectin, visfatin, and chemerin in the oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryo development in both mammals and birds.

228 EFFECT OF INSULIN ON BOVINE OOCYTE MATURATION, CUMULUS CELL APOPTOSIS, AND EARLY EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT IN VITRO

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
I. Lindgren ◽  
P. Humblot ◽  
D. Laskowski ◽  
Y. Sjunnesson
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
In Vitro Maturation ◽  
Insulin Treatment ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Blastocyst Formation ◽  
Early Embryo Development ◽  
Maturation In Vitro

Dairy cow fertility has decreased during the last decades, and much evidence indicates that metabolic disorders are an important part of this decline. Insulin is a key factor in the metabolic challenge during the transition period that coincides with the oocyte maturation and may therefore have an impact on the early embryo development. The aim of this study was to test the effect of insulin during oocyte maturation on early embryo development by adding insulin during the oocyte maturation in vitro. In this study, abattoir-derived bovine ovaries were used and cumulus-oocyte complexes (n = 991) were in vitro matured for 22 h according to standard protocols. Insulin was added during maturation in vitro as follows: H (10 µg mL–1 of insulin), L (0.1 µg mL–1 of insulin), or Z (0 µg mL–1 of insulin). After maturation, oocytes were removed and fixed in paraformaldehyde before staining. Click-it TUNEL assay (Invitrogen, Stockholm, Sweden) was used for apoptotic staining and DRAQ5 (BioNordika, Stockholm, Sweden) for nuclear staining (n = 132). Cumulus-oocyte complexes were evaluated using laser scanning confocal microscope (Zeiss LSM 510, Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany). Five levels of scans were used to assess oocyte maturation (MII stage) and apoptosis. Because of incomplete penetration of the TUNEL stain (3–5 layers of cumulus cells), only the outer 2 layers of the cumulus complex were investigated regarding apoptosis. Apoptotic index was calculated as apoptotic cells/total cells visualised. Remaining oocytes were fertilized and cultured in vitro until Day 8. Day 7 and Day 8 blastocyst formation was assessed as well as blastocyst stage and grade. Effect of insulin treatment on variables was analysed by ANOVA following arc sin √p transformation. Post-ANOVA comparisons between H+L group v. Z were performed by using the contrast option under GLM (Scheffé test). Results are presented as least squares means ± s.e. P-values ≤ 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Insulin treatment during oocyte maturation in vitro had no significant effect on oocyte nuclear maturation or apoptotic index of the cumulus cells (Z: 0.052 ± 0.025, L: 0.039 ± 0.016, H: 0.077 ± 0.044, P > 0.05). No effect was seen on cleavage rates (Z: 0.85 ± 0.02, L: 0.85 ± 0.02, H: 0.89 ± 0.03, P > 0.05), but insulin treatment significantly decreased Day 7 rates from fertilized oocytes (Z: 0.19 ± 0.02, L: 0.14 ± 0.02, H: 0.12 ± 0.02, P < 0.05). This study also showed a significantly retarded developmental stage and decreased grade of blastocysts in insulin-treated groups taken together when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). In this study, no effect of insulin supplementation during in vitro maturation was seen on bovine oocyte maturation and apoptosis of cumulus cells, but blastocyst formation and development were negatively affected. Further studies are needed for understanding the relationship between the addition of insulin during maturation in vitro and impaired blastocyst formation. Insulin is a common supplement in the first phase of the first in vitro maturation medium for pig oocytes and is believed to have a beneficial effect on this species.Funding was received from Stiftelsen Nils Lagerlöfs Fond H12–0051-NLA.

scholarly journals Small GTPase RhoA regulates cytoskeleton dynamics during porcine oocyte maturation and early embryo development

Cell Cycle ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3390-3403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Xing Duan ◽  
Rui Cao ◽  
Hong-Lin Liu ◽  
Xiang-Shun Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Small Gtpase ◽  
Early Embryo Development ◽  
Porcine Oocyte ◽  
Cytoskeleton Dynamics

Superovulation alters embryonic poly(A)-binding protein (Epab) and poly(A)-binding protein, cytoplasmic 1 (Pabpc1) gene expression in mouse oocytes and early embryos

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saffet Ozturk ◽  
Aylin Yaba-Ucar ◽  
Berna Sozen ◽  
Derya Mutlu ◽  
Necdet Demir
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Early Embryo Development ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Early Embryos

Embryonic poly(A)-binding protein (EPAB) and poly(A)-binding protein, cytoplasmic 1 (PABPC1) play critical roles in translational regulation of stored maternal mRNAs required for proper oocyte maturation and early embryo development in mammals. Superovulation is a commonly used technique to obtain a great number of oocytes in the same developmental stages in assisted reproductive technology (ART) and in clinical or experimental animal studies. Previous studies have convincingly indicated that superovulation alone can cause impaired oocyte maturation, delayed embryo development, decreased implantation rate and increased postimplantation loss. Although how superovulation results in these disturbances has not been clearly addressed yet, putative changes in genes related to oocyte and early embryo development seem to be potential risk factors. Thus, the aim of the present study was to determine the effect of superovulation on Epab and Pabpc1 gene expression. To this end, low- (5 IU) and high-dose (10 IU) pregnant mare’s serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) were administered to female mice to induce superovulation, with naturally cycling female mice serving as controls. Epab and Pabpc1 gene expression in germinal vesicle (GV) stage oocytes, MII oocytes and 1- and 2-cell embryos collected from each group were quantified using quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. Superovulation with low or high doses of gonadotropins significantly altered Epab and Pabpc1 mRNA levels in GV oocytes, MII oocytes and 1- and 2-cell embryos compared with their respective controls (P < 0.05). These changes most likely lead to variations in expression of EPAB- and PABPC1-regulated genes, which may adversely influence the quality of oocytes and early embryos retrieved using superovulation.

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