ICEWS and SAA: Early Warnings

Abstract. Flood damage can be mitigated if the parties at risk are reached by flood warnings and if they know how to react appropriately. To gain more knowledge about warning reception and emergency response of private households and companies, surveys were undertaken after the August 2002 and the June 2013 floods in Germany. Despite pronounced regional differences, the results show a clear overall picture: in 2002, early warnings did not work well; e.g. many households (27 %) and companies (45 %) stated that they had not received any flood warnings. Additionally, the preparedness of private households and companies was low in 2002, mainly due to a lack of flood experience. After the 2002 flood, many initiatives were launched and investments undertaken to improve flood risk management, including early warnings and an emergency response in Germany. In 2013, only a small share of the affected households (5 %) and companies (3 %) were not reached by any warnings. Additionally, private households and companies were better prepared. For instance, the share of companies which have an emergency plan in place has increased from 10 % in 2002 to 34 % in 2013. However, there is still room for improvement, which needs to be triggered mainly by effective risk and emergency communication. The challenge is to continuously maintain and advance an integrated early warning and emergency response system even without the occurrence of extreme floods.

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Stretched peer-review on unexpected results (GMOs)

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2005.0157 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 52 (6) ◽

pp. 99-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A.I. Myhr

Keyword(s):

Peer Review ◽

Media Coverage ◽

Genetically Modified Organisms ◽

Review Process ◽

Peer Review Process ◽

Primary Source ◽

Policy Decision ◽

Scientific Journals ◽

Unexpected Findings ◽

Early Warnings

Science is the basis for governance of risk from genetically modified organisms (GMO), and it is also a primary source of legitimacy for policy decision. However, recently the publication of unexpected results has caused controversies and challenged the way in which science should be performed, be published in scientific journals, and how preliminary results should be communicated. These studies have subsequently, after being accepted for publication within the peer-review process of leading scientific journals, been thoroughly re-examined by many actors active within the GMO debate and thereby drawn extensive media coverage. The publicized charges that the research involved does not constitute significant evidence or represent bad science have in fact deflected attention away from the important questions related to ecological and health risks raised by the research. In this paper, I will argue that unexpected findings may represent “early warnings.” Although early warnings may not represent reality, such reports are necessary to inform other scientists and regulators, and should be followed up by further research to reveal the validity of the warnings. Furthermore, science that embraces robust, participatory and transparent approaches will be imperative in the future to reduce the present controversy surrounding GMO use and release.

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Surpassing Entertainment with Computer Games: Online Tools for Early Warnings of Mild Cognitive Impairment

Communications in Computer and Information Science - Information and Communication Technologies for Ageing Well and e-Health ◽

10.1007/978-3-319-27695-3_13 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 217-237 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Béla Pataki ◽

Péter Hanák ◽

Gábor Csukly

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Computer Games ◽

Online Tools ◽

Early Warnings

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