Efficient cross-cultural models for communicative agents

2012 ◽  
pp. 303-312
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Models ◽  
Cross Cultural

scholarly journals What Are Friends for in Russia Versus Canada?: An Approach for Documenting Cross-Cultural Differences

2021 ◽  
pp. 106939712110245
Author(s):  
Marina M. Doucerain ◽  
Andrew G. Ryder ◽  
Catherine E. Amiot
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Group ◽  
Mental Maps ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences

Most research on friendship has been grounded in Western cultural worlds, a bias that needs to be addressed. To that end, we propose a methodological roadmap to translate linguistic/anthropological work into quantitative psychological cross-cultural investigations of friendship, and showcase its implementation in Russia and Canada. Adopting an intersubjective perspective on culture, we assessed cultural models of friendship in three inter-related ways: by (1) deriving people’s mental maps of close interpersonal relationships; (2) examining the factor structure of friendship; and (3) predicting cultural group membership from a given person’s friendship model. Two studies of Russians (Study 1, n = 89; Study 2a, n = 195; Study 2b, n = 232) and Canadians (Study 1, n = 89; Study 2a, n = 164; Study 2b, n = 199) implemented this approach. The notions of trust and help in adversity emerged as defining features of friendship in Russia but were less clearly present in Canada. Different friendship models seem to be prevalent in these two cultural worlds. The roadmap described in the current research documents these varying intersubjective representations, showcasing an approach that is portable across contexts (rather than limited to a specific cross-cultural contrast) and relies on well-established methods (i.e., easily accessible in many research contexts).

scholarly journals Exploring Cross-Cultural Differences In Social Knowledge Creation And Exchange: A Preliminary Examination

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Girard ◽  
Andy Bertsch
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Social Knowledge ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
The Social

This paper chronicles an exploratory, in-progress research project that compares the findings of Hofstede’s cross-cultural research with those of Forrester’s Social Technographics research.  The aim of the project is to determine if a relationship exists between cultural differences and social knowledge creation and exchange.  Part one of the study mapped Davenport and Prusak’s information and knowledge creation theories to the six components of Forrester’s Social Technographics study (creators, critics, collectors, joiners, spectators, and inactives).  Next, the Social Technographics results from 13 nations were compared with Hofstede’s four cultural dimensions (power distance, individualism, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity).  The analysis included exploring the relationship visually using 24 scatter diagrams, running correlation coefficients (Peasson’s r) for each relationship, testing for significance of Pearson’s r, and finally conducting regression analyses on each relationship. Although the authors believe that culture influences behaviours, this study did not reveal any reasonable relationships between culture and placement along the Social Technographics.  However, it is possible that there exists problems in the Hofstede scales.  The Hofstede scales have been highly criticized in the literature.  It may be that other cross-cultural models such as GLOBE, Schwartz, Triandis, or others may yield different results.  In this regard, further research is necessary.  The next phase of the project will compare Social Technographics with the GLOBE project findings.

More alike than different? A comparison of variance explained by cross-cultural models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James G. Field ◽  
Frank A. Bosco ◽  
David Kraichy ◽  
Krista L. Uggerslev ◽  
Mingang K. Geiger
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Models ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Variance Explained

The Emotional Approach Coping Scales in Chinese: Validation, Psychometric Properties, and Measurement Invariance

Assessment ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1562-1574
Author(s):  
Pui San Tse ◽  
Sharon Rae Jenkins ◽  
Chiachih DC Wang ◽  
David Andrés González
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Theoretical Interest ◽  
Approach Coping ◽  
Emotional Approach Coping ◽  
Chinese Counterpart ◽  
Emotional Approach

American and Chinese literatures on emotion-focused coping show inconsistent associations with distress, attributable to criterion contamination problems with measures. This problem was remedied by the American Emotional Approach Coping (EAC) scales, which are not confounded with distress; however, there is no Chinese counterpart. The EAC is of theoretical interest for exploring cross-cultural models of psychological and physical health since it allows one to measure emotion processing (theoretically lowering distress) without emotion expression (maintaining collectivist group harmony). In the present study, the EAC scales were translated into Chinese and their factorial, criterion, and discriminant validity as well as measurement invariance of the two versions were examined in 353 Chinese and 491 Americans. Previous validational findings for American EAC scales were replicated and configural and metric invariance demonstrated, supporting the comparable reliability and validity of the Chinese EAC scales. Chinese showed fewer gender differences than Americans.

Comparing dimensions of national culture for secondary analysis of consumer behavior data of different countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke de Mooij
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dimensional Models

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to find consumption-related similarities and differences between the three major dimensional models of national culture, to help researchers select specific models or dimensions for their cross-cultural studies. Design/methodology/approach First, a review of the theoretical background of cultural values and three models of national culture is provided: those by Hofstede, Schwartz and GLOBE. Then these models are compared through partial correlation analysis, controlling for GNP/capita of a set of 25 relevant consumer behavior-related data with country scores of 21 dimensions of the three dimensional models. Findings Of all models several dimensions explain differences in consumer behavior. Some dimensions explain values related to specific consumer behavior domains better than others. Only a few dimensions of different models do not show meaningful interesting relationships with consumer behavior issues. Dimensions with the same label do not explain similar differences. Practical implications Cross-cultural researchers can choose from the several cultural models, but selecting a model only based on descriptions of the contents of dimensions is difficult. The relationships of dimensions with concrete consumer behavior data found in this study facilitate choice. This analysis may help researchers who consider conducting cross-cultural analysis of consumer behavior data to select a specific model, or specific dimensions of different models that apply best to their research question. Originality/value This is the first study that compares the three major dimensional models with examples of consumer behavior-related items.

Cognitive grounding for cross-cultural commercial communication

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Pérez Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cues ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Semantic Interpretation ◽  
Cognitive Perspective ◽  
Image Schemas ◽  
Commercial Communication ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Core Meaning

AbstractInternationally recognized brands are an increasingly essential asset for present-day companies. This paper takes a cognitive perspective on the semantics of commercial brands (and their related logos), and explores the role of image schemas in endowing them with a cross-culturally significant core meaning. Two surveys were carried out among speakers of four different languages (i.e., English, Spanish, Chinese, and Arabic) in relation to the logos of several car categories (minis, family cars, 4 × 4s, and sports cars) and a limited set of image schemas (CONTAINER, FORCE, and ATTRIBUTE). The analysis of the results reveals a consistent correlation between the participants' semantic interpretation of the car brands, and the basic meanings deriving from the image schemas included in their logos. The outcome of the surveys also points to the existence of potential constraints on the universal reach of image-schematic-based communication. These limitations emerge either from the combination of image schemas with additional idealized cultural models, or from the use of specific richer configurations of the image-schematic visual cues at work. In this connection, the present study explores the inventory of visual configurations available for the representation of the image schemas under scrutiny, assesses their universal significance, and raises awareness about differences in the cross-cultural communicative effectiveness of the various layouts of a given image-schematic cue.

scholarly journals Cultural Models of the Self and Environmentalism: A Cross-cultural and Experimental Investigation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Hamish Duff
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Environmental Attitudes ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
The Self ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Nature Connectedness

<p>Previous research suggests human–nature relations are influenced by human–human relations, particularly those related to the inclusion of others in self. Individuals who construe the self as more interdependent from others are more likely to protect nature than those who construe the self as more independent from others. We conducted cross-cultural and experimental studies to examine this proposition systematically using a recently developed seven-dimension model of self-construal. Study 1 (N = 7,279, k = 55) confirmed that those who saw themselves as more connected and committed to others were more likely to endorse environmental protectionism. Multilevel moderation analysis indicated that the association between commitment to others and environmental protection was stronger in societies that express greater difference to others and have greater self-expression, commitment to others, environmental performance, and societal development. However, experimentally priming interdependent versus independent self-construals in Study 2 (N = 419) did not increase participants’ connectedness with nature, but nature connectedness mediated the relationships between connection to others and pro-environmental attitudes. Results indicate that inclusion of others in self translates into inclusion of nature in self and environmental protection but inducing this effect may be challenging.</p>

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