Water-Soluble Biomolecules, Synthetic Polymers, and their Conjugates

2014 ◽  
pp. 863-986
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Water Soluble

Natural Polymers in Fast Dissolving Tablets

2021 ◽  
pp. 2859-2866
Author(s):  
Ratnaparkhi M.P. ◽  
Karnawat G.R. ◽  
Andhale R.S.
Keyword(s):  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Nutritional Supplement ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Water Soluble Drug ◽  
Poorly Water Soluble ◽  
Poorly Water Soluble Drug

Oral route is most preferable route of administration for various drugs, because it is convenient, economical, safest route. Fast dissolving tablets are popular nowadays, as they disintegrated in mouth within a few seconds without using water for swallow. Problems like Dysphagia in pediatric and geriatric patients have been overcome by formulating Fast dissolving tablet. Natural polymers are preferable because they are chemically inert, nontoxic, less expensive, biodegradable, and available easily than synthetic polymers. Natural polymers are obtained from the natural origin so they are devoid of any side effect. It is proved from the previous studies that Natural polymers are more-safe and effective than the synthetic polymers. Natural polymers improve the properties of tablet and they are used as binder, diluent, superdisintegrant, they also enhance the solubility of poorly water-soluble drug, decrease the disintegration time and provide nutritional supplement. The aim of the present article is to study various natural polymers used in fast dissolving tablets.

scholarly journals A Critical Review on the Synthesis of Natural Sodium Alginate Based Composite Materials: An Innovative Biological Polymer for Biomedical Delivery Applications

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Awais Ahmad ◽  
N.M. Mubarak ◽  
Fakiha Tul Jannat ◽  
Tayyaba Ashfaq ◽  
Carlo Santulli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Alginic Acid ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
Immunogenic Properties

Sodium alginate (Na-Alg) is water-soluble, neutral, and linear polysaccharide. It is the derivative of alginic acid which comprises 1,4-β-d-mannuronic (M) and α-l-guluronic (G) acids and has the chemical formula (NaC6H7O6). It shows water-soluble, non-toxic, biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-immunogenic properties. It had been used for various biomedical applications, among which the most promising are drug delivery, gene delivery, wound dressing, and wound healing. For different biomedical applications, it is used in different forms with the help of new techniques. That is the reason it had been blended with different polymers. In this review article, we present a comprehensive overview of the combinations of sodium alginate with natural and synthetic polymers and their biomedical applications involving delivery systems. All the scientific/technical issues have been addressed, and we have highlighted the recent advancements.

Making waves: Water-soluble polymers in the aquatic environment: An overlooked class of synthetic polymers?

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 115931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Huppertsberg ◽  
Daniel Zahn ◽  
Frances Pauelsen ◽  
Thorsten Reemtsma ◽  
Thomas P. Knepper
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Water Soluble Polymers ◽  
Soluble Polymers

scholarly journals The Polymer Binders for the Electrodes of Lithium Batteries Part 2. Synthetic and Natural Polymers

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-205
Author(s):  
Aigul S. Istomina ◽  
◽  
Olga V. Bushkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Composite Electrodes ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Power Characteristics ◽  
Polymer Binders ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
Cross Links

The second part of the review describes the prospects of using alternative polymer binders for composite electrodes of lithium electrochemical systems. Possible options having been taken into account, the most popular commercially-available synthetic polymers with functional group (the ones forming aqueous solutions or dispersions predominantly) and water-soluble polymers of natural origin are considered. The versatility of such materials is their distinctive feature. The availability of salt forms for natural and synthetic polymers, many of which are polyelectrolytes, makes it possible to significantly affect the ion transfer in the composite electrode mass, reducing the polarization of the electrodes and improving the power characteristics of batteries. The ability to form “artificial SEI” and / or form a three-dimensional network with self-healing cross-links between macromolecules allows long-term safe cycling, the latter being especially important for active materials with very large volume changes during lithium intercalation / deintercalation (e.g. silicon).

scholarly journals Surface Pitting on Nanofibrous Matrix as an Ultra- Sensitive Indicator for Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Crystalline Cellulose

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
mikiko tsudome ◽  
Mikako Tachioka ◽  
Miwako Tsuda ◽  
Yoshihiro Takaki ◽  
Shigeru Deguchi
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Enzymatic Degradation ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Crystalline Cellulose ◽  
Optical Profilometry ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis Of Cellulose ◽  
Reaction Proceeds ◽  
Hydrolysis Of Cellulose ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

<p>Assaying enzymatic degradation of the water-insoluble substrate such as cellulose and synthetic polymers has remained technically challenging, primarily because only the surface of the substrate is accessible to the enzymes and the reaction proceeds very slowly compared with those of water-soluble substrates. Here we show an ultra-sensitive and semi-quantitative assay for enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. By combining nanofibrous matrices with piezo-driven inkjet printing and optical profilometry, enzymatic hydrolysis of less than 1 nanogram of crystalline cellulose was successfully quantified. Unprecedented genetic diversity of cellulase was revealed when the same principle was applied for elucidating microbial degradation of cellulose in the deep sea. This work demonstrates that truly interdisciplinary efforts, encompassing diverse disciplines from nanotechnology to microbiology, are crucial to address scientific and technological problems towards sustainability.<br></p>

Diazo-Initiated Polymers. Preparation, Properties, and Evaluation

1954 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-103
Author(s):  
J. M. Willis ◽  
Glen Alliger ◽  
B. L. Johnson ◽  
W. M. Otto
Keyword(s):  
Great Majority ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Diazo Compounds ◽  
Polymerization Temperature ◽  
Synthetic Rubber ◽  
Polymer Properties ◽  
Rate Of Polymerization ◽  
The Many ◽  
Preparation And Evaluation

Abstract Throughout the great majority of the many investigations on rubberlike synthetic polymers, the initiators employed have been peroxides, either water-soluble (potassium persulfate being the chief example) or oil-soluble, such as benzoyl peroxide or diisopropylbenzene monohydroperoxide. The most notable departure from these initiators has been the use of the diazothio ethers, 4-methoxybenzenediazomercapto-2-naphthalene (MDN) and 4-methylbenzenediazomercapto-2-naphthalene (TDN). These materials have proved to be suitable initiators and also to have some activity as modifiers. However, their possibilities have been explored principally at a polymerization temperature of 41° F. Thus, the field of initiators has been subject to less widespread investigation than most of the other variables in a typical synthetic rubber recipe. The purpose of the present investigation was to develop different initiators, if possible, of a type which would lead to improvement of polymer structure at 122° F. It was felt from the outset that diazo-type compounds offered the best possibilities for development along these lines. During a preliminary survey of these materials, the object was to find examples which did not have the two disadvantages of the diazothio ethers—high cost and low stability. The use of diazo-type compounds as polymerization initiators has been known for many years. The work of Buizov on the polymerization of butadiene with diazoaminobenzene is an example of this. A number of patents have been issued relating to the use of diazo compounds in general as polymerization initiators or activators. These patents, however, were directed toward improving the rate of polymerization, and did not indicate any outstanding improvement in polymer properties. After detailed study of the properties and reactions of diazo materials in general, stabilized salts of diazotized aromatic amines were selected as the specific type of compound with the greatest chance of success. The program was begun with the laboratory preparation and evaluation of diazo salts.

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