scholarly journals Mapping Recent Decadal Climate Variations in Precipitation and Temperature across Eastern Africa and the Sahel

2012 ◽  
pp. 354-381
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Climate Variations ◽  
Decadal Climate ◽  
Precipitation And Temperature

The decadal climate variations simulated in a coupled data assimilation system using only surface pressure observations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaosong Yang ◽  
Thomas Delworth ◽  
Fanrong Zeng ◽  
William Cooke ◽  
Liping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Assimilation ◽  
Surface Pressure ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Surface Fluxes ◽  
Decadal Prediction ◽  
Climate Variations ◽  
Decadal Climate ◽  
Data Assimilation System ◽  
Assimilation System

<p>Initializing climate models for decadal prediction is a major challenge, in part due to the lack of long-term subsurface ocean observations and the changing nature of observing systems. In order to overcome these limitations, we have developed a novel method for initializing a climate model for decadal prediction. Using GFDL’s next-generation prediction system, we developed a coupled ensemble data assimilation system, which assimilated only surface pressure observations, since the surface pressure measurements have been made since the late 1800s. Physically, by assimilating high-frequency surface pressure observations we constrain the model to experience a sequence of wind and storms, and thus surface fluxes, that is very similar to what is observed. The hypothesis is that by having the ocean component of the coupled model experience a very similar sequence of surface fluxes as observations, the ocean component of the coupled model will gradually reproduce the same variations as the observed system.</p><p>We assimilated the observed surface pressure station data used in the latest 20-century reanalysis. A coupled simulation during 1960 to 2016 has been completed. In this talk, we will review how well the observed decadal climate variations (e.g., PDO and AMO) can be reproduced solely from the surface pressure observations.  In addition, we will explore the multi-decadal variations of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) and its connection with the North Atlantic sea surface temperature. The feasibility of using this method to initialize coupled climate models for realistic decadal predictions will be discussed in the talk.            </p>

Recent decadal climate variations in the tropical Pacific

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neill S. Cooper ◽  
Kim D. B. Whysall ◽  
Grant R. Bigg
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Pacific ◽  
Climate Variations ◽  
Decadal Climate ◽  
The Tropical Pacific

scholarly journals Seasonal-to-Decadal Predictability and Prediction of South American Climate

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (23) ◽  
pp. 5988-6004 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Nobre ◽  
J. A. Marengo ◽  
I. F. A. Cavalcanti ◽  
G. Obregon ◽  
V. Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
South Atlantic Convergence Zone ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
South American ◽  
Climate Variations ◽  
Seasonal Climate ◽  
Tropical Ssts ◽  
Decadal Climate

Abstract The dynamical basis for seasonal to decadal climate predictions and predictability over South America is reviewed. It is shown that, while global tropical SSTs affect both predictability and predictions over South America, the current lack of SST predictability over the tropical Atlantic represents a limiting factor to seasonal climate predictions over some parts of the continent. The model’s skill varies with the continental region: the highest skill is found in the “Nordeste” region and the lowest skill over southeastern Brazil. It is also suggested that current two-tier approaches to predict seasonal climate variations might represent a major limitation to forecast coupled ocean–atmosphere phenomena like the South Atlantic convergence zone. Also discussed are the possible effects of global climate change on regional predictability of seasonal climate.

North Atlantic Oscillation; a Climatic Indicator to Predict Hydropower Availability in Scandinavia

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 415-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cintia B. Uvo ◽  
Ronny Berndtsson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
The World ◽  
Hydropower Production ◽  
Precipitation And Temperature

Climate variability and climate change are of great concern to economists and energy producers as well as environmentalists as both affect the precipitation and temperature in many regions of the world. Among those affected by climate variability is the Scandinavian Peninsula. Particularly, its winter precipitation and temperature are affected by the variations of the so-called North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The objective of this paper is to analyze the spatial distribution of the influence of NAO over Scandinavia. This analysis is a first step to establishing a predictive model, driven by a climatic indicator such as NAO, for the available water resources of different regions in Scandinavia. Such a tool would be valuable for predicting potential of hydropower production one or more seasons in advance.

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