Transport of Escherichia coli strains isolated from spring water

2012 ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
G Lutterodt ◽  
M Basnet ◽  
J Foppen ◽  
S Uhlenbrook
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Spring Water

Behavior of Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli in Bottled Spring and Mineral Water†

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
PRADEEP VASUDEVAN ◽  
THIRUNAVUKKARASU ANNAMALAI ◽  
LUIGI SARTORI ◽  
THOMAS HOAGLAND ◽  
KUMAR VENKITANARAYANAN
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Storage Temperatures

The ability of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) to survive in bottled mineral and spring water at common storage temperatures was investigated. Filtered mineral and spring waters were inoculated with EAEC (ca. 104 CFU/ml) and stored at 4, 10, and 23°C. Water samples were analyzed every 3 days for viable EAEC by plating on tryptic soy agar plates over 60 days of storage. EAEC survived for the duration of the study in both mineral and spring waters. EAEC survival levels were significantly higher (P < 0.01) at 23 and 10°C than at 4°C. Furthermore, EAEC survival levels were significantly higher (P < 0.01) in mineral water than in spring water at 4 and 10°C. The results of this study indicate that EAEC can survive in bottled mineral and spring waters for long periods of storage at 4, 10, and 23°C. The ability of EAEC to survive in bottled water indicates that the source water for bottling industries must be kept free of contamination. Furthermore, the refrigeration of bottled water is recommended to minimize the growth of EAEC in water.

Transport of Escherichia coli strains isolated from natural spring water

2012 ◽  
Vol 140-141 ◽  
pp. 12-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Lutterodt ◽  
J.W.A. Foppen ◽  
S. Uhlenbrook
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Natural Spring Water ◽  
Natural Spring

scholarly journals Identification of Fecal Input Sites in Spring Water by Selection and Genotyping of Multiresistant Escherichia coli

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (23) ◽  
pp. 8427-8433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Wicki ◽  
Fatma Karabulut ◽  
Adrian Auckenthaler ◽  
Richard Felleisen ◽  
Marcel Tanner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Source Tracking ◽  
Molecular Fingerprinting ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multiresistant Bacteria ◽  
Selective Agar

ABSTRACTThe localization of fecal input sites is important for water quality management. For this purpose, we have developed a new approach based on a three-step procedure, including a preparatory phase, the screening of multiresistant bacteria using selective agar plates, and a typing phase where selectedEscherichia coliisolates are characterized by antibiotic resistance profiles and molecular fingerprinting techniques (pulsed-field gel electrophoresis [PFGE]). These two well-known source tracking methods were combined in order to reduce cost and effort. This approach was successfully applied under field conditions in a study area located in the north-western part of Switzerland.E. coliisolates from spring water and surface water samples collected in this area were screened with selective agar plates. In this way, 21 different groups, each consisting of strains with the same pattern of antibiotic resistance, were found. Of these, four groups were further analyzed using PFGE. Strains with identical PFGE profiles were detected repeatedly, demonstrating the suitability of this method for the localization of fecal input sites over an extended period of time. Identical PFGE patterns of strains detected in water from two different springs were also found in the stream flowing through the study area. These results demonstrated the applicability of the new approach for the examination of incidents of fecal contamination in drinking water. The advantages of the described approach over genotyping methods currently being used to identify sources of fecal contaminants are a reduction in time, costs, and the effort required. Identical isolates could be identified without the construction of large libraries.

scholarly journals Physicochemical and microbiological profile of the potable water of Eastern Himalayan State Sikkim: An Indication of Severe Fecal Contamination and Immediate Health Risk

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Kumar Singh ◽  
Saurav Das ◽  
Samer Singh ◽  
Nilu Pradhan ◽  
Santosh Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Fecal Contamination ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
The State ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Topological Features ◽  
Household Water

Increasing population, rapid urbanization and climate change have immensely affected the freshwater sources around the world. The continuous decline in the number of natural potable water sources raises serious concern about the overall health of the human population. Developing countries are the most affected in this regard due to lack of proper hygienic maintenance protocols. Sikkim an Eastern Himalayan state with mountains as predominant topological features, harbors several natural spring water (SW). These spring waters are the primary source of potable water for the population in the four districts of the state viz. East (E), West (W), South (S) and North (N). Several incidences of water-borne diseases and the relative lack of scientific evaluation reports on the water quality of the area have educed this study. Lack of any standard filtration and purification practice among the population is one of the prime factors for the outspread of different waterborne pathogen in the state. The people of the state mostly use boiling as a dominant method of water purification, while only a small percentage of people in the West district were found to use modern standard purification system (W = 30%). The rainy season was found to be the major contributor of different diseases (E = 86%; W=100%; S=100%; N=80%) and statistical analysis of the fecal coliforms of the different season also indicated a significant difference at p < 0.05. There was no statistical significance among the physicochemical parameter of the SW but surprisingly the water from the four districts was recorded with traces of highly toxic heavy metals like mercury/WHO limit (0.001-0.007mg/l/0.001) as well as lead/WHO limit (0.001-0.007mg/l/0.05) and selenium/WHO limit (0.526-0.644 mg/l/0.01) which was above the WHO permissible limit. Piper analysis showed that water was dominated by cation sodium ion (Na+) and bicarbonate (HCO3-) anion and the water can be categorized as Mg-HCO3- type. Pairwise Pearson correlation showed a significant correlation between Electrical conductivity and TDS (r = 0.998/1.00) as well as alkalinity and turbidity (0.993/1.00). The microbial confirmatory test showed severity in fecal contamination with high counts of Total Coliform (TC), Escherichia coli (EC) and Enterococcus (EN). Highest TC was recorded from W (37.26/ml) and lowest in N (22.13/ ml) in spring water. Highest contamination of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus was found in E (EC = 8.7/ml; EN = 2.08/ml) followed by S (EC = 8.4/ml and EN = 2.05/ml). It was found that community reservoir (CR) tank was more contaminated than SP, which indicates the negligence in maintenance and fecal contamination during transportation to the reservoir. Though household water was least contaminated compared to CR and SP, but it fails in WHO standard criteria for drinking water. These results indicate an immediate health risk of the resident of the state and which needs to be taken care of sooner as possible by protecting the important potable sources with required policies and regulations. Keywords: Sikkim, Springs, Community reservoir, Household water, pH, TDS, Alkalinity, E. coli, Enterococcus, Total coliform, Correlation coefficient.

scholarly journals HYDROCHEMICAL AND SANITARY MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH OF THE ELENA HILL SPRING WATERS IN THE NAKHUNAO COMMUNITY OF MARTVILI MUNICIPALITY

World Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (6(58)) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Manuchar Chiqovani ◽  
Manoni Gabelashvili ◽  
Marisabel Zarqua ◽  
Nana Megrelishvili
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Ionic Content ◽  
Facultative Anaerobes ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Good Repeatability ◽  
Microbiological Research

Hydrochemical and sanitary microbiological research of the Elena Hill spring waters in the Nakhunao community of Martvili Municipality was done for the first time.The content of Mg2+, Ca2+, Fe3+, HCO3-, Cl-, I- ions was determined. Relatively simple and quick chemical and physico-chemical methods of good repeatability were selected for determination. Biogenic substances were determined by photometric method.Carbon dioxide, oxygen BOD5 and dry remains were also identified. Sanitary-microbiological studies were performed using the following methods: mesophilic aerobes and facultative anaerobes: МУК, 2.1.4 1184-03, common coliform bacteria − МУК 4.2. 1018-01 and Escherichia coli − 18963-73. Based on the experimental data, it was found that the spring water that being researched is low-mineralized, which is why their reaction is almost neutral. The above-mentioned ionic content in the studied spring waters is within the norm, and in some samples (mesophilic aerobes and facultative anaerobes, common coliform bacteria) are established that microbiological, such a marginal concentration of pollution that is harmless for human health and its use in drinking and agricultural terms is within the norm.

Structural organization of escherichia coli ribosomes as determined by immuno electron microscopy

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Stöffler ◽  
R.W. Bald ◽  
J. Dieckhoff ◽  
H. Eckhard ◽  
R. Lührmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Antibody Binding ◽  
Immuno Electron Microscopy

A central step towards an understanding of the structure and function of the Escherichia coli ribosome, a large multicomponent assembly, is the elucidation of the spatial arrangement of its 54 proteins and its three rRNA molecules. The structural organization of ribosomal components has been investigated by a number of experimental approaches. Specific antibodies directed against each of the 54 ribosomal proteins of Escherichia coli have been performed to examine antibody-subunit complexes by electron microscopy. The position of the bound antibody, specific for a particular protein, can be determined; it indicates the location of the corresponding protein on the ribosomal surface.The three-dimensional distribution of each of the 21 small subunit proteins on the ribosomal surface has been determined by immuno electron microscopy: the 21 proteins have been found exposed with altogether 43 antibody binding sites. Each one of 12 proteins showed antibody binding at remote positions on the subunit surface, indicating highly extended conformations of the proteins concerned within the 30S ribosomal subunit; the remaining proteins are, however, not necessarily globular in shape (Fig. 1).

Sites of Adsorption of the Bacteriophages T3 and T5 on the Wall of Escherichia Coli B.

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 96-97
Author(s):  
Manfred E. Bayer
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Receptor Sites ◽  
Rigid Cell Wall ◽  
Host Cell Surface ◽  
Bacterial Viruses ◽  
Escherichia Coli B

Bacterial viruses adsorb specifically to receptors on the host cell surface. Although the chemical composition of some of the cell wall receptors for bacteriophages of the T-series has been described and the number of receptor sites has been estimated to be 150 to 300 per E. coli cell, the localization of the sites on the bacterial wall has been unknown.When logarithmically growing cells of E. coli are transferred into a medium containing 20% sucrose, the cells plasmolize: the protoplast shrinks and becomes separated from the somewhat rigid cell wall. When these cells are fixed in 8% Formaldehyde, post-fixed in OsO4/uranyl acetate, embedded in Vestopal W, then cut in an ultramicrotome and observed with the electron microscope, the separation of protoplast and wall becomes clearly visible, (Fig. 1, 2). At a number of locations however, the protoplasmic membrane adheres to the wall even under the considerable pull of the shrinking protoplast. Thus numerous connecting bridges are maintained between protoplast and cell wall. Estimations of the total number of such wall/membrane associations yield a number of about 300 per cell.

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