Geochemical modeling of water chemistry evolution in the Guarani Aquifer System in São Paulo, Brazil

2011 ◽  
pp. 281-286
Keyword(s):  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Geochemical Modeling ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Guarani Aquifer ◽  
Water Chemistry Evolution

The Guarani Aquifer System – from regional reserves to local use

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. qjegh2020-091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Hirata ◽  
Stephen Foster
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Guarani Aquifer ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
Local Use ◽  
Active Flow ◽  
Groundwater Body

The Guarani Aquifer System is a massive groundwater body underlying large areas of Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Argentina, with a thickness of 50–600 m (averaging about 250 m). It is one of the world's largest sandstone aquifers. The mainly weakly-cemented sandstones were formed by aeolian, fluvial and lacustrine continental deposition during the Triassic–Jurassic period and are overlain by extensive Cretaceous basalt lava-flows. The system is totally storage-dominated, with recharge amounting to only about 0.2% of the estimated 30 000 km3 of water stored. Using 14C and81Kr techniques, it was possible to confirm extremely slow flow rates, with groundwater older than 730 000 years BP in some parts of São Paulo State, Brazil. The vast regional freshwater storage contrasts sharply with localized active flow systems of recharge areas, which are strongly impacted by land-use change. The aquifer is the best known and most exploited in São Paulo State (80% of total extraction) and the experience of groundwater use for the supply of Ribeirão Preto and São José do Rio Preto (both with populations of over 0.5 million), together with one transboundary urban area, will be summarized.Thematic collection: This article is part of the Hydrogeology of Sandstone collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/hydrogeology-of-sandstone

scholarly journals Groundwater resources in the State of São Paulo (Brazil): the application of indicators

2007 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Hirata ◽  
Alexandra Suhogusoff ◽  
Amélia Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Land Occupation ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Contaminant Loads ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Guarani Aquifer

Indicators, for groundwater resources, have mostly been employed to define the present status and the degradation tendency, regarding both quantity (under- or overexploitation) and quality (natural and anthropic contamination). This work presents the application of indicators in order to draw a picture of the groundwater resources situation in the 22 Water Resource Management Units (WRMU) of the State of São Paulo. The seven Indicators (I1 to I7) applied provide a general overview of groundwater dependence (I1, I2), availability (I3, I4), and quality (I5, I6, I7). Considering public supply (Indicator 1), one observes that 9 WRMUs show high (>50% of the population supplied by groundwater), 6, intermediate (49-25%), and 7, low (<24%) dependence on groundwater. Indicators 3 and 4 show that the resource still presents a great potential for further abstractions in most of the WRMUs, although there is evidence of overexploitation in the Upper Tietê, Turvo/Grande, and Pardo basins, and low availability in the Upper Tietê, Piracicaba/Capivari/Jundiai, and Turvo/Grande. Indicator 5 (aquifer natural vulnerability) denotes that the WRMUs 2, 4, 8, 13, 14 and 18-22 (part of the recharge area of Guarani Aquifer System) need more attention mainly where large contaminant loads are present. Indicator 6 shows the general excellent natural quality of groundwater, although it also denotes that 3 WRMUs need special consideration due to chromium and fluoride contamination. Indicator 7 demonstrates a close relationship between groundwater contamination occurrence and density/type of land occupation.

Relation between sedimentary framework and hydrogeology in the Guarani Aquifer System in São Paulo state, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Hirata ◽  
Ana Gesicki ◽  
Ondra Sracek ◽  
Reginaldo Bertolo ◽  
Paulo César Giannini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Guarani Aquifer ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
Sedimentary Framework

scholarly journals Vegetation coverage in hydrographic basins in the central region of the State of São Paulo, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 709-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Bertini ◽  
AT Fushita ◽  
MIS Lima
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Visual Interpretation ◽  
Recharge Area ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Guarani Aquifer ◽  
Landscape Units

AbstractVegetation coverage can be inappropriately used, especially in the absence of proper planning, and can result in a reduction of the occupied area. Demographic and economic alterations are factors that contribute to the degradation of vegetation coverage in landscape units. In addition, because vegetation is essential for protection of recharge areas in aquifers, the fragmentation of habitats in hydrographic basins causes changes in climate temperature, soil erosion, eutrophication, and siltation of watercourses. This study analyzed the vegetation coverage from the municipality of São Carlos, State of São Paulo (SP) to assess the environmental quality of water resources in the hydrographic basins and sub-basins, in the Guarani Aquifer System. The vegetation coverage was analyzed in three scales: municipality, Hydric Resource Management Units (UGRHIs), and hydrographic sub-basins based on map overlapping from the LAPA/UFSCar Digital Cartographic Collection and visual interpretation of LANDSAT 5, TM sensor, Path 220, row 075 on satellite images. The municipality of São Carlos has vegetation coverage of 31,776.4 hectares, in which 57% is classified as preserved vegetation typology, and 58% is over the Guarani aquifer recharge area. The vegetation coverage with savannas, riparian forests, and mesophyll forests represented 28% of the total studied area and is located over 28.3% of the Guarani aquifer recharge area extension. The Permanent preservation areas (PPAs) represent 21.6% of the total vegetation coverage with 51% of it being vegetated. The municipality has a total of 686 springs (Topographic maps of IBGE, escale 1:50,000) distributed on an average of 60 springs per km2; 40% of these are protected by vegetation.

scholarly journals ÁREAS DE AFLORAMENTO DO AQUÍFERO GUARANI (SP) E POLÍTICAS DE RECURSOS HÍDRICOS: medidas para gestão

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Flavia Darre Barbosa ◽  
Anayra Giacomelli Lamas Alcantara ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Moschini ◽  
Érica Pugliesi ◽  
Mauricio José Rosso Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Management Units ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Guarani Aquifer ◽  
Decentralized Management

O estudo procurou entender como é tratada a questão das águas subterrâneas, sobretudo das áreas de afloramento do Sistema Aquífero Guarani no estado de São Paulo nas Unidades de Gerenciamento de Recursos Hídricos Pardo e Tietê/Jacaré, em relação às Legislações de Recursos Hídricos nacional e estadual, e de que forma estas áreas são consideradas na gestão destas unidades. Para tanto, realizou uma revisão bibliográfica a respeito das leis brasileiras e paulistas de recursos hídricos, e pesquisa documental no portal do Sistema de Informação e Gerenciamento de Recursos Hídricos. Como principal resultado, foi possível verificar que as águas subterrâneas, principalmente na área de afloramento do SAG, ainda são abordadas de forma superficial, não havendo as garantias necessárias para que a gestão integrada e descentralizada dos recursos hídricos ocorra de maneira efetiva.Palavras-chave: Água subterrânea. Aquífero guarani. Políticas de recursos hídricos. Área de afloramento. Unidades de Gerenciamento de Recursos Hídricos do Estado de São Paulo.OUTCROPS AREAS OF THE GUARANI AQUIFER (SP) AND WATER RESOURCES POLICIES: measures for managementAbstractThe research sought to understand how the Water Resources Legislation addresses the management of outcrop areas of the Guarani Aquifer System in the state of São Paulo, specifically in the Pardo and Tietê/Jacaré Water Resources Management Units. Therefore, a bibliographical review was carried out regarding the Brazilian and São Paulo laws of water resources, as well as a documentary research in the portal of the System of Information and Management of Water Resources. As a main result it was possible to verify that groundwater, mainly in the outcrop area of the SAG, is still superficially addressed, and there is no guarantee that the integrated and decentralized management of water resources will be effectible apply.Keywords: Groundwater. Guarani aquifer. Water resources policies. Outcrops. Water Resources Management Units (UGRHIS) of the State of São Paulo.

scholarly journals HYDROSEDIMENTOLOGICAL DYNAMICS IN THE GUARANI AQUIFER SYSTEM, RIBEIRÃO PRETO, STATE OF SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquim Ernesto Bernardes AYER ◽  
Ronaldo Luiz MINCATO ◽  
Luca LAMMLE ◽  
Luis Felipe Pigatto Miranda SILVA ◽  
Danilo Francisco Trovo GAROFALO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Guarani Aquifer

scholarly journals ANALYSES OF WATER TABLE DEPTHS VARIATIONS IN AN OUTCROP AREA OF THE GUARANI AQUIFER SYSTEM IN BROTAS/SP-BRAZIL

Irriga ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-197
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Lilla Manzione ◽  
Bruna Camargo Soldera ◽  
Claudiane Otilia Paes ◽  
Edson Wendland
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
State University ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Guarani Aquifer ◽  
São Paulo State

ANALYSES OF WATER TABLE DEPTHS VARIATIONS IN AN OUTCROP AREA OF THE GUARANI AQUIFER SYSTEM IN BROTAS/SP-BRAZIL  RODRIGO LILLA MANZIONE 1; BRUNA CAMARGO SOLDERA 2; CLAUDIANE OTILIA PAES 3 E EDSON WENDLAND 4 1 UNESP/OURINHOS – São Paulo State University, Ourinhos, SP, Brazil. Email: [email protected] UNESP/FCA – São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. Email: [email protected] UNESP/FCA – São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. Email: [email protected] Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation – USP/EESC – University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil. Email: [email protected]  1 ABSTRACT Several factors may influence variations in ground water levels. Some of these factors present static behavior while others present dynamic changes over time. The differences in management operations in agricultural sites, plant development and agricultural practices have direct impact on the unsaturated zone, as the levels of recharge and water tables can respond differently due to local conditions.  Different information sources may be used and integrated in a statistical model to reveal the responses of ground water levels under certain conditions.  Understanding these processes involves meeting a way of representing correlated variables together to form a new and smaller set of derived variables with minimum loss of information, removing redundancy or duplication.  The objective of this study was to analyze the variations in water table depths using information from a groundwater monitoring network     in an outcrop area of the Guarani Aquifer System (GAS) in Brotas, São Paulo, Brazil, associated with soil, vegetation and  terrain variables,  which possibly influence the  groundwater dynamics.   A factorial analysis was applied to identify the underlying factors which would   explain    this pattern of correlation   within these sets of   study variables.  The main factors influencing the variations in   water table over the monitoring period were as follows:  sand particle size, terrain   attributes, soil texture, soil and crop management and vegetation. This methodology can be useful for groundwater management, policy making and regulation of soil use in watersheds, and regional studies, for example, maximizing information in data analysis. Keywords: factorial analysis, statistical modeling, recharge, Brazil  MANZIONE, R.L.; SOLDERA, B.C.; PAES, C.O.; WENDLAND, E.ANÁLISES DAS VARIAÇÕES DOS NÍVEIS FREÁTICOS EM UMA ÁREA DE AFLORAMENTO DO SISTEMA AQUÍFERO GUARANI EM BROTAS/SP-BRASIL  2 RESUMO Diversos fatores influenciam as variações de níveis freáticos. Alguns desses fatores apresentam comportamento estático enquanto outros apresentam mudanças dinâmicas ao longo do tempo. As diferenças nas operações de manejo do solo em áreas agrícolas, desenvolvimento de plantas e práticas agrícolas tem impactos diretos na zona não saturada uma vez que os níveis de recarga e lençóis freáticos podem responder a condições locais. Diferentes fontes de informação podem ser usadas e integradas em um modelo estatístico para revelar a resposta dos níveos de águas subterrâneas sob certas condições. Entender esses processos envolve encontrar uma maneira de representar variáveis correlacionadas juntas para formar um novo e menor conjunto de variáveis derivadas com uma perda mínima de informação, removendo redundâncias ou duplicações. O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar as variações dos níveis freáticos usando informações de uma rede de monitoramento de águas subterrâneas em uma área de afloramento do Sistema Aquífero Guarani (SAG) em Brotas, São Paulo, Brasil associadas a variáveis de solo, vegetação e terreno que possivelmente influenciem a dinâmica das águas subterrâneas. Foi aplicada a análise fatorial para identificar fatores que expliquem o padrão de correlação entre esse conjunto de variáveis observadas. Os principais fatores influenciando a variação dos níveis freáticos durante o período monitorado foi o tamanho da fração areia, atributos de terreno, textura do solo, manejo dos solos e culturas e vegetação. Essa metodologia pode ser útil para a gestão das águas subterrâneas, formulação de políticas e regulação do uso do solo em bacias hidrográficas e estudos regionais, por exemplo, maximizando as informações na análise de dados. Palavras-chave: análise fatorial, modelagem estatística, recarga, Brasil

Assessment of groundwater recharge along the Guarani aquifer system outcrop zone in São Paulo State (Brazil): an important tool towards integrated management

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Vituri Santarosa ◽  
Didier Gastmans ◽  
Tatiana Penteado Sitolini ◽  
Roberto Eduardo Kirchheim ◽  
Sebastian Balbin Betancur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Guarani Aquifer ◽  
São Paulo State

scholarly journals Hydrogeochemical modeling of fluoride contents in groundwater in outcrop area of Guarani Aquifer System, southern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-82
Author(s):  
Thiago Boeno Patricio Luiz ◽  
José Luiz Silvério da Silva ◽  
Leônidas Luiz Volcato Descovi Filho
Keyword(s):  
Geochemical Modeling ◽  
Mineral Dissolution ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Tectonic Structures ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Mineral Equilibrium ◽  
Tube Wells ◽  
Guarani Aquifer ◽  
High Fluoride ◽  
Definition Of

Groundwater quality problems with high fluoride contents were studied in an outcrop area on a portion of Guarani Aquifer System (GAS), in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. The methodology was based on the evaluation of tectonic structures lineaments and geochemical modeling of 13 groundwater physical-chemical data with anomalies of fluoride from tube wells. The lineaments trace and speciation code PHREEQC 3.3.5 used suggest the occurrence of distinct mineralogical contributions, in which the precipitation of carbonate minerals from the mineral structure of the GAS sandstone and cation exchange play a fundamental role in the hydrogeochemistry of fluoride. The results were analyzed by the main transects, which allowed the definition of characteristics of mineral dissolution and precipitation in the environment. The halite and sylvite showed dissolution tendencies along the traced transects, towards the mineral equilibrium. The fluorite mineral presented undersaturation with tendencies to mineral equilibrium and, possibly, precipitation in the most salinized waters. The applied methodology allowed the extraction of information for a better understanding of the hydrogeochemical dynamics of salinized waters and their water/rock interactions in outcrop area of the GAS, constituting a material to support the research of anomalous fluoride concentrations in groundwater and the practices of management of this important aquifer system.

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