Integrating GIS and Phylogenetic Biogeography to Assess Species-Level Biogeographic Patterns: A Case Study of Late Devonian Faunal Dynamics

2011 ◽  
pp. 131-158
Keyword(s):  
Species Level ◽  
Late Devonian ◽  
Biogeographic Patterns

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF TIDAL AND RAINFALL CYCLES ON INTERTIDAL NEMATODES: A CASE STUDY IN A TROPICAL SANDY BEACH

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virag Venekey ◽  
Paulo Jorge Parreira dos Santos ◽  
Verônica Gomes da Fonsêca-Genevois
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Cycle ◽  
Sandy Beach ◽  
Assemblage Structure ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Nematode Assemblage ◽  
Tidal Cycles ◽  
Clear Identification ◽  
Rainfall Flood

The present study describes the nematode assemblage of the bay of Tamandaré (Brazil), a tropical sandy beach, during the low, flood, high and ebb tides of two consecutive tidal cycles in four different months of the year (May, July, September and November). The nematode assemblage was dominated by Metachromadora and Perepsilonema and varied significantly between months and tides. Densities were lower in July, and changes in assemblage structure occurred during the transitional periods between rainy and dry months, which showed the influence of rainfall. Flood and ebb tides appeared to exercise the greatest influences over the tidal cycle, although the patterns were not very clear. Identification at genera/species level is recommended for future studies, to better understand the patterns of nematode assemblages during tidal cycles.

Paleoecology and Predominance Facies of Late Devonian Foraminifera in Successions of the Catskill Delta Complex, Western New York, U.S.A.

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-45
Author(s):  
Isabelle Li ◽  
Kimberly Bartlett ◽  
Cody Kowalski ◽  
Paul Bembia ◽  
Kimberly C. Meehan
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Appalachian Basin ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Late Devonian ◽  
Feeding Mode ◽  
Mode Identification ◽  
Crisis Events ◽  
Depth Zonation

ABSTRACT Beyond yielding signals of extinction or stressed ecological conditions, modern and ancient foraminiferal assemblages reflect specific marine depositional environments and depths. Foraminiferal predominance facies and benthic foraminiferal depth zonation has been successfully used to identify specific marine environments dating back to the Carboniferous. Using insights from modern equivalents, correlative assemblages allow for paleoecological analysis and insights. Middle to Late Devonian (Frasnian) black and gray shale beds of western New York contain hundreds of diminutive calcareous and agglutinated foraminifera. The genera within these beds are reminiscent of shallow modern predominance facies. These foraminiferal assemblages and their associated predominance facies correlate well with prior lithologic and geochemical investigations that establish this portion of the Appalachian Basin as a deltaic setting but suggest it is likely inner neritic zone. Dominant genera include several species of Ammobaculites and Saccammina which suggest that paleodepths did not exceed 50 m throughout the Frasnian. Opportunistic genera reflect a muted crisis associated with the punctata isotopic event (Rhinestreet Event) and Lower Kellwasser (Pipe Creek) events. While there are definite shifts in the diversity of assemblages between gray and black shale, the foraminiferal type and feeding mode, indicative of depth and oxygen availability respectively, there is little variation between the distinct shale units. No significance was found between total organic carbon and foraminiferal type of feeding mode. Identification at the species level is problematic but assemblages at the genus-level suggest that the depositional environment was stressed. However, the effects of these marine crisis events were not significant for these foraminifera in comparison to those frequently reported; we found no local extinction for foraminifera at least through the lower Hanover Shale, just prior to the Hangenberg marine crisis event, within this deltaic complex of the Appalachian Basin in western New York.

scholarly journals A generic workflow for Single Locus Sequence Typing (SLST) design and subspecies characterization of microbiota

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. A. Ederveen ◽  
Jos P. H. Smits ◽  
Karima Hajo ◽  
Saskia van Schalkwijk ◽  
Tessa A. Kouwenhoven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Inference ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Single Locus ◽  
Bioinformatics Pipeline ◽  
Discriminative Ability ◽  
Staphylococcus Capitis ◽  
Complex Microbial Community ◽  
Reference Genomes

AbstractWe present TaxPhlAn, a new method and bioinformatics pipeline for design and analysis of single-locus sequence typing (SLST) markers to type and profile bacteria beyond the species-level in a complex microbial community background. TaxPhlAn can be applied to any group of phylogenetically-related bacteria, provided reference genomes are available. As TaxPhlAn requires the SLST targets identified to fit the phylogenetic pattern as determined through comprehensive evolutionary reconstruction of input genomes, TaxPhlAn allows for the identification and phylogenetic inference of new biodiversity. Here, we present a clinically relevant case study of high-resolution Staphylococcus profiling on skin of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. We demonstrate that SLST enables profiling of cutaneous Staphylococcus members at (sub)species level and provides higher resolution than current 16S-based techniques. With the higher discriminative ability provided by our approach, we further show that the presence of Staphylococcus capitis on the skin together with Staphylococcus aureus associates with AD disease.

Floristics and biodiversity research in Australia: the 21st century

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
J. G. West
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Functioning ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Biogeographic Patterns ◽  
Biodiversity Research ◽  
Australian Plant ◽  
Plant Groups ◽  
Real Challenge

Australian botany has reached the point where the vascular flora of this country is relatively well documented; we have sound basic information on what species are present, and where they occur (geographically and ecologically). The real challenge facing plant systematists now is to grasp the inspiring opportunities that exist in the areas of floristics and biodiversity research. The time has come to capitalise on the enormous existing knowledge base. This includes ‘mobilising’ the data we have and promoting potential usage by making clients aware of the quality and nature of the information. Australia has the international-level expertise and the institutional mechanisms to make this happen. We need to build political goodwill within State and Commonwealth agencies to develop strong national linkages. This would enhance the accessibility and applicability of existing baseline datasets, e.g. specimen and taxon databases should be transparently interchangeable and readily available to all potential clients. Although our basic floristic knowledge is good, our understanding of phylogenetic, evolutionary and biogeographic patterns of major Australian plant groups is lacking. Such analyses will ensure accurate predictions and advice on conservation and exploitation of elements of the flora. Future research should concentrate on understanding the processes operating at the genetic and species level in order to answer critical questions about ecosystem functioning. Modern technology will be utilised, particularly in information systems and molecular techniques. Systematists have a clear obligation under the National Biodiversity Strategy to contribute information essential to conservation of biodiversity and to land-use decision making.

Using higher taxa as surrogates of species-level data in three Portuguese protected areas: a case study on Spheciformes (Hymenoptera)

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 3467-3486 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Vieira ◽  
N. G. Oliveira ◽  
C. C. Brewster ◽  
S. F. Gayubo
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Higher Taxa ◽  
Level Data
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