Gas Manufacturing Processes (I): Coal Gas and Carburetted Water Gas (Lowe)

2011 ◽  
pp. 99-194
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Coal Gas ◽  
Water Gas

scholarly journals An Experiment on the Effect of Inhalation of Ethylene

1901 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lorrain Smith ◽  
A. Percy Hoskins
Keyword(s):  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Home Office ◽  
Respiration Chamber ◽  
Coal Gas ◽  
Main Series ◽  
Water Gas ◽  
A Current

The opinion has recently been expressed1 that the poisonous action of ordinary coal-gas and carburetted water-gas is probably in part due to the “Illuminant” hydro-carbons, of which ethylene is the chief, and not simply to carbonic oxide. In consequence of the doubt existing on this point one of us was asked by the recent Departmental Committee of the Home Office on Water-Gas to investigate the matter, and the results of the experiments which we were then able to make appeared in the Committee's Report2. In the main series of observations the animal was placed in a respiration chamber through which a current of air was passing at a known rate. With the current, before it entered the chamber, a known percentage of coal-gas or carburetted water-gas was mixed. It was found that whether ordinary coal-gas or carburetted water-gas was used the symptoms observed were those of carbonic oxide poisoning, and corresponded exactly to the percentages of carbonic oxide present. We also found that Benzene, which is one of the “illuminants,” is present in proportions far too small to contribute to the toxic effects of coal-gas or carburetted water-gas. Finally, we endeavoured to investigate separately the action of ethylene. The ethylene we then used was prepared in the ordinary way from sulphuric acid and alcohol, and when about 10% of the gas was mixed with air and supplied to an animal very distinct toxic symptoms were produced.

Comparative Study on Pyrolysis Characteristics of Lignite Binderless Briquette and Raw Coal

2013 ◽  
Vol 318 ◽  
pp. 303-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bang Xu ◽  
Mo Chu ◽  
Ai Bang Hong ◽  
Feng Ling Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Coal Tar ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Gas Velocity ◽  
Coal Gas ◽  
Pyrolysis Characteristics ◽  
Low Temperature Pyrolysis ◽  
Water Gas ◽  
Releasing Process

The article studies the pyrolytic properties of the binderless hot-briquetted lignite in East Mongolia during the process of middle-temperature and low-temperature pyrolysis, mainly on the law of semi-coke characteristics and the tar extracts, pyrolysis water, gas velocity, gas contents at different temperature, meanwhile compared the pyrolysis characteristics of the raw coal and briquette. The research shows that as the temperature increasing, the semi-coke yield obtained by pyrolysis of lignite briquette is nearly 6% higher than raw coal, Tar releasing is approximately equal to raw coal, the pyrolysis water yield of raw coal is about13.85% higher than the briquette, the gas yield of briquette is about 7% higher than raw coal, gas velocity of briquette is higher than raw coal, calorific value of briquette gas is about 3 MJ/Nm3 higher than raw coal, gas composition rules are approximately equal, and both with a high content of CO and H2, and as well as suitable for synthesis gas. The main process of binderless briquetting is to remove moisture from coal samples. It relatively makes gas releasing process and water-oil separation more easily and makes the gas calorific value improved.

Effect of Water Vapour on the Equilibrium Between CaO and COS in Coal Gas

1999 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloslav Hartman ◽  
Karel Svoboda ◽  
Otakar Trnka
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Carbonyl Sulfide ◽  
Water Gas Shift ◽  
Calcium Sulfide ◽  
Water Gas Shift Reaction ◽  
Coal Gas ◽  
Shift Reaction ◽  
Water Gas

The effectiveness of calcium oxide in the removal of carbonyl sulfide from coal gas is estimated by thermochemical computations. It is assumed that the gas phase composition is determined by the equilibria of the reactions of water vapour with calcium sulfide and carbonyl sulfide and by the water-gas-shift reaction. The proposed relationships can be employed in engineering considerations and calculations.

Gas Works Practice

1934 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-70
Author(s):  
F. M. Birks
Keyword(s):  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Coke Oven ◽  
Back Pressure ◽  
Thermal Balance ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Coal Gas ◽  
Mechanical Handling ◽  
Pressure Steam ◽  
Hot Coal Gas ◽  
Water Gas

Gas manufacture is generally carried out in either horizontal, continuous vertical, or intermittent vertical retorts supplemented by carburetted water-gas plant. At the present time a certain amount of gas from coke oven plants is purchased, but only one such installation is at present in use on a gas works primarily for the production of gas. All four types of carbonizing plant, together with the carburetted water-gas plant, are described briefly, and a table is put forward to show the results obtainable from them. Four thermal balance diagrams demonstrate the possibility of heat recovery from the waste flue gases, hot coke, and the hot coal gas by the generation of steam. A brief description of the various ancillary plant employed is given, whilst the production and use of steam is discussed more fully. The use of back-pressure steam is advocated and a table shows the variation of power requirements in six works, two each of the three main types of carbonizing plant. A brief description of the recently reconstructed Brentford works of the Gas Light and Coke Company shows the extent to which mechanical handling of material has been adopted.

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