Virulence of Fusarium spp. Causing Wilt Disease of Guava with Special Reference to RNAi

2011 ◽  
pp. 335-346
Author(s):  
P Jain ◽  
A Manimaran ◽  
K Turner ◽  
A O’Donovan ◽  
M Tuohy
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Fusarium Spp

scholarly journals Seleksi Bakteri Antagonis untuk Mengendalikan Layu Fusarium pada Tanaman Phalaenopsis

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ika Djatnika
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Antagonistic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Research Institute ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Bacterial Antagonists ◽  
Important Disease ◽  
Selection Of

<p>ABSTRAK. Layu Fusarium merupakan penyakit penting yang menjadi kendala dalam memproduksi tanaman anggrek. Untuk mengendalikannya,  petani masih menggunakan fungsida. Tanaman anggrek kerap ditampilkan sebagai hiasan yang dekat dengan lingkungan manusia, maka penggunaan pestisida perlu diperhatikan. Oleh karena itu sangat penting dicari cara pengendalian lainnya yang aman terhadap lingkungan, antara lain dengan  pengendalian hayati. Tujuan penelitian ialah mendapatkan isolat bakteri antagonis yang dapat mengendalikan layu Fusarium pada tanaman Phalaenopsis. Percobaan dilakukan di Laboratorium dan Rumah Kasa Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias Segunung (1100 m dpl.) serta untuk  mikrob diisolasi dari lokasi tanaman hortikultura di Jawa Barat dan DKI Jakarta, mulai Bulan Januari sampai dengan Desember 2010. Penelitian meliputi isolasi Fusarium spp. sebagai patogen pada tanaman anggrek di beberapa lokasi, isolasi bakteri antagonis, uji kemangkusan bakteri terhadap pertumbuhan Fusarium spp. di laboratorium, dan uji kemangkusan bakteri antagonis terhadap layu Fusarium di rumah kasa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyebab layu Fusarium pada tanaman Phalaenopsis ialah Fusarium oxysporum. Dari 154 isolat bakteri yang diisolasi dari lapangan, hanya ada tiga  isolat yaitu nomor B23, B 26, dan B37 yang dapat menekan pertumbuhan F. oxysporum pada media PDA. Sampai dengan pengamatan minggu ke-10 setelah inokulasi, ketiga bakteri tersebut masing-masing menekan jumlah tanaman yang terserang layu Fusarium, yaitu sebesar 46,9; 48,9; dan 65,3%, dan masing-masing menekan intensitas penyakit layu 50,5; 43,9; dan 55,1%.</p><p>ABSTRACT. Djatnika, I 2012. Selection of Antagonistic Bacteria for Controlling of Fusarium Wilt on Phalaenopsis Plants. Fusarium wilt is an important disease as constraint on production of orchid plants. The control of Fusarium wilt of orchids with fungicides often use by farmers. Orchid plants are often displayed as a decoration which is close to the human environment, so the application of pesticides have to get attention. It is therefore necessary to find another method that is safe for environments, such as using of biological control. The purpose of the study was to get isolates of  bacterial antagonists for controlling of Fusarium wilt of Phalaenopsis plants. The experiment was conducted at Laboratory and Screenhouse of Indonesian Ornamental Plant Research Institute, Segunung (1100 m asl.) and the microbes were isolated from horticultural area in West Java and DKI Jakarta since January until December 2010. The research comprised of isolation of Fusarium spp. from orchid plants in some location, isolation of bacterial antagonists, the effectiveness of the bacteria to suppress Fusarium spp. growth in laboratory, and the effectiveness of the bacteria to control Fusarium wilt on Phalaenopsis plants in the screenhouse. The results showed that the causal Fusarium wilt of Phalaenopsis plants was identified as Fusarium oxysporum. Three of 154 isolates of bacteria, i.e. isolates number of B23, B26, and B37, could suppress of F. oxysporum growth on PDA media. Observation up to 10 weeks after inoculation, the three bacteria could reduce the number of  plants attacked by Fusarium wilt , which were 46.9; 48.9; and  65.3% respectively, and each of them suppress wilt disease intensity 50.5, 43.9, and 55.1% respectively. <br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals First Report of a Wilt Disease of Hiemalis Begonias Caused by Fusarium foetens in the United States

Plant Disease ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (11) ◽  
pp. 1287-1287 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Elmer ◽  
C. Vossbrinck ◽  
D. M. Geiser
Keyword(s):  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Aerial Mycelium ◽  
The United States ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
State University ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Pennsylvania State University ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Fusarium Foetens

During 2003, 10% of the Hiemalis begonias (Begonia × hiemalis Fotsch) developed wilt symptoms in a commercial greenhouse in Connecticut. Foliage turned a dull green, and stems developed a dark watersoaked discoloration near the soil line and had vascular discoloration. Stems, petioles, and leaves collapsed and became covered with sporodochia of a Fusarium spp. Single conidia were isolated from sporodochia and cultured on carnation leaf agar (CLA) and potato dextrose agar for 10 days. Isolates resembled Fusarium oxysporum, but the profuse sporulation with minimal aerial mycelium and the rare occurrence of polyphialides was consistent with the description of F. foetens (2). A comparison of a partial sequence of the 1-α elongation factor gene showed a 100% match with F. foetens. Inocula from five isolates were grown on CLA, washed from the plate, and adjusted to 106 conidia per ml. Suspension (50 μl) was injected into stems of healthy 6-week-old Hiemalis begonias cv. Barkos (one plant per isolate). Controls received distilled water. After 4 weeks, all inoculated plants turned dark and collapsed, and the same fungus was reisolated from these plants. Control stems remained healthy. An isolate (O-2348) has been deposited at the Fusarium Research Center at Pennsylvania State University, University Park. F. foetens has recently been described in association with a new disease of Hiemalis begonias in Europe (1). References: (1) R. Schrage, Phytomedizinischen Gesellschaft 33:68, 2003. (2) H.-J. Schroers et al. Mycologia 96:393, 2004.

scholarly journals Selection of Rhizosphere Bacterial Isolates and Development of Antagonistic Bacterial-Based Formulation to Control Fusarium Wilt on Shallot

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Yadi Suryadi ◽  
Dwiningsih Susilowati ◽  
I Made Samudra
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
The North ◽  
Suspension Formulation

<p>Wilt disease caused by Fusarium spp. is a major disease in shallot-producing areas particularly in the North Coast of West Java. The research was aimed to select rhizosphere bacteria and develop an antagonistic bacterial-based formulation for its effectiveness to suppress wilt disease caused by Fusarium spp. on shallot plant under greenhouse and field trials. The field trials were carried out using randomized complete block design with four replications at the shallot farmer condition in Subang and Indramayu during the 2019 planting season. Antagonistic test of bacterial isolates from the rhizosphere showed that most of the bacterial isolates can be used as a biocontrol to Fusarium spp. pathogen. The result revealed that bacterial suspension formulation (E-76 + DBS-2 isolates) in combination with phytohormone (1:1 [v/v]) at Subang and Indramayu tended to suppress Fusarium wilt disease intensity with the disease inhibition ranging from 73.54–93.39% and 66.3–95.65%, respectively. The spraying application of formulation 2.5 ml/l was obtained as the best formula to suppress the disease. The growth and production of shallot were also affected by the application of antagonistic-bacterial formula.</p>

scholarly journals Keanekaragaman dan Patogenisitas Fusarium spp. Asal Beberapa Kultivar Pisang

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Widya Sari ◽  
Suryo Wiyono ◽  
Ali Nurmansyah ◽  
Abdul Munif ◽  
Roedhy Poerwanto
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Universal Primer ◽  
Colony Color ◽  
Important Disease ◽  
Molecular Characters

Fusarium wilt disease caused by pathogenic fungus F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense is an important disease in banana plants. This research was aimed to identifiy Fusarium spp. collected from banana plants showing wilt disease based on morphology and molecular characters.  The fungi isolates obtained was further examined for its pathogenicity and distribution in various parts of banana plants.  Based on morphological characters, i.e. growth rate, total conidia, colony color, macroconidium, microconidium, and chlamydospores, F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense can be differentiated from other species of Fusarium, but not the strain. Molecular analysis using specific primers VCG 01213/16 and Foc1/Foc 2 successfully identified 13 and 7 isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 and F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense non TR4, respectively.  Analysis using universal primer ITS4/ITS5 identified 7 isolates of F. solani, 1 isolate of F. verticillioides, and 2 isolates non Fusarium.  Infection of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 and non-TR4 were found mostly in pseudo stems, whereas F. solani and F. verticillioides dominantly colonized banana corm. Pathogenicity test showed that F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 and non-TR4 caused necrosis on corm of cv. Ambon Kuning.  Similar necrosis symptom was also observed on infection of F. solani but with less severity.

scholarly journals Fungal root endophytes from natural vegetation in Mediterranean environments with special reference to Fusarium spp

2008 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose G. Maciá-Vicente ◽  
Hans-Börje Jansson ◽  
Samir K. Abdullah ◽  
Enric Descals ◽  
Jesus Salinas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Natural Vegetation ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Root Endophytes ◽  
Mediterranean Environments ◽  
Fungal Root Endophytes

scholarly journals Assessment of Wilt Intensity and Identification of Causal Fungal and Bacterial Pathogens on Hot Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in Bako Tibbe and Nonno Districts of West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mekonnen Assefa ◽  
Woubit Dawit ◽  
Alemu Lencho ◽  
Tariku Hunduma
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Phytophthora Spp ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
On Farm

Pepper wilt disease intensity was assessed on-farm in Bako Tibbe and Nonno districts of West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia during the main cropping season of October 2012. The wilt causing pathogens were identified from 50 diseased samples collected from the two districts. Of the 120 hot pepper fields surveyed, 116 fields were found to be infected with wilt disease. The overall percent prevalence and incidence of wilt disease was 96.7 and 86.4%, respectively. Identification and pathogenicity tests revealed that Ralstonia solanacearum and four fungal wilt pathogens (Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium spp., Phytophthora spp. and Verticillium spp.) were detected in the surveyed fields. The percentage of occurrence of Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium spp., Phytophthora spp. and Verticillium spp. were 45.0, 17.48, 12.59 and 11.89%, respectively; whereas, the frequency of R. solanacearum was 100%. Wilt disease in pepper in these two districts was caused by more than one wilt causing pathogen, thus management strategies should focus on these complex pathogens.

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