Evaluation of the possible urban planning and insurance policies to create a risk reduction culture in Turkey

2010 ◽  
pp. 185-194 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Insurance Policies

scholarly journals Integrating Risk Reduction, Urban Planning and Housing: Lessons From El Salvador

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-83
Author(s):  
Christine Wamsler
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
National Level ◽  
Integral Model ◽  
Emergency Relief ◽  
Developmental Context ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Legal Frameworks

Increasingly, attention has been given to the need to mainstream risk reduction in development work in order to reduce the vulnerability of the urban poor. Using El Salvador as a case study, the paper analyses the mainstreaming process in the developmental disciplines of urban planning and housing. The overall aim is to identify how the existing separation between risk reduction, urban planning and housing can be overcome and integration achieved. Since Hurricane Mitch in 1998, and especially after the 2001 earthquakes, not only relief and development organisations, but also social housing organisations have initiated a shift to include risk reduction in their fields of action in order to address the underlying causes of urban vulnerability. The factors that triggered the process were: 1) the negative experiences of organisations with non-integral projects, 2) the organisations' increased emphasis on working with municipal development, 3) political changes at national level, and more importantly, 4) the introduction and promotion of the concept of risk reduction by international and regional aid organisations. However, required additional knowledge and institutional capacities were mainly built up independently and internally by each organisation, and not through the creation of co-operative partnerships, thus duplicating efforts and increasing ineffective competition. Whilst positive experience has been gained through the implementation of more integral projects, the creation of adequate operational, organisational, institutional and legal frameworks is still in its initial stage. Unfortunately, four years after the 2001 earthquakes, emergency relief funding for post-disaster risk reduction is coming to an end without the allocation of resources for following up and consolidating the initial process. Based on the findings, an integral model is proposed which shows how mainstreaming risk reduction in urban planning and housing could be dealt with in such a way that it becomes more integrated, inclusive and sustainable within a developmental context.

Exploring Network Analysis for Urban Planning and Disaster Risk Reduction in Informal Settlements

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-45
Author(s):  
Vicente Sandoval ◽  
Juan Pablo Sarmiento ◽  
Erick Alberto Mazariegos ◽  
Daniel Oviedo
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Centrality Measures ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Street Networks

The work explores the use of street network analysis on informal settlements and discusses the potential and limitations of this methodology to advance disaster risk reduction and urban resilience. The urban network analysis tool is used to conduct graph analysis measures on street networks in three informal settlements in the LAC region: Portmore, Jamaica; Tegucigalpa, Honduras; and Lima, Peru. Authors incorporate risk variables identified by these communities and combine them with prospective scenarios in which street networks are strategically intervened to improve performance. Authors also compute one graph index named Reach centrality. Results are presented spatially through thematic maps, and statistically by plotting cumulative distributions. Findings show that centrality measures of settlements' networks helped identify key nodes or roads that may be critical for people's daily life after disasters, and strategic to improve accessibility. The proposed methodology shows potential to inform decisions on urban planning and disaster risk reduction.

scholarly journals DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IN MALAYSIAN URBAN PLANNING

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Intan Afida Mohamad Amin ◽  
Halimaton Saadiah Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Preliminary Review ◽  
State Structure ◽  
Special Area ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Urban Population Growth

Disaster risk reduction (DRR) has become one of the main agenda at the global level. This is reflected in the 'Hyogo Framework for Action (2005- 2015) Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters’ where one of the priority actions that has been agreed is to reduce the risk factors that can induce disasters. In addition, consensus was obtained during the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development which was held in 2012 better known as Rio+20 where disaster risk reduction, resilience and risk resulting from climate change should be taken into account in urban planning. Strengthening the instruments for the implementation of disaster risk reduction and risk assessment is needed to ensure that more sustainable urban planning can be implemented in order to accommodate rapid development that goes hand in hand with rapid urban population growth in the future. This research explores the needs for disaster risk reduction in Malaysian urban planning and also explores the roles of urban planners in disaster risk reduction. Further, this study will briefly discuss on preliminary review on disaster risk reduction agendas that has been incorporated in five stages of development plans and document in Malaysian urban planning practice namely the National Physical Plan (NPP), the State Structure Plan (SSP), the Local Plan (LP), the Special Area Plan (SAP) and the Development Proposal Report (DPR).

scholarly journals DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IN MALAYSIAN URBAN PLANNING

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Intan Afida Mohamad Amin ◽  
Halimaton Saadiah Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Preliminary Review ◽  
State Structure ◽  
Special Area ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Urban Population Growth

Disaster risk reduction (DRR) has become one of the main agenda at the global level. This is reflected in the 'Hyogo Framework for Action (2005- 2015) Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters’ where one of the priority actions that has been agreed is to reduce the risk factors that can induce disasters. In addition, consensus was obtained during the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development which was held in 2012 better known as Rio+20 where disaster risk reduction, resilience and risk resulting from climate change should be taken into account in urban planning. Strengthening the instruments for the implementation of disaster risk reduction and risk assessment is needed to ensure that more sustainable urban planning can be implemented in order to accommodate rapid development that goes hand in hand with rapid urban population growth in the future. This research explores the needs for disaster risk reduction in Malaysian urban planning and also explores the roles of urban planners in disaster risk reduction. Further, this study will briefly discuss on preliminary review on disaster risk reduction agendas that has been incorporated in five stages of development plans and document in Malaysian urban planning practice namely the National Physical Plan (NPP), the State Structure Plan (SSP), the Local Plan (LP), the Special Area Plan (SAP) and the Development Proposal Report (DPR).

scholarly journals The Role of Urban Planning and Landscape Tools Concerning Flash Flood Risk Reduction Within Arid and Semiarid Regions

2021 ◽  
pp. 283-316
Author(s):  
Karim I. Abdrabo ◽  
Sameh A. Kantosh ◽  
Mohamed Saber ◽  
Tetsuya Sumi ◽  
Dina Elleithy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Semiarid Regions ◽  
Flood Risk Reduction ◽  
Arid And Semiarid

AbstractThis chapter highlights some substantial questions inquired by researchers to comprehend the flood risks (FRs) that occur in their cities as follows: (1) What is the impact of flooding on urban areas? (2) what effect does urbanization have on FR? (3) What are the existing nonstructural and structural mitigation measures for urban flooding? and (4) What is the role of urban planning and landscape tools in flood risk reduction (FRR) for cities as well as their inhabitants? The main messages in this chapter could be summarized as follows: (1) Comprehension of both the sources and types of flooding is vital if proper FRR measures are to be determined, (2) Unplanned urban growth could seriously put lives and properties at high risk (3) Land use planning and regulation, and Sustainable infrastructure for stormwater management through landscape architecture are fundamental measures for future FRR (4) The application of the urban planning approach for FRR in arid and semiarid regions has not yet received adequate attention and facing many challenges for its implementation, and finally (5) the combination of structural and nonstructural mitigation measures in spatial planning could be much more effective than using one type of measure alone.

scholarly journals Under the Volcano: Mount Mayon and Co-Volcanic Societies in the Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-29
Author(s):  
Greg Bankoff
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Volcanic Hazards ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Volcanic Soils ◽  
Under The Volcano ◽  
Agricultural Yields ◽  
Over Time

Rich volcanic soils have long attracted human settlements, which have traded the risk of eruption against the benefits of higher agricultural yields. Yet little research has been done on how societies have normalised the risks and adapted to living in proximity to volcanoes, or how those modifications, in turn, might have influenced the effects of eruptions and their consequent hazards. In short, people have co-evolved with volcanoes to create 'co-volcanic societies'. By looking closely at the Philippines and focusing on one region of southern Luzon around Mount Mayon, this article addresses the question of how people and the volcano have 'co-adapted' to living in proximity to one another over time. It also suggests that to make societies more resilient to volcanic hazards, a better understanding of this relationship is required not only to improve current disaster risk reduction policies but even to inform everyday urban planning and civil engineering decisions.

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