Heavy Metal and Selenium Distribution and Bioavailability in Contaminated Sites: A Tool for Phytoremediation

2011 ◽  
pp. 107-142
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Sites

Ecotoxicological and microbiological characterization of soils from heavy-metal- and hydrocarbon-contaminated sites

2009 ◽  
Vol 163 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 477-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grażyna A. Płaza ◽  
Grzegorz Nałęcz-Jawecki ◽  
Onruthai Pinyakong ◽  
Paul Illmer ◽  
Rosa Margesin
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Sites

scholarly journals Investigations on Engineering Properties of Solidified/Stabilized Pb-Contaminated Soil Based on Alkaline Residue

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fusheng Zha ◽  
Dongdong Pan ◽  
Long Xu ◽  
Bo Kang ◽  
Chengbin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Adsorptive Capacity ◽  
Curing Time ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hydration Products ◽  
Microstructure Characteristics

Solidification/stabilization (S/S) has been considered as one of the most effective techniques for remediation of the heavy metal-contaminated sites. Among various binders adopted in S/S, alkaline residue (AR) could be considered as a new binder to treat heavy metal-contaminated soil due to its strong adsorptive capacity for heavy metal ions. So in this paper, the strength, leaching, and microstructure characteristics of the solidified/stabilized Pb-contaminated soil by using alkaline residue are systematically investigated. Test results present that the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of the treated soil will increase, while the leached Pb2+ concentration will decrease, with the increase of the alkaline residue content in the specimen. The UCS increases significantly with the curing time increasing during the initial 28 days, after which the UCS of the specimen becomes stable. The leached Pb2+ concentration decreases significantly at the initial 28 days followed by a stable trend with curing time increasing. The UCS decreases and the leached Pb2+ concentration increases with the increase of the initial Pb2+ concentration in the specimen. The microstructural analysis performed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that the increase of the alkaline residue content and curing time will result in more hydration products and densified microstructure, which could effectively improve the engineering properties of the specimen.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Phytoremediation Potential of Castor Cultivars for Heavy Metals from Soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. KHAN ◽  
N. AHMED ◽  
W. HASSAN ◽  
T. SABA ◽  
S. KHAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Heavy Metal Uptake ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT: Phytoremediation is a useful tool to restore heavy metals contaminated soils. This study was carried out to test two castor (Ricinus communis) cultivars [Local and DS-30] for phytoextraction of heavy metals from the soil spiked by known concentrations of seven metals (Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn). A pot experiment was laid out by using a completely randomized design. Soil and plant samples were analyzed at 100 days after planting. The data on heavy metal uptake by plant tissues (roots, leaves and shoots) of the two castor cultivars suggested that a considerable amount of metals (Fe = 27.18 mg L-1; Cu = 5.06 mg L-1; Cr = 2.95 mg L-1; Mn = 0.22 mg L-1; Ni = 4.66 mg L-1; Pb = 3.33 mg L-1; Zn = 15.04 mg L-1) was accumulated in the plant biomass. The soil heavy metal content at the end of experiment significantly decreased with both cultivars, resulting in improved soil quality. Therefore, it is concluded that both castor cultivars, Local and DS-30, can be used for phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated sites.

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature and Cell Viability on Uranium Biomineralization by the Uranium Mine Isolate Penicillium simplicissimum

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Schaefer ◽  
Robin Steudtner ◽  
René Hübner ◽  
Evelyn Krawczyk-Bärsch ◽  
Mohamed L. Merroun
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Laser Fluorescence ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Uranium Mine ◽  
Penicillium Simplicissimum ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Viable Cells ◽  
Dry Biomass

The remediation of heavy-metal-contaminated sites represents a serious environmental problem worldwide. Currently, cost- and time-intensive chemical treatments are usually performed. Bioremediation by heavy-metal-tolerant microorganisms is considered a more eco-friendly and comparatively cheap alternative. The fungus Penicillium simplicissimum KS1, isolated from the flooding water of a former uranium (U) mine in Germany, shows promising U bioremediation potential mainly through biomineralization. The adaption of P. simplicissimum KS1 to heavy-metal-contaminated sites is indicated by an increased U removal capacity of up to 550 mg U per g dry biomass, compared to the non-heavy-metal-exposed P. simplicissimum reference strain DSM 62867 (200 mg U per g dry biomass). In addition, the effect of temperature and cell viability of P. simplicissimum KS1 on U biomineralization was investigated. While viable cells at 30°C removed U mainly extracellularly via metabolism-dependent biomineralization, a decrease in temperature to 4°C or use of dead-autoclaved cells at 30°C revealed increased occurrence of passive biosorption and bioaccumulation, as confirmed by scanning transmission electron microscopy. The precipitated U species were assigned to uranyl phosphates with a structure similar to that of autunite, via cryo-time-resolved laser fluorescence spectroscopy. The major involvement of phosphates in U precipitation by P. simplicissimum KS1 was additionally supported by the observation of increased phosphatase activity for viable cells at 30°C. Furthermore, viable cells actively secreted small molecules, most likely phosphorylated amino acids, which interacted with U in the supernatant and were not detected in experiments with dead-autoclaved cells. Our study provides new insights into the influence of temperature and cell viability on U phosphate biomineralization by fungi, and furthermore highlight the potential use of P. simplicissimum KS1 particularly for U bioremediation purposes.Graphical Abstract

scholarly journals A Review on the Resistance and Accumulation of Heavy Metals by Different Microbial Strains

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhuri Girdhar ◽  
Zeba Tabassum ◽  
Kopal Singh ◽  
Anand Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistance ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Polluted Sites ◽  
Pollution Accumulation ◽  
Microbial Strains

Heavy metals accumulated the earth crust and causes extreme pollution. Accumulation of rich concentrations of heavy metals in environments can cause various human diseases which risks health and high ecological issues. Mercury, arsenic, lead, silver, cadmium, chromium, etc. are some heavy metals harmful to organisms at even very low concentration. Heavy metal pollution is increasing day by day due to industrialization, urbanization, mining, volcanic eruptions, weathering of rocks, etc. Different microbial strains have developed very efficient and unique mechanisms for tolerating heavy metals in polluted sites with eco-friendly techniques. Heavy metals are group of metals with density more than 5 g/cm3. Microorganisms are generally present in contaminated sites of heavy metals and they develop new strategies which are metabolism dependent or independent to tackle with the adverse effects of heavy metals. Bacteria, Algae, Fungi, Cyanobacteria uses in bioremediation technique and acts a biosorbent. Removal of heavy metal from contaminated sites using microbial strains is cheaper alternative. Mostly species involved in bioremediation include Enterobacter and Pseudomonas species and some of bacillus species too in bacteria. Aspergillus and Penicillin species used in heavy metal resistance in fungi. Various species of the brown algae and Cyanobacteria shows resistance in algae.

scholarly journals Effects of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Heavy Metals (Pb, Zn, and Cd) on Growth and Mineral Nutrition of Pinus halepensis Seedlings in North Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2033
Author(s):  
Chadlia Hachani ◽  
Mohammed S. Lamhamedi ◽  
Claudio Cameselle ◽  
Susana Gouveia ◽  
Abdenbi Zine El Abidine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
High Concentrations

The pollution of soils by heavy metals resulting from mining activities is one of the major environmental problems in North Africa. Mycorrhizoremediation using mycorrhizal fungi and adapted plant species is emerging as one of the most innovative methods to remediate heavy metal pollution. This study aims to assess the growth and the nutritional status of ectomycorrhizal Pinus halepensis seedlings subjected to high concentrations of Pb, Zn, and Cd for possible integration in the restoration of heavy metals contaminated sites. Ectomycorrhizal and non-ectomycorrhizal P. halepensis seedlings were grown in uncontaminated (control) and contaminated soils for 12 months. Growth, mineral nutrition, and heavy metal content were assessed. Results showed that ectomycorrhizae significantly improved shoot and roots dry masses of P. halepensis seedlings, as well as nitrogen shoot content. The absorption of Pb, Zn, and Cd was much higher in the roots than in the shoots, and significantly more pronounced in ectomycorrhizal seedlings—especially for Zn and Cd. The presence of ectomycorrhizae significantly reduced the translocation factor of Zn and Cd and bioaccumulation factor of Pb and Cd, which enhanced the phytostabilizing potential of P. halepensis seedlings. These results support the use of ectomycorrhizal P. halepensis in the remediation of heavy metal contaminated sites.

scholarly journals Microbial Communities of the Drinking Water With Gradient Radon Concentration Are Primarily Contributed by Radon and Heavy Metal Content

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilak Nayak ◽  
Debjit De ◽  
Parimal Karmakar ◽  
Argha Deb ◽  
Paltu Kumar Dhal
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
The Impact

Radon and heavy metal (HM) contamination in drinking water and their impact on health have been reported earlier. However, relatively little is known about the microbial community in drinking water with gradients of radon and the drivers of microbial community patterns in such water. With this view, we first examine microbial dynamics of drinking water in the permissible level of 93 ± 2 Bq/l as control, 510 ± 1.5 6 Bq/l and 576 ± 2 Bq/l as medium, and 728 ± 3 Bq/l as high radon-containing tube wells from Dumka and Godda districts, which comes under a major fault of the eastern fringes of India. Attempts have also been made to predict the impact of the radon contamination gradient and other water environmental parameters on community structure. The measured physicochemical character revealed strong clustering by the sampling site with respect to its radon and HM content. The radon-contaminated sites represent HM-rich nutrient-limited sites compared to the control. Radon (Rn), HM (Pb, Cu, and As), and total suspended solids (TSSs) were the most determinant variable among the parameters and influenced the microbial community composition of that region. The microbial diversity of those sites was lower, and this measured diversity decreased gradually on the sites with an increased gradient of radon contamination. The dominant microbial families in the contaminated sites were Moraxellaceae, Chitinophagaceae, unclassified Candidatus Azambacteria, unclassified Candidatus Moranbacteria, unclassified Candidatus Collierbacteria, and Gammaproteobacterial members, which are reported to abundantly inhabit radiation and chemolithotrophic environments and pose better radionuclide protective mechanisms, while the bacterial members dominant in the control site were Comamonadaceae, Rhodocyclaceae, Nitrospirales Incertae Sedis, cvE6, unclassified Woesearchaeota (DHVEG-6), and Holophagaceae, which are reported to be abundant in natural soil and drinking water, and labile in harsh environments. Relative sequence abundance of Comamonadaceae was decreasing on the sites with an increasing radon gradient, while the opposite trend was observed for Chitinophagaceae. The distribution of such microbial assemblages is linked to radon and heavy metal, highlighting that taxa with distinct environmental preferences underlie apparent clustering by sites; thus, we can utilize them for biostimulation-based in situ bioremediation purposes.

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