Prospects for legume crops in France and Europe

2010 ◽  
pp. 239-242
Author(s):  
Nathalie Munier-Jolain ◽  
Benoît Carrouée
Keyword(s):  
Legume Crops

scholarly journals Comprehensive analysis and identification of drought-responsive candidate NAC genes in three semi-arid tropics (SAT) legume crops

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadhana Singh ◽  
Himabindu Kudapa ◽  
Vanika Garg ◽  
Rajeev K. Varshney
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Legume Crops ◽  
Root Tissues ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Abstract Background Chickpea, pigeonpea, and groundnut are the primary legume crops of semi-arid tropics (SAT) and their global productivity is severely affected by drought stress. The plant-specific NAC (NAM - no apical meristem, ATAF - Arabidopsis transcription activation factor, and CUC - cup-shaped cotyledon) transcription factor family is known to be involved in majority of abiotic stresses, especially in the drought stress tolerance mechanism. Despite the knowledge available regarding NAC function, not much information is available on NAC genes in SAT legume crops. Results In this study, genome-wide NAC proteins – 72, 96, and 166 have been identified from the genomes of chickpea, pigeonpea, and groundnut, respectively, and later grouped into 10 clusters in chickpea and pigeonpea, while 12 clusters in groundnut. Phylogeny with well-known stress-responsive NACs in Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa (rice), Medicago truncatula, and Glycine max (soybean) enabled prediction of putative stress-responsive NACs in chickpea (22), pigeonpea (31), and groundnut (33). Transcriptome data revealed putative stress-responsive NACs at various developmental stages that showed differential expression patterns in the different tissues studied. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to validate the expression patterns of selected stress-responsive, Ca_NAC (Cicer arietinum - 14), Cc_NAC (Cajanus cajan - 15), and Ah_NAC (Arachis hypogaea - 14) genes using drought-stressed and well-watered root tissues from two contrasting drought-responsive genotypes of each of the three legumes. Based on expression analysis, Ca_06899, Ca_18090, Ca_22941, Ca_04337, Ca_04069, Ca_04233, Ca_12660, Ca_16379, Ca_16946, and Ca_21186; Cc_26125, Cc_43030, Cc_43785, Cc_43786, Cc_22429, and Cc_22430; Ah_ann1.G1V3KR.2, Ah_ann1.MI72XM.2, Ah_ann1.V0X4SV.1, Ah_ann1.FU1JML.2, and Ah_ann1.8AKD3R.1 were identified as potential drought stress-responsive candidate genes. Conclusion As NAC genes are known to play role in several physiological and biological activities, a more comprehensive study on genome-wide identification and expression analyses of the NAC proteins have been carried out in chickpea, pigeonpea and groundnut. We have identified a total of 21 potential drought-responsive NAC genes in these legumes. These genes displayed correlation between gene expression, transcriptional regulation, and better tolerance against drought. The identified candidate genes, after validation, may serve as a useful resource for molecular breeding for drought tolerance in the SAT legume crops.

Influence of agronomic management of legume crops on soil accumulation with nitrate

2009 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard E. O’Connor ◽  
Jeffrey Evans ◽  
Scott Black ◽  
Neil Fettell ◽  
Beverley Orchard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agronomic Management ◽  
Legume Crops ◽  
Soil Accumulation

scholarly journals A microbiome engineering framework to evaluate rhizobial symbionts of legumes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenjiro W. Quides ◽  
Hagop S. Atamian
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Legume Crops ◽  
Rhizobial Inoculants

Abstract Background For well over a century, rhizobia have been recognized as effective biofertilizer options for legume crops. This has led to the widespread use of rhizobial inoculants in agricultural systems, but a recurring issue has emerged: applied rhizobia struggle to provide growth benefits to legume crops. This has largely been attributed to the presence of soil rhizobia and has been termed the ‘rhizobial competition problem.’ Scope Microbiome engineering has emerged as a methodology to circumvent the rhizobial competition problem by creating legume microbiomes that do not require exogenous rhizobia. However, we highlight an alternative implementation of microbiome engineering that focuses on untangling the complexities of the symbiosis that contribute to the rhizobial competition problem. We outline three approaches that use different starting inocula to test hypotheses to overcome the rhizobial competition problem. Conclusions The approaches we suggest are targeted at various stages of the legume-rhizobium symbiosis and will help us uncover underlying molecular mechanisms that contribute to the rhizobial competition problem. We conclude with an integrative perspective of these different approaches and suggest a path forward for future research on legumes and their complex microbiome.

Airborne multi-spectral imagery for mapping cruciferous weeds in cereal and legume crops

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Isabel de Castro ◽  
Montserrat Jurado-Expósito ◽  
José M. Peña-Barragán ◽  
Francisca López-Granados
Keyword(s):  
Legume Crops

​RCA-based Detection of Begomoviruses in Weed Ggenera Associated with Legumes in Southern Karnataka

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudeep Pandey ◽  
T.R. Girish ◽  
S. Basavaraj ◽  
A.S. Padmaja ◽  
N. Nagaraju
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Rolling Circle Amplification ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Disease ◽  
Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Legume Crops

Background: Yellow mosaic disease (YMD) caused by begomoviruses transmitted through the insect vector Bemisia tabaci poses a serious threat to the production of legume crops. Methods: Season-long surveys were carried out for YMD occurrence in six different legume crops and associated natural weeds both symptomatic and asymptomatic across the districts of southern Karnataka, India. The samples were analyzed through RCA PCR using specific primer pairs. Result: Up to 94.1 per cent YMD incidence was recorded and nine weed species were commonly found associated with legume crops. The weeds viz., Ageratum conyzoides, Alternanthera sessilis, Commelina benghalensis and Euphorbia geniculata were abundantly found in the surveyed regions. The weeds were both symptomatic and asymptomatic. Rolling circle amplification coupled polymerase chain reaction method was employed to detect yellow mosaic virus in asymptomatic weeds. Phylogenetic analysis based on the sequences of PCR amplified products of weeds and symptomatic legumes revealed a close clustering of the weed samples with horsegram yellow mosaic virus, legume yellow mosaic virus and mungbean yellow mosaic virus. Overall, our data suggests the role of weed species associated with legume crops as alternative/collateral hosts of begomoviruses and their role in the epidemiology of yellow mosaic disease.

scholarly journals Suitability of Maize-legume intercrops with optimum row ratio in mid hills of eastern Himalaya, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
VK Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Eastern Himalaya ◽  
Arunachal Pradesh ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Planting Geometry ◽  
Legume Crops ◽  
Stover Yield

Maize (Zea mays L.) being a widely space crop were tried with different combinations of legumes cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp), frenchbean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) as intercrops at different planting geometry to find out their suitability during 2009, 2010 and 2011 at eastern Himalayan, Arunachal Pradesh, India. Three experiments were carried out in sequence to identify suitable planting geometry to accommodate intercrops, screening best legume crops and subsequently best performed row ratio of maize and legume crops were intercropped in third experiment with 1:1, 1:2 and 1:5 row proportions. Sole maize gave the maximum grain yield with 4571.1 kg ha-1, whereas, stover yield was highest with maize-cowpea intercrop at 1:2 row ratios (8013.4 kg ha-1) and 57.1 kg ha-1 day-1 production efficiency followed by frenchbean and least with blackgram. Competition indices like land equivalent ratio (LER) was highest with 1:2 row ratio of maize-frenchbean (1.66), land equivalent coefficient (0.67). But, highest area time equivalent ratio (ATER) noticed with 1:2 row ratio of maizeblackgram (1.47). Relative crowding coefficient (K) and competition ratio were noticed higher with 1:2 row ratio of maize-cowpea, whereas, cowpea combinations has better crowding coefficient and blackgram combinations registered better competitiveness. Monetary advantage index (MAI) was 6433.2 with 1:2 row ratio of maize-blackgram followed by maize-cowpea and lowest with maize-frenchbean with the trend of 1:2>1:5>1:1 row ratios. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v12i2.21916 SAARC J. Agri., 12(2): 52-62 (2014)

Phosphorus benefits from grain-legume crops to subsequent maize grown on acid soils of southern Cameroon

2006 ◽  
Vol 284 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 385-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jemo ◽  
R. C. Abaidoo ◽  
C. Nolte ◽  
M. Tchienkoua ◽  
N. Sanginga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Soils ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Legume Crops ◽  
Southern Cameroon
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