Nanoscale Control of Cell–Substrate Adhesion

2010 ◽  
pp. 209-220
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Adhesion ◽  
Cell Substrate ◽  
Cell Substrate Adhesion

scholarly journals Regulation of cell-substrate adhesion by proteoglycans immobilized on extracellular substrates

1989 ◽  
Vol 264 (14) ◽  
pp. 8012-8018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Yamagata ◽  
S Suzuki ◽  
S K Akiyama ◽  
K M Yamada ◽  
K Kimata
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Adhesion ◽  
Cell Substrate ◽  
Cell Substrate Adhesion

scholarly journals A GTPase controls cell-substrate adhesion in Xenopus XTC fibroblasts.

1992 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 1235-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
M H Symons ◽  
T J Mitchison
Keyword(s):  
Control Cell ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Nucleotide Analogs ◽  
Cell Contractility ◽  
Cell Rounding ◽  
Substrate Adhesion ◽  
Cell Substrate ◽  
Adhesive Interactions ◽  
Cell Substrate Adhesion ◽  
Gamma S

Cell-substrate adhesion is crucial at various stages of development and for the maintenance of normal tissues. Little is known about the regulation of these adhesive interactions. To investigate the role of GTPases in the control of cell morphology and cell-substrate adhesion we have injected guanine nucleotide analogs into Xenopus XTC fibroblasts. Injection of GTP gamma S inhibited ruffling and increased spreading, suggesting an increase in adhesion. To further investigate this, we made use of GRGDSP, a peptide which inhibits binding of integrins to vitronectin and fibronectin. XTC fibroblasts injected with non-hydrolyzable analogs of GTP took much more time to round up than mock-injected cells in response to treatment with GRGDSP, while GDP beta S-injected cells rounded up in less time than controls. Injection with GTP gamma S did not inhibit cell rounding induced by trypsin however, showing that cell contractility is not significantly affected by the activation of GTPases. These data provide evidence for the existence of a GTPase which can control cell-substrate adhesion from the cytoplasm. Treatment of XTC fibroblasts with the phorbol ester 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate reduced cell spreading and accelerated cell rounding in response to GRGDSP, which is essentially opposite to the effect exerted by non-hydrolyzable GTP analogs. These results suggest the existence of at least two distinct pathways controlling cell-substrate adhesion in XTC fibroblasts, one depending on a GTPase and another one involving protein kinase C.

scholarly journals Identification of a new protein localized at sites of cell-substrate adhesion.

1986 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 1679-1687 ◽  
Author(s):  
M C Beckerle
Keyword(s):  
Immunoblot Analysis ◽  
Rabbit Serum ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
Dynamic Interactions ◽  
Substrate Adhesion ◽  
Cell Substrate ◽  
Filament Bundles ◽  
Cell Substrate Adhesion ◽  
Adhesion Plaque ◽  
New Protein

A new protein found at sites of cell-substrate adhesion has been identified by analysis of a nonimmune rabbit serum. By indirect immunofluorescence this serum stains focal contacts (adhesion plaques) and the associated termini of actin filament bundles in cultured chicken cells. Western immunoblot analysis of total chick embryo fibroblast protein demonstrated an 82-kD polypeptide to be the major protein recognized by the unfractionated serum. This 82-kD protein is immunologically distinct from other known adhesion plaque proteins such as vinculin, talin, alpha-actinin, and fimbrin. Antibody affinity-purified against the electrophoretically isolated, nitrocellulose-bound 82-kD protein retained the ability to stain the area of the adhesion plaque, which confirms that the 82-kD protein is indeed a constituent of the focal contact. The 82-kD polypeptide has a basic isoelectric point relative to actin and fibronectin, and it appears to be very low in abundance. The 82-kD protein is ubiquitous in chicken embryo tissues. However, it appears to be more abundant in fibroblasts and smooth muscle than in brain or liver. Intermediate levels of the protein were detected in skeletal and cardiac muscle. The subcellular distribution of the 82-kD protein raises the possibility that this polypeptide is involved in linking actin filaments to the plasma membrane at sites of substrate attachment or regulating these dynamic interactions.

scholarly journals Common and Unique Transcription Signatures of YAP and TAZ in Gastric Cancer Cells

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3667
Author(s):  
Yaelim Lee ◽  
Megan Finch-Edmondson ◽  
Hamizah Cognart ◽  
Bowen Zhu ◽  
Haiwei Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Gastric Cancer Cells ◽  
Transcriptional Targets ◽  
Substrate Adhesion ◽  
Cell Substrate ◽  
And Function ◽  
Cell Substrate Adhesion

YAP and its paralog TAZ are the nuclear effectors of the Hippo tumour-suppressor pathway, and function as transcriptional co-activators to control gene expression in response to mechanical cues. To identify both common and unique transcriptional targets of YAP and TAZ in gastric cancer cells, we carried out RNA-sequencing analysis of overexpressed YAP or TAZ in the corresponding paralogous gene-knockouts (KOs), TAZ KO or YAP KO, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of the YAP/TAZ-transcriptional targets revealed activation of genes involved in platelet biology and lipoprotein particle formation as targets that are common for both YAP and TAZ. However, the GO terms for cell-substrate junction were a unique function of YAP. Further, we found that YAP was indispensable for the gastric cancer cells to re-establish cell-substrate junctions on a rigid surface following prolonged culture on a soft substrate. Collectively, our study not only identifies common and unique transcriptional signatures of YAP and TAZ in gastric cancer cells but also reveals a dominant role for YAP over TAZ in the control of cell-substrate adhesion.

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