User Requirements toward a Real-Time Biosurveillance Program

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuwan Waidyanatha ◽  
Suma Prashant
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
User Requirements

scholarly journals Proposal of a Conceptual Architecture System for Informing the User in the IoT Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Periša ◽  
Goran Marković ◽  
Peter Kolarovszki ◽  
Radovan Madleňák
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Real Time ◽  
The Internet ◽  
User Requirements ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
System Operation ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
Time Information ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Design and development of systems for delivering real-time information to people with disabilities and elderly persons need to be based on defined user requirements. For this purpose, the user requirements have been defined in this paper according to the everyday needs of people who use traffic networks and move in closed spaces. The logical presentation of the functionality of the informing system operation and its subsystems includes all the information (data) important for designing a user information delivery system. The paper presents a conceptual architecture system for delivering user informing services related to the environment based on the Internet of Things concept. The aim of the user informing service is an increase in the level of mobility of persons with disabilities and the senior age groups of users. In order to check the operation of the proposed architecture, the informing system operation was monitored on Arduino Uno and Raspberry Pi platforms in laboratory conditions. A simulation confirmed the interdependence of individual data from different subsystems in order to provide real-time information to the system user. The proposed conceptual architecture can contribute to a more efficient approach to the modeling of assistive technologies (with the aim of informing the users) based on dew/fog/cloud technologies in the Internet of Things  environment.

New Optimal Solutions for Real-Time Reconfigurable Periodic Asynchronous OS Tasks with Minimizations of Response Times

2013 ◽  
pp. 236-274
Author(s):  
Hamza Gharsellaoui ◽  
Atef Gharbi ◽  
Olfa Mosbahi ◽  
Mohamed Khalgui ◽  
Antonio Valentini
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Scheduling Algorithm ◽  
Intelligent Agent ◽  
User Requirements ◽  
Software Faults ◽  
Temporal Properties ◽  
Run Time ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Time Systems

This chapter deals with Reconfigurable Uniprocessor embedded Real-Time Systems to be classically implemented by different OS tasks that we suppose independent, asynchronous, and periodic in order to meet functional and temporal properties described in user requirements. The authors define a schedulability algorithm for preemptable, asynchronous, and periodic reconfigurable task systems with arbitrary relative deadlines, scheduled on a uniprocessor by an optimal scheduling algorithm based on the EDF principles and on the dynamic reconfiguration. Two forms of automatic reconfigurations are assumed to be applied at run-time: Addition-Remove of tasks and just modifications of their temporal parameters: WCET and/or Periods. Nevertheless, when such a scenario is applied to save the system at the occurrence of hardware-software faults, or to improve its performance, some real-time properties can be violated. The authors define a new semantic of the reconfiguration where a crucial criterion to consider is the automatic improvement of the system’s feasibility at run-time by using an Intelligent Agent that automatically checks the system’s feasibility after any reconfiguration scenario to verify if all tasks meet the required deadlines. Indeed, if a reconfiguration scenario is applied at run-time, then the Intelligent Agent dynamically provides otherwise precious technical solutions for users to remove some tasks according to predefined heuristic (based on soft or hard task), or by modifying the Worst Case Execution Times (WCETs), periods, and/or deadlines of tasks that violate corresponding constraints by new ones, in order to meet deadlines and to minimize their response time. To handle all possible reconfiguration solutions, they propose an agent-based architecture that applies automatic reconfigurations in order to re-obtain the system’s feasibility and to satisfy user requirements. Therefore, the authors developed the tool RT-Reconfiguration to support these contributions that they apply to a Blackberry Bold 9700 and to a Volvo system as running example systems and we apply the Real-Time Simulator Cheddar to check the whole system behavior and to evaluate the performance of the algorithm (detailed descriptions are available at the Website: http://beru.univ-brest.fr/~singhoff/cheddar). The authors present simulations of this architecture where they evaluate the agent that they implemented. In addition, the authors present and discuss the results of experiments that compare the accuracy and the performance of their algorithm with others.

Feasible Automatic Reconfigurations of Real-Time OS Tasks

2012 ◽  
pp. 390-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza Gharsellaoui ◽  
Atef Gharbi ◽  
Mohamed Khalgui ◽  
Samir Ben Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
User Requirements ◽  
Real Time Systems ◽  
Temporal Parameters ◽  
Temporal Properties ◽  
Run Time ◽  
Time Systems

This research deals with reconfigurable uniprocessor embedded real-time systems to be implemented by different OS tasks that should be independent, synchronous, and periodic, and that should meet functional and temporal properties described in user requirements. The authors define two forms of automatic reconfigurations assumed to be applied at run-time: addition-removal of tasks or just modifications of their temporal parameters; WCET and/or periods. The authors define a new semantic of reconfigurations where a crucial criterion to consider is the automatic improvement of the system’s feasibility at run-time.

Reconfiguration of Synchronous Real-Time Operating System

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza Gharsellaoui ◽  
Mohamed Khalgui ◽  
Samir Ben Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Scheduling Algorithm ◽  
User Requirements ◽  
Real Time Systems ◽  
Real Time Scheduling ◽  
Temporal Properties ◽  
Time Scheduling ◽  
Run Time ◽  
Time Systems

Real-time scheduling is the theoretical basis of real-time systems engineering. Earliest Deadline first (EDF) is an optimal scheduling algorithm for uniprocessor real-time systems. The paper deals with Reconfigurable Uniprocessor embedded Real-Time Systems classically implemented by different OS tasks that the authors suppose independent, synchronous and periodic to meet functional and temporal properties described in user requirements. They define two forms of automatic reconfigurations which are applied at run-time: Addition-Remove of tasks or just modifications of their temporal parameters: WCET and/or Periods. The authors define a new semantic of the reconfiguration where a crucial criterion to consider is the automatic improvement of the system’s feasibility at run-time by using an Intelligent Agent that automatically checks the system’s feasibility after any reconfiguration scenario to verify if all tasks meet the required deadlines. To handle all possible reconfiguration solutions, the authors propose an agent-based architecture that applies automatic reconfigurations to re-obtain the system’s feasibility and satisfy user requirements. Therefore, they developed the tool RT-Reconfiguration to support these contributions that they apply on the running example system and the authors apply the Real-Time Simulator, Cheddar to check the whole system behavior and evaluate the performance of the algorithm. They present simulations of this architecture where the agent that implemented is evaluated.

Development of a Perioperative Medication-Related Clinical Decision Support Tool to Prevent Medication Errors: An Analysis of User Feedback

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (05) ◽  
pp. 984-995
Author(s):  
Karen C. Nanji ◽  
Pamela M. Garabedian ◽  
Sofia D. Shaikh ◽  
Marin E. Langlieb ◽  
Aziz Boxwala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Medication Errors ◽  
Clinical Decision Support ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
User Feedback ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
User Requirements ◽  
Individual Design ◽  
Perioperative Medication

Abstract Objectives Medication use in the perioperative setting presents many patient safety challenges that may be improved with electronic clinical decision support (CDS). The objective of this paper is to describe the development and analysis of user feedback for a robust, real-time medication-related CDS application designed to provide patient-specific dosing information and alerts to warn of medication errors in the operating room (OR). Methods We designed a novel perioperative medication-related CDS application in four phases: (1) identification of need, (2) alert algorithm development, (3) system design, and (4) user interface design. We conducted group and individual design feedback sessions with front-line clinician leaders and subject matter experts to gather feedback about user requirements for alert content and system usability. Participants were clinicians who provide anesthesia (attending anesthesiologists, nurse anesthetists, and house staff), OR pharmacists, and nurses. Results We performed two group and eight individual design feedback sessions, with a total of 35 participants. We identified 20 feedback themes, corresponding to 19 system changes. Key requirements for user acceptance were: Use hard stops only when necessary; provide as much information as feasible about the rationale behind alerts and patient/clinical context; and allow users to edit fields such as units, time, and baseline values (e.g., baseline blood pressure). Conclusion We incorporated user-centered design principles to build a perioperative medication-related CDS application that uses real-time patient data to provide patient-specific dosing information and alerts. Emphasis on early user involvement to elicit user requirements, workflow considerations, and preferences during application development can result in time and money efficiencies and a safer and more usable system.

Some Recent Results in Quiescent Prominence Spectrometry

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Donald A. Landman
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Computer System ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Absolute Intensity ◽  
Solar Observatory ◽  
Target Size ◽  
Small Target ◽  
Signal Averaging ◽  
Quiescent Prominence

This paper describes some recent results of our quiescent prominence spectrometry program at the Mees Solar Observatory on Haleakala. The observations were made with the 25 cm coronagraph/coudé spectrograph system using a silicon vidicon detector. This detector consists of 500 contiguous channels covering approximately 6 or 80 Å, depending on the grating used. The instrument is interfaced to the Observatory’s PDP 11/45 computer system, and has the important advantages of wide spectral response, linearity and signal-averaging with real-time display. Its principal drawback is the relatively small target size. For the present work, the aperture was about 3″ × 5″. Absolute intensity calibrations were made by measuring quiet regions near sun center.

Video real-time imaging of artificial membranes during freeze-drying by cryo-electron microscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 16-17
Author(s):  
Alan S. Rudolph ◽  
Ronald R. Price
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Video Capture ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Artificial Membranes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cryo Electron Microscopy ◽  
Spherical Structures ◽  
Capture Techniques

We have employed cryoelectron microscopy to visualize events that occur during the freeze-drying of artificial membranes by employing real time video capture techniques. Artificial membranes or liposomes which are spherical structures within internal aqueous space are stabilized by water which provides the driving force for spontaneous self-assembly of these structures. Previous assays of damage to these structures which are induced by freeze drying reveal that the two principal deleterious events that occur are 1) fusion of liposomes and 2) leakage of contents trapped within the liposome [1]. In the past the only way to access these events was to examine the liposomes following the dehydration event. This technique allows the event to be monitored in real time as the liposomes destabilize and as water is sublimed at cryo temperatures in the vacuum of the microscope. The method by which liposomes are compromised by freeze-drying are largely unknown. This technique has shown that cryo-protectants such as glycerol and carbohydrates are able to maintain liposomal structure throughout the drying process.

An Interactive Minicomputer Program for the Indexing and Simulation of Electron Diffraction Patterns

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 542-543
Author(s):  
R.P. Goehner ◽  
W.T. Hatfield ◽  
Prakash Rao
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Flow Diagram ◽  
Hard Copy ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Real Time Analysis ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
One Step ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

Computer programs are now available in various laboratories for the indexing and simulation of transmission electron diffraction patterns. Although these programs address themselves to the solution of various aspects of the indexing and simulation process, the ultimate goal is to perform real time diffraction pattern analysis directly off of the imaging screen of the transmission electron microscope. The program to be described in this paper represents one step prior to real time analysis. It involves the combination of two programs, described in an earlier paper(l), into a single program for use on an interactive basis with a minicomputer. In our case, the minicomputer is an INTERDATA 70 equipped with a Tektronix 4010-1 graphical display terminal and hard copy unit.A simplified flow diagram of the combined program, written in Fortran IV, is shown in Figure 1. It consists of two programs INDEX and TEDP which index and simulate electron diffraction patterns respectively. The user has the option of choosing either the indexing or simulating aspects of the combined program.

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