Floral Scent Metabolic Pathways

2006 ◽  
pp. 55-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eran Pichersky ◽  
Natalia Dudareva
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Floral Scent

scholarly journals Evolution of a novel and adaptive floral scent in wild tobacco

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Guo ◽  
Nathalie D. Lackus ◽  
Tobias G. Köllner ◽  
Ran Li ◽  
Julia Bing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽  
Floral Scent ◽  
Nicotiana Attenuata ◽  
Plant Environment ◽  
Intraspecific Variations ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Isoflavone Reductase ◽  
Floral Volatile ◽  
Species Specific

AbstractMany plants emit diverse floral scents that mediate plant-environment interactions and attain reproductive success. However, how plants evolve novel adaptive floral volatiles remains unclear. Here, we show that in the wild tobacco, Nicotiana attenuata, a dominant species-specific floral volatile (benzyl acetone, BA) that attracts pollinators and deters florivore is synthesized by phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 4 (NaPAL4), isoflavone reductase 3 (NaIFR3), and chalcone synthase 3 (NaCHAL3). Transient expression of NaFIR3 alone in N. attenuata leaves is sufficient and necessary for ectopic foliar BA emissions, and the BA emission level is increased by co-expressing NaIFR3 with NaPAL4 and NaCHAL3. Independent changes in transcription in all three genes contributed to intraspecific variations of floral BA emission. However, among species, the gain-of-expression in NaIFR3 resulted in the biosynthesis of BA that was only found in N. attenuata. This study suggests that novel metabolic pathways associated with adaptation can arise via re-configurations of gene expression.

scholarly journals Evolution of a Novel and Adaptive Floral Scent in Wild Tobacco

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1090-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Guo ◽  
Nathalie D Lackus ◽  
Tobias G Köllner ◽  
Ran Li ◽  
Julia Bing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽  
Floral Scent ◽  
Nicotiana Attenuata ◽  
Plant Environment ◽  
Intraspecific Variations ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Isoflavone Reductase ◽  
Floral Volatile ◽  
Species Specific

Abstract Many plants emit diverse floral scents that mediate plant–environment interactions and attain reproductive success. However, how plants evolve novel and adaptive biosynthetic pathways for floral volatiles remains unclear. Here, we show that in the wild tobacco, Nicotiana attenuata, a dominant species-specific floral volatile (benzyl acetone, BA) that attracts pollinators and deters florivore is synthesized by phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 4 (NaPAL4), isoflavone reductase 3 (NaIFR3), and chalcone synthase 3 (NaCHAL3). Transient expression of NaFIR3 alone in N. attenuata leaves is sufficient and necessary for ectopic foliar BA emissions, and coexpressing NaIFR3 with NaPAL4 and NaCHAL3 increased the BA emission levels. Independent changes in transcription of NaPAL4 and NaCHAL3 contributed to intraspecific variations of floral BA emission. However, among species, the gain of expression of NaIFR3 resulted in the biosynthesis of BA, which was only found in N. attenuata. This study suggests that novel metabolic pathways associated with adaptation can arise via reconfigurations of gene expression.

Floral Scent Metabolic Pathways and Their Regulation

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph H. Lynch ◽  
Eran Pichersky ◽  
Natalia Dudareva
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Floral Scent

scholarly journals Dynamic histone acetylation in floral volatile synthesis and emission in petunia flowers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan M. Patrick ◽  
Xing-Qi Huang ◽  
Natalia Dudareva ◽  
Ying Li
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Transcriptional Repression ◽  
Metabolic Networks ◽  
Floral Scent ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Chemical Inhibitors ◽  
Floral Volatile

ABSTRACTBiosynthesis of secondary metabolites relies on primary metabolic pathways to provide precursors, energy, and cofactors, thus requiring coordinated regulation of primary and secondary metabolic networks. However, to date it remains largely unknown how this coordination is achieved. Using Petunia hybrida flowers, which emit high levels of phenylpropanoid/benzenoid volatile organic compounds (VOCs), we uncovered genome-wide dynamic deposition of histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9ac) during anthesis as an underlying mechanism to coordinate primary and secondary metabolic networks. The observed epigenome reprogramming is accompanied by transcriptional activation, at gene loci involved in primary metabolic pathways that provide precursor phenylalanine, as well as secondary metabolic pathways to produce volatile compounds. We also observed transcriptional repression among genes involved in alternative phenylpropanoid branches that compete for metabolic precursors. We show that GNAT family histone acetyltransferase(s) (HATs) are required for the expression of genes involved in VOC biosynthesis and emission, by using chemical inhibitors of HATs, and by knocking down a specific HAT, ELP3, through transient RNAi. Together, our study supports that chromatin level regulatory mechanisms may play an essential role in activating primary and secondary metabolic pathways to regulate VOC synthesis in petunia flowers.HIGHLIGHTOur study shows that posttranslational modification of histones is essential for regulating the biosynthesis and emission of floral scent compounds, thus providing insights into chromatin level regulation of secondary metabolism.

Accelerating Metabolic Pathways Simulation using GPUs

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohan Lal ◽  
Kolin Paul ◽  
James Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways

Mapping metabolic pathways in chemical property space paves the way for new leishmanicidals

Planta Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S381
Author(s):  
E Vikeved ◽  
R Buonfiglio ◽  
T Kogej ◽  
A Backlund
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Property ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Property Space ◽  
The Way

METABOLISM OF PREGNENOLONE-3-SULPHATE IN THE PERFUSED DOG LIVER

1965 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. D. Voigt ◽  
J. Tamm ◽  
U. Volkwein ◽  
H. Schedewie
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Dog Liver ◽  
Steroid Conjugates

ABSTRACT Pregnenolone-sulphate (400 mg) was perfused through isolated dog livers. The following steroids were isolated in the perfusate: pregnenolone, progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, androst-5-ene-diol and the two steroid conjugates, i. e. pregnenolone-sulphate and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate. Two »free« steroids and one steroid conjugate could not be characterized. A tentative scheme for the metabolic pathways of pregnenolone-sulphate is presented.

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