Plant Biochemistry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Bowsher ◽  
Alyson Tobin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biochemistry

scholarly journals Practical Plant Biochemistry

Nature ◽  
1920 ◽  
Vol 106 (2658) ◽  
pp. 176-176
Author(s):  
A. E. E.
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biochemistry

Application of biochemical studies to improving nitrogen fixation

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 403 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Vance ◽  
J. F. S. Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Microbial Ecology ◽  
Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Plant Biochemistry ◽  
Biochemical Studies ◽  
Plant Genes ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

Improvement of symbiotic nitrogen fixation requires a multidisciplinary approach with a comprehensive program ranging from microbial ecology to plant breeding and genomics. Achievement of symbiotic nitrogen fixation requires at least 100 genes from each partner interacting in a favorable environment. The more information that we obtain from applied and fundamental studies of Rhizobium–legume and Frankia–non-legume symbioses, the greater are our chances to extend nitrogen fixation to non-fixing species. Studies with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) aimed at improving symbiotic nitrogen fixation have resulted in significant advances in germplasm development, plant biochemistry, microbial ecology and the understanding of plant genes involved in nodule nitrogen and carbon metabolism. However, translation to field improvement of symbiotic nitrogen fixation has proven elusive.

scholarly journals The biosynthetic origin of psychoactive kavalactones in kava

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Pluskal ◽  
Michael P. Torrens-Spence ◽  
Timothy R. Fallon ◽  
Andrea De Abreu ◽  
Cindy H. Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Chalcone Synthase ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Piper Methysticum ◽  
Heterologous Production ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Plant Biochemistry ◽  
Tailoring Enzymes

AbstractFor millennia, humans have used plants for medicinal purposes. However, our limited understanding of plant biochemistry hinders the translation of such ancient wisdom into modern pharmaceuticals1. Kava (Piper methysticum) is a medicinal plant native to the Polynesian islands with anxiolytic and analgesic properties supported by over 3,000 years of traditional use as well as numerous recent clinical trials2–5. The main psychoactive principles of kava, kavalactones, are a unique class of polyketide natural products known to interact with central nervous system through mechanisms distinct from those of the prescription psychiatric drugs benzodiazepines and opioids6,7. Here we reportde novoelucidation of the biosynthetic pathway of kavalactones, consisting of seven specialized metabolic enzymes. Based on phylogenetic and crystallographic analyses, we highlight the emergence of two paralogous styrylpyrone synthases, both of which have neofunctionalized from an ancestral chalcone synthase to catalyze the formation of the kavalactone scaffold. Structurally diverse kavalactones are then biosynthesized by subsequent regio- and stereo-specific tailoring enzymes. We demonstrate the feasibility of engineering heterologous production of kavalactones and their derivatives in bacterial, yeast, and plant hosts, thus opening an avenue towards the development of new psychiatric therapeutics for anxiety disorders, which affect over 260 million people globally8.

CHAPTER 4. Coffee Plant Biochemistry

Coffee ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 100-162
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Ashihara ◽  
Tatsuhito Fujimura ◽  
Alan Crozier
Keyword(s):  
Coffee Plant ◽  
Plant Biochemistry

PLANT BIOCHEMISTRY

1959 ◽  
pp. 100-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.C. BATE-SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biochemistry
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