Technologies for Upgrading Existing or Designing New Drinking Water Treatment Facilities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Us Epa
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Facilities

Drinking water treatment plant assessment through performance indicators

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Vieira ◽  
H. Alegre ◽  
M. J. Rosa ◽  
H. Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Definition Of

Performance assessment (PA) of urban infrastructure services, mainly in the case of water systems, is becoming a major issue worldwide. Therefore, in the last decade, the need for a clear definition of management objectives of water services and the subsequent need to monitor goals achievement have led to the development of some initiatives to tackle the evaluation of the efficiency of those services, their main aim being the definition of systems of performance indicators. However, these PA systems are strongly oriented by a management/economic perspective and technical aspects have often been ignored. In addition, none of them has specifically addressed the drinking water treatment. This paper presents a proposal for a PI system that applies to drinking water treatment facilities as a part of a standardised methodology for performance assessment. In total, ca. 80 PI have been defined and classified according to seven evaluation domains, namely: treated water quality; plant reliability; use of natural resources and raw materials; by-products management; safety; human resources; and, economical and financial resources.

Properties and fate of microplastics entering drinking water treatment plants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Novotna ◽  
Lenka Cermakova ◽  
Lenka Pivokonska ◽  
Martin Pivokonsky
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Emerging Pollutant ◽  
Treatment Facilities

<p>Microplastics (MPs) are being detected in aquatic environments worldwide, including seawaters and freshwaters. Moreover, some scarce studies have also reported the presence of MPs in potable water, both in water from public water supply and in bottled water. Despite any potential adverse effects on human health are not known yet, the occurrence of MPs in drinking water raises considerable attention. Drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) pose a barrier for MPs to pass from raw water to treated water intended for human consumption; thus, the fate of MPs entering DWTPs is of a great interest. In order to encapsulate current knowledge in this regard, and so as to identify research needs in this filed, more than 100 studies were reviewed to provide concise conclusions. Focus was laid on: (i) summarizing available information on MP abundance and character in water resources and in drinking water; (ii) combining research results on MP contents at the inflow and outflow of DWTPs and on MP removal by distinct treatment technologies; (iii) comparing MPs to other common pollutants, the removal of which is commonly addressed at DWTPs; and (iv) providing an insight into the fate of MPs at waste water treatment plants (WWTPs), that act as a barrier for transition of MPs from waste to the nature, thus, have an “opposite” position than DWTPs. Additionally, the topic of (v) fate of MPs in DWTP and WWTP sludge was also put forward. This review brings together valuable information regarding the MP occurrence, character, and fate in freshwater aquatic environments in relation to the MP appearance at water treatment facilities, i.e. DWTPs and WWTPs, that may act as both sink and source of this emerging pollutant. Thus, the “cycle” of MPs between natural water bodies and “water in use by humans” is proposed.</p>

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