scholarly journals Contrast Between Incidence of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers: Using a Population Based Cancer Registry, Kyadondo County, Uganda: 2009 to 2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 7s-7s
Author(s):  
D.B. Abila
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children And Adolescent ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Lower Frequencies

Background: Cancer is relatively rare in childhood compared with later in life. In high-income countries, hematologic malignancies are the most common, then brain tumors and solid tumors. World age-standardized incidence rates in Ireland averaged 142 cases per million children per year, higher than European average and lower than US average. In Africa, distribution of childhood cancers is quite similar, commonest being Kaposi sarcoma (KS), Burkitt's lymphoma, retinoblastoma, leukemia and Hodgkin lymphomas (HL). Among adolescent in Zimbabwe, leukemia has highest incidence rates then osteosarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and KS. Aim: To describe the incidence of cancer among children and adolescents in Kyadondo County, Uganda from 2009 to 2014 which is necessary for planning of cancer control programs. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study which involved review of data from Kampala Cancer Registry that gathers information on cancers diagnosed within Kyadondo County (formed by Kampala and Wakiso districts) and analyzed using STATA 13. From 2014 Uganda population census, Kyadondo County had a population of 3,523,910 (32.2% children and 10% adolescents). Study population was children (0-14 years) and adolescents (15-19 years) diagnosed with cancer from January 2009 to December 2014. Results: The spectrum of cancers in adolescents reflects a transition. Carcinomas which are so prevalent in adults occur but at lower frequencies in adolescents. Study results are comparable to others studies indicating that nephroblastoma and retinoblastoma were common among children and not adolescents. Leukaemia and lymphomas cut across both children and adolescents. Conclusion: The spectrum of cancers in adolescents reflects a transition. Carcinomas which are so prevalent in adults occur but at lower frequencies in adolescents. Study results indicate that nephroblastoma and retinoblastoma were common among children and not adolescents. New prospective studies should be done on children and adolescent cancers covering a wide population size. Leukaemia and lymphomas cut across both children and adolescents. National cancer registries should be set up.

scholarly journals Establishing a Cancer Registry in a Resource-Constrained Region: Process Experience From Ghana

2020 ◽  
pp. 610-616
Author(s):  
Joel Yarney ◽  
Naomi O. Ohene Oti ◽  
Benedict N. L. Calys-Tagoe ◽  
Richard K. Gyasi ◽  
Isaac Agyeman Duah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
External Support ◽  
Administrative Structure ◽  
Policy Document ◽  
Control Plan

PURPOSE In a review of cancer incidence across continents (GLOBOCAN 2012), data sources from Ghana were classified as Frequencies, the lowest classification for inclusion, signifying the worst data quality for inclusion in the analysis. Recognizing this deficiency, the establishment of a population-based cancer registry was proposed as part of a broader cancer control plan. METHODS The registry was examined under the following headings: policy, data source, and administrative structure; external support and training; and definition of geographic coverage. RESULTS The registry was set up based on the Ghana policy document on the strategy for cancer control. The paradigm shift ensured subscription to one data collection software (CanReg 5) in the country. The current approach consists of trained registrars based in the registry who conduct active data abstraction at the departments and units of the hospital and pathologic services. To ensure good governance, an administrative structure was created, including an advisory board, a technical committee, and registry staff. External support for the establishment of the Accra Cancer Registry has come mainly from Stanford University and the African Cancer Registry Network, in collaboration with the University of Ghana. Unlike previous attempts, this registry has a well-defined population made up of nine municipal districts. CONCLUSION The Accra Cancer Registry was established as a result of the lessons learned from failed previous attempts and aim to provide a model for setting up other cancer registries in Ghana. It will eventually be the focal point where all the national data can be collated.

scholarly journals Nutritional Status among the Urban Meitei Children and Adolescents of Manipur, Northeast India

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maibam Samson Singh ◽  
R. K. Neeta Devi
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Nutrition Transition ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Emotional Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socioeconomic Condition ◽  
Children And Adolescent

Purpose. To determine the nutritional status (underweight and overweight) among Meitei children and adolescents. Methods. Cross-sectional data on 854 subjects (384 boys and 470 girls) were collected during the months of May 2009 to August 2009 following house-to-house survey. An anthropometric rod and a weighing scale were used to measure height and weight. The presence of underweight and overweight has been evaluated using the international cutoff points for children and adolescents. MS-Excel software was used for all statistical analyses. Results. A high prevalence of underweight (30.21%) and overweight (3.12%) in the present study was found among children and adolescent boys, respectively. Among girls, the prevalence of both underweight (33.86%) and overweight (5.18%) was reported higher among children than adolescents, and the differences in the distribution were significant at 0.05 levels. The overall prevalence of underweight (28.29%) was found more or less the same among boys and girls, but overweight (5.10%) was reported higher among girls than boys (2.34%). Conclusion. The possible reasons for both forms of malnutrition among Meitei children and adolescents could be traced through poverty, low dietary intake, socioeconomic condition, nutrition transition, and changing lifestyles. The other possible reasons could be due to peer pressure, eating habits, or emotional factor.

scholarly journals Clinical Profile and Comorbidity of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder among Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Observation in Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Hafizur Rahman Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammad S. I. Mullick ◽  
S. M. Yasir Arafat
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tic Disorder ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Mental Acts ◽  
Age Range

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common disorder characterised by persistent and unwanted intrusive thoughts, images, and urges and repetitive behaviours or mental acts and can cause pervasive impairments. In Bangladesh, the prevalence of OCD among children is 2% which is higher than in previous reporting. This study was aimed at looking into the type, frequency, and severity of symptoms of OCD and comorbidity among children and adolescents. A consecutive 60 OCD cases from a child mental health service with age range of 5–18 years were recruited and divided into below and above 12 years of age group. The assessment was carried out using standardized Bangla version of Development and Wellbeing Assessment and Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale was administered. Of the obsession, contamination was the highest followed by doubt, and of the compulsion, washing/cleaning was the highest followed by checking, repeating, and ordering rituals. More than half of the subjects had severe OCD and comorbidity was present in 58% subjects. Specific phobia, social phobia, major depressive disorder, and tic disorder were more prevalent. These symptoms and comorbidity profile can serve the baseline data for a country like Bangladesh and further large scale study would better generalize the study results.

Combination but not single-agent methotrexate chemotherapy for gestational trophoblastic tumors increases the incidence of second tumors.

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2769-2773 ◽  
Author(s):  
G J Rustin ◽  
E S Newlands ◽  
J M Lutz ◽  
L Holden ◽  
K D Bagshawe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Incidence Density ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Trophoblastic Tumors ◽  
Second Tumors ◽  
Methotrexate Chemotherapy ◽  
Second Tumor

PURPOSE No increase in second tumor incidence was found in a previous analysis of women treated with chemotherapy for gestational trophoblastic tumors (GTT). More patient years at risk enabled a further analysis of the risk of second tumors to be performed in the 1,377 women treated in this until up to 1990. PATIENTS AND METHODS Health questionnaires were returned on 93.3% of patients who successfully completed chemotherapy and were living in the United Kingdom. The remainder were flagged for death or developing further cancers by the Office of Population Census and Surveys and by the Thames Cancer Registry. Incidence density analysis was performed based on 15,279 person-years of observation available. Standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was used to estimate the relative risk (RR) of second tumors associated with the treatment. To calculate the expected number, the actual incidence rates observed by the Thames Cancer Registry during the same calendar period of observation were used. RESULTS An overall 50% excess of risk (RR = 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1 to 2.1; P < .011) was observed: there were 37 second tumors, when 24.5 were expected. For specific second tumors, the risk was significantly increased for myeloid leukemia (RR = 16.6; 95% CI, 5.4 to 38.9), colon (RR = 4.6; 95% CI, 1.5 to 10.7), and breast cancer when the survival exceeded 25 years (RR = 5.8; 95% CI, 1.2 to 16.9). The risk was not significantly increased among the 554 women receiving single-agent therapy (RR = 1.3; 95% CI, 0.6 to 2.1). Leukemias only developed in patients receiving etoposide plus other cytotoxic drugs. CONCLUSION This study suggests that there is a slight increased risk of second tumors after sequential or combination chemotherapy for GTT. This has become apparent since the introduction of etoposide and longer follow-up.

Parenting and Family Adjustment among Parents of children and adolescents with Intellectual Disability and functional psychosis: A Comparative Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Jagritee Singh ◽  
S. Haque Nizamie ◽  
Narendra Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Child And Adolescent Psychiatry ◽  
Family Adjustment ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children And Adolescent ◽  
Functional Psychosis

Background: Parenting, a wonderful and rewarding experience, are often accompanied by high levels of stress, because of the difficulties, frustrations, and challenges that parents face in everyday life. This study examined the profile of Parenting and Family Adjustment among Parents of children and adolescents with Intellectual Disability and functional psychosis. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional hospital based study. The study samples were selected through purposive sampling technique. The sample size was 40 parent among which 20 parents of children and adolescent with intellectual disability and 20 parents of children and adolescent with functional psychosis taken from Erna Hoch Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit and Charak Outpatient Department, of the Central Institute of Psychiatry, Kanke, Ranchi. Parenting and Family Adjustment Scale used for the data collection. Data were analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS- 21 version). Results and Conclusions: The results indicated that parents of children and adolescents with functional psychosis reported higher mean in the subscales of Parental consistency, Corrective parenting, Positive encouragement, Parent child-relationship, Family relationship and parents of children and adolescents with intellectual disability reported higher mean in the subscale of Parental teamwork. Key words: Parenting, Family Adjustment, Psychosis, Intellectual Disability Â

Pediatric Cancer Registry in Turkey 2009-2018 (TPOG & TPHD).

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21510-e21510
Author(s):  
M. Tezer Kutluk ◽  
Akif Yeşilipek
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Pediatric Cancer ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Term Survival

e21510 Background: In Children and adolescents aged 0-14, each year more than 200.000 new cancer cases are expected at global level. For the planning and implementation of an effective pediatric cancer control program, pediatric cancer registries are essential. The long term survival rates have been improved to 85% in high income countries, however it is still less than this in LMICs. This work presents the most updated results of the pediatric cancer registry in Turkey. Methods: Turkish Pediatric Oncology Group and Turkish Pediatric Hematology Association has established the Pediatric Cancer Registry in 2002. The childhood cancer cases registered between 2009-2018 was included in this analysis. International Childhood Cancer Classification System was used for the classification. Essential demographic findings, ICD-O-3 morphology and topography codes were recorded for each case. Results: During the 10 years from 2009 to 2018, 15713 cases were registered. For all cases, median age was 6.7 year (0-17; M/F 8838/6867, 3 hermaphrodite, 5 unknown). Age distribution was 0-4 yrs, 40.7%; 5-9 yrs, 24.4%; 10-14 yrs, 23.2%; 15-19 yrs, 11.7%) The distribution of the tumor types were [number of cases, percentage of total, median age yrs, M/F]: Leukemia (4368, 27.8%, 5.4, 2519/1849); Lymphoma & other RES tumors (2996, 19.1%, 9.7, 2012/979, 1 hermaphrodite & 4 unknown); CNS [brain & spinal] (2089, 13.3%, 7.1, 1142/947); Symphatetic system (1243, 7.9%, 2.4, 650/593); Retinoblastoma (358, 2.3%, 1.4, 204/154); Renal (788, 5.0%, 3.3, 369/419); Liver (260, 1.7%, 1.8, 143/117); Malignant bone (1030, 6.6%, 12.6, 566/464); Soft tissue sarcomas (1052, 6.7%, 7.4, 611/441); Germ cell (971, 6.2%, 8.4, 346/622, 2 hermaphrodite, 1 unknown); Carcinoma & other malignant epithelial (462, 2.9%, 13.7, 226/236); Other/non-specific malignant (96, 0.5%, 7.8, 50/46). Five year survival rate was found as 70.8%. Conclusions: This registry has been used widely among health care professionals since its establishment in 2002. Survival rates for children and adolescents has been improved to 70%. This level of survival is at the acceptable level for an upper middle income country. This registry became a useful source for investigator and decision makers at national and international level.

Pediatric cancer registry in Turkey 2009-2019 (TPOG & TPHD).

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e22513-e22513
Author(s):  
M. Tezer Kutluk ◽  
Akif Yeşilipek
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Pediatric Cancer ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Middle Income

e22513 Background: The pediatric cancer registry is an essential element of pediatric cancer control. More than 200000 pediatric cancer cases annually are expected in children and adolescents aged 0-14 globally. The current efforts are focusing to improve the survival rates for children and adolescents in LMICs since the survival has already exceeded 80% in most of the high income countries. Here we present the most updated results of the pediatric cancer registry in Turkey. Methods: Pediatric cancer registry has been established by theTurkish Pediatric Oncology Group and Turkish Pediatric Hematology Association in 2002. The childhood cancer cases registered between 2009-2019 was included in this analysis. International Childhood Cancer Classification System was used for the classification. Essential demographic findings, ICD-O-3 morphology and topography codes were recorded for each case. Results: During the 11 years from 2009 to 2019, 17770 cases were registered. For all cases, median age was 6.8 year (0-17; M/F 9973/7789, 3 hermaphrodite, 5 unknown). Age distribution was 0-4 yrs, 40.3%; 5-9 yrs, 24.0%; 10-14 yrs, 23.6%; 15-19 yrs, 12.1%) The distribution of the tumor types were [number of cases, percentage of total, median age yrs, M/F]: Leukemia (4570, 25.7%, 5.5, 2633/1937); Lymphoma & other RES tumors (3477, 19.6%, 9.9, 2324/1150, 1 hermaphrodite & 2 unknown); CNS [brain & spinal] (2493, 14.0%, 6.9, 1363/1129, 1 unkown); Symphatetic system (1426, 8.0%, 2.4, 743/683); Retinoblastoma (348, 2.0%, 1.5, 204/144); Renal (905, 5.1%, 3.2, 435/469, 1 unknown); Liver (304, 1.7%, 1.8, 172/132); Malignant bone (1209, 6.8%, 12.6, 658/551); Soft tissue sarcomas (1221, 6.9%, 7.5, 703/518); Germ cell (1165, 6.6%, 8.8, 426/736, 2 hermaphrodite, 1 unknown); Carcinoma & other malignant epithelial (533, 3.0%, 13.8, 254/279); Other/non-specific malignant (119, 0.7%, 8.5, 58/61). Five year survival rate was found as 71.9%. Conclusions: The data is the most essential part of the cancer control.This registry has been used widely among professionals since its establishment in 2002. Survival rates for children and adolescents has been improved to 70%. This is at the acceptable level for the income level of Turkey which is classified as an upper middle income country. The registry is a useful source for investigators and decision makers at national and international level.

scholarly journals Impaired comfort in children and adolescents with cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 934-941
Author(s):  
Tânia Alteniza Leandro ◽  
Viviane Martins da Silva ◽  
Marcos Venícios de Oliveira Lopes ◽  
Nirla Gomes Guedes ◽  
Marília Mendes Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Indicators ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Study Results

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the strength of the association between the clinical indicators of Impaired Comfort and the evaluation sector in the hospital, age group and sex of patients with cancer. Method: Cross-sectional study, conducted in a children’s hospital, with 192 children and adolescents. For the collection, we used an instrument developed for the study. Results: The majority of the sample was male, with mean age of 11 years. The indicators most evidenced among the hospitalized patients were Crying, Report of lack of satisfaction with the situation, Report of feeling cold, and Report of feeling uncomfortable. Crying and Fear were more prevalent in children compared with adolescents, and boys were the ones that verbalized the most the Report of lack of satisfaction with the situation. Conclusion: This study enabled determining the strength of the association of the indicators of Impaired Comfort expressed by children and adolescents with cancer.

scholarly journals The National Cancer Registry of Cuba. Process and Result

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-177
Author(s):  
Armando Rodríguez ◽  
Antonio Martín García
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
National Cancer Registry ◽  
Organization Process ◽  
Cancer Control Program

Cancer represents a health problem in Cuba, being the second cause of death in our country. The National Cancer Registry went created in 1964 as an instrument for the epidemiological study of this disease. In 1986, important changes were introduced in the National Cancer Registry regarding organization, process and validation of the information with the implementation of a new automation information system; in 1990 a PC version of the system was developed, and in 1992 the decentralization of the process of the information to all provinces of the country (fourteen provincial cancer registries) was accomplished. The data obtained through the registry shows as main sites of incidence: lung, skin and colon for both sexes; prostate and larynx for men, and breast and cervix uteri for women. As for mortality, lung and colon for both sexes, prostate for men and breast for women are the main sites. The improvement of the quality of the information of the registry has permitted the use of the data for carrying out investigations that help to plan and assess the National Cancer Control Program.

scholarly journals The Epidemiological Assessment of Lifestyle Impact on Childhood and Adolescence Psychiatric Disorders in Kohgiloyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahim Ostovar ◽  
Nourrollah Yadegari ◽  
Mohammad Reza Mohammadi ◽  
Ali Khaleghi ◽  
Seyed-Ali Mostafav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
P Value ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children And Adolescent

Background: Children and adolescents are potentially at risk of different psychiatric disorders, and it is important to consider their health, especially their mental health. Objectives: We aimed to design a cross-sectional study to investigate the association between lifestyle-related components with the psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents in Kohgiloyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province (Iran) and to determine its association with different lifestyle-related variables. Methods: In this study, about 1000 children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years in Kohgiloyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province were selected using stratified cluster random sampling. The reliable Persian version of Kiddie-Sads-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) and the Life Style Questionnaire (LSQ) were instructed using interviewing with participants by our clinical psychologists or, if they were under 14 years, with their parents. Besides, demographic data (i.e., gender, age, location, race, nation, and religion) of participants were also collected. Results: The results showed that, except for the physical activity and well-being, other remaining factors have a significant correlation with psychiatric disorders (P < 0.05). The exact p-value for each factor was as follow: physical health (P = 0.007), sports and well-being (P = 0.057), weight control and nutrition (P = 0.001), prevention of diseases (P = 0.04), mental health-cognitive (P = 0.05), spiritual health (P = 0.008), social health (P = 0.05), drug avoidance (P = 0.001), accident prevention (P = 0.02), and environmental health (P = 0.001). Also, we found that the overall effect of lifestyle was significantly associated with children and adolescent mental disorders (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Our findings show a significant role for lifestyle in the children and adolescents psychiatric disorders. So it should be considered in more detail in future studies.

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