Bilateral Myeloid Sarcoma of the Breast and Cerebrospinal Fluid As a Relapse of Acute Myeloid Leukemia After Stem-Cell Transplantation: A Case Report

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (22) ◽  
pp. e199-e201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anis Toumeh ◽  
Richard Phinney ◽  
Peter Kobalka ◽  
Iman Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Sarcoma ◽  
Acute Myeloid

scholarly journals Myeloid Sarcoma after Allogenic Stem Cell Transplantation for Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Successful Consolidation Treatment Approaches in Two Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silje Johansen ◽  
Hilde Kollsete Gjelberg ◽  
Aymen Bushra Ahmed ◽  
Øystein Bruserud ◽  
Håkon Reikvam
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Systemic Therapy ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Sarcoma ◽  
Allogenic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Leukemia Relapse ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Myeloid sarcoma is an extramedullary (EM) manifestation (i.e., manifestation outside the bone marrow) of acute myeloid leukemia (AML); it is assumed to be relatively uncommon and can be the only manifestation of leukemia relapse after allogenic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). An EM sarcoma can manifest in any part of the body, although preferentially manifesting in immunological sanctuary sites as a single or multiple tumors. The development of myeloid sarcoma after allo-SCT is associated with certain cytogenetic abnormalities, developing of graft versus host disease (GVHD), and treatment with donor lymphocytes infusion (DLI). It is believed that posttransplant myeloid sarcomas develop because the EM sites evade immune surveillance. We present two patients with EM myeloid sarcoma in the breast and epipharynx, respectively, as the only manifestation of leukemia relapse. Both patients were treated with a combination of local and systemic therapy, with successfully longtime disease-free survival. Based on these two case reports, we give an updated review of the literature and discuss the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of EM sarcoma as the only manifestation of AML relapse after allo-SCT. There are no standard guidelines for the treatment of myeloid sarcomas in allotransplant recipients. In our opinion, the treatment of these patients needs to be individualized and should include local treatment (i.e., radiotherapy) combined with systemic therapy (i.e., chemotherapy, immunotherapy, DLI, or retransplantation). The treatment has to consider both the need for sufficient antileukemic efficiency versus the risk of severe complications due to cumulative toxicity.

scholarly journals Magnesium levels and outcome after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linus Angenendt ◽  
Isabel Hilgefort ◽  
Jan-Henrik Mikesch ◽  
Bernhard Schlüter ◽  
Wolfgang E. Berdel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus Infection ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Acute Myeloid

AbstractLow intake of magnesium has been associated with the occurrence of lymphomas and decreased magnesium levels suppress the cytotoxic function of T cells and natural killer cells in patients with “X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and neoplasia” (XMEN) syndrome. These cell types are also important mediators of immune-mediated effects after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Here, we show that high posttransplant magnesium levels independently associate with a lower incidence of relapse, a higher risk of acute graft-versus-host disease, and a higher non-relapse mortality in 368 patients with acute myeloid leukemia from our center. Magnesium serum levels might impact on donor-cell-mediated immune responses in acute myeloid leukemia.

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