Short-Term Efficacy of Methylphenidate: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Among Survivors of Childhood Cancer

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 4795-4803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond K. Mulhern ◽  
Raja B. Khan ◽  
Stuart Kaplan ◽  
Susan Helton ◽  
Robbin Christensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Maximum Dose ◽  
Rating System ◽  
Moderate Dose ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Childhood All ◽  
Social Skills Rating System

Purpose Children surviving acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and malignant brain tumors (BTs) have a higher incidence of attention and learning problems in school than do their healthy peers. The present study tests the hypothesis that the psychostimulant methylphenidate (MPH) improves cognitive and social functioning among these patients. Patients and Methods We report on 83 long-term survivors of ALL and BT identified as having attentional deficits on behavioral testing and parent or teacher report, and problems with academic achievement. The 47 male and 36 female patients ranged from 0.6 to 14.3 years (median, 5.4 years) of age at diagnosis and 6.7 to 17.9 years (median, 11.9 years) of age at participation. The patients (40 ALL, 43 BT) participated in a randomized, double-blind, 3-week home cross-over trial of placebo (bid), low-dose MPH (0.3 mg/kg; maximum dose, 10 mg bid), and moderate-dose MPH (0.6 mg/kg; maximum dose, 20 mg bid). The primary end points were weekly teacher and parent reports on the Conners’ Rating Scales and Social Skills Rating System. Results Compared to placebo, significant improvement with MPH was reported by teachers and parents on the Conners’ Rating Scales and by teachers on the Social Skills Rating System. However, no consistent advantage of moderate dose over low dose was observed. Of those participating, 66 (79.5%) of the 83 patients continued on best clinical management. Conclusion Treatment with MPH can at least temporarily reduce some attentional and social deficits among survivors of childhood ALL and BT. Long-term follow-up will reveal those subsets of patients who are more likely to benefit from MPH.

scholarly journals A avaliação da competência social: versão portuguesa da forma para professores do SSRS

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Serra de Lemos ◽  
Helena Isabel Meneses
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Rating System ◽  
Social Skills Rating System

O trabalho de investigação aqui apresentado teve um duplo objetivo: explorar as dimensões da competência social em crianças portuguesas e adaptar um instrumento de avaliação válido para a investigação e intervenção nesta área e utilizável em contexto escolar. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo examinou a estrutura fatorial e a consistência interna da escala para professores do Social Skills Rating System - nível básico, de Gresham e Elliott (1990) em 342 alunos do 3º e 6º anos de escolaridade. Este instrumento destina-se a avaliar a competência social, baseando-se numa perspectiva multidimensional. Os resultados apóiam uma concepção multifacetada da competência social e são semelhantes aos apresentados em estudos prévios.

scholarly journals Envolvimento parental, competência social e o desempenho acadêmico de escolares

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (67) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Costa Fantinato ◽  
Fabiana Cia
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Rating System ◽  
Social Skills Rating System

Este estudo teve como objetivos comparar a frequência de envolvimento parental, entre pais e mães, e investigar a relação entre a frequência de envolvimento parental, a competência social e o desempenho acadêmico de crianças escolares. Participaram do estudo 12 casais, sendo eles pais de alunos de 2ª série do ensino fundamental, e três professoras dessas crianças. Os casais preencheram o questionário “Avaliação do envolvimento parental” e, para avaliar o repertório de habilidades sociais, os problemas de comportamento e o desempenho acadêmico das crianças, as professoras responderam ao Social Skills Rating System (SSRS – Versão para professores). Foram efetuadas análises estatísticas descritivas, teste-t e de correlação de Pearson. Cinco dos 41 itens avaliados sobre o envolvimento parental as mães realizavam mais frequentemente que os pais. Quanto maior a frequência da participação dos pais nas atividades escolares, culturais e de lazer dos filhos, maior o desempenho acadêmico das crianças. A frequência da participação das mães nas atividades escolares, culturais e de lazer dos filhos estava negativamente correlacionada com o índice de problemas de comportamento externalizantes e positivamente correlacionada com o repertório de habilidades sociais das crianças. Por fim, a comunicação entre mãe e filho estava positivamente correlacionada com o repertório de habilidades sociais das crianças

Parent Version of the Preschool Social Skills Rating System--Adapted German Version

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Hess ◽  
Herbert Scheithauer ◽  
Dieter Kleiber ◽  
Nora Wille ◽  
Michael Erhart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Rating System ◽  
German Version ◽  
Social Skills Rating System ◽  
Parent Version

scholarly journals Safety and effectiveness of lurasidone in adolescents with schizophrenia: results of a 2-year, open-label extension study

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Christoph U. Correll ◽  
Robert L. Findling ◽  
Michael Tocco ◽  
Andrei Pikalov ◽  
Ling Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Extension Study ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Open Label Extension ◽  
Glycemic Indices

Abstract Background Minimal long-term benefit: Risk data are available regarding antipsychotic treatments for schizophrenia in pediatric populations. This study evaluated the long-term safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of lurasidone in adolescents with schizophrenia. Methods Patients aged from 13 to 17 who completed 6 weeks of double-blind (DB), placebo-controlled treatment with lurasidone were enrolled in a 2-year, open-label (OL), flexible dose (20-80 mg/day) lurasidone treatment study. Safety was assessed via spontaneous reporting, rating scales, body weight measurement, metabolic, and prolactin testing. Effectiveness measures included the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score. Results About 271 patients completed 6 weeks of DB treatment and entered the 2-year OL extension study. Altogether, 42.4% discontinued prematurely, 10.7% due to adverse events. During OL treatment, the most common adverse events were headache (24.0%); anxiety (12.9%), schizophrenia, and nausea (12.5%); sedation/somnolence (12.2%); and nasopharyngitis (8.9%). Minimal changes were observed on metabolic parameters and prolactin. Mean change from DB baseline in weight at week 52 and week 104 was +3.3 kg and + 4.9 kg, respectively, compared to an expected weight gain of +3.4 kg and + 5.7 kg, respectively, based on the sex- and age-matched US Center for Disease Control normative data. Continued improvement was observed in PANSS total score, with mean change from OL baseline of −15.6 at week 52 and −18.4 at week 104. Conclusion In adolescents with schizophrenia, long-term lurasidone treatment was associated with minimal effects on body weight, lipids, glycemic indices, and prolactin. Continued improvement in symptoms of schizophrenia was observed over 2 years of lurasidone treatment.

scholarly journals Long-term low-dose erythromycin in patients with unexplained chronic cough: a double-blind placebo controlled trial

Thorax ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 1107-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Yousaf ◽  
W. Monteiro ◽  
D. Parker ◽  
S. Matos ◽  
S. Birring ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Cough ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo

Low-dose Ondansetron with Dexamethasone More Effectively Decreases Vomiting after Strabismus Surgery in Children than Does High-dose Ondansetron 

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Splinter ◽  
Elliot J. Rhine
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Maximum Dose ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Strabismus Surgery ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Dexamethasone Group

Background Ondansetron and dexamethasone have been observed to decrease the incidence of vomiting by children after general anesthesia. This study compared the effect of high-dose (150 microg/kg) ondansetron with low-dose (50 microg/kg) ondansetron plus 150 microg/kg dexamethasone on the incidence of vomiting after strabismus in children. Methods This study had a double-blind, blocked, stratified, randomized design. With parental consent and Hospital Ethics Committee approval, healthy children aged 2-14 yr who were undergoing elective strabismus surgery were studied. Anesthesia was induced intravenously with propofol or by inhalation with halothane and nitrous oxide. Patients in the high-dose group were given placebo plus 150 microg/kg (maximum dose, 8 mg) of ondansetron intravenously, whereas patients in the low-dose group were given 150 microg/kg dexamethasone (maximum dose, 8 mg) and 50 microg/kg ondansetron intravenously in a double-blind manner. Anesthesia was maintained with halothane and nitrous oxide. All incidences of vomiting occurring as long as 24 h after anesthesia were recorded. Results Three of the 200 patients enrolled in the study were excluded from data analysis. The groups were similar with respect to demographic data and potential confounding variables. Patients vomited from 0-12 times. The low-dose ondansetron plus dexamethasone group had a lower incidence of vomiting, 9% (95% CI = 4-17%) versus 28% (95% CI = 20-38%; P < 0.001). Only 1% of the patients in the low-dose ondansetron plus dexamethasone group vomited while in the hospital. Conclusions Low-dose ondansetron plus dexamethasone is an effective prophylactic antiemetic combination for children undergoing strabismus surgery.

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