scholarly journals Informatics Approaches to Address New Challenges in the Classification of Lymphoid Malignancies

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Jordan ◽  
Jordan S. Goldstein ◽  
David L. Jaye ◽  
Metin Gurcan ◽  
Christopher R. Flowers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
World Health ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Lymphoid Malignancies ◽  
Pathology Informatics ◽  
Pathologic Assessment ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Lymphoma Classification

Purpose Lymphoid malignancies are remarkably heterogeneous, with variations in outcomes and clinical, biologic, and histologic presentation complicating classification according to the World Health Organization guidelines. Incorrect classification of lymphoid neoplasms can result in suboptimal therapeutic strategies for individual patients and confound the interpretation of clinical trials involving personalized, class-based treatments. This review discusses the potential role of pathology informatics in improving the classification accuracy and objectivity for lymphoid malignancies. Design We identified peer-reviewed publications examining pathology informatics approaches for the classification of lymphoid malignancies, reviewed developments in the lymphoma classification systems, and summarized computational methods for pathologic assessment that can impact practice. Results Computer-assisted pathology image analysis algorithms in lymphoma most commonly have been applied to follicular lymphoma to address biologic heterogeneity and subjectivity in the process of classification. Conclusion Objective methods are available to assist pathologists in lymphoma classification and grading, and have been demonstrated to provide measurable benefits in specific contexts. Future validation and extension of these approaches will require datasets that link high resolution pathology images available for image analysis algorithms with clinical variables and follow up outcomes.

Lung Tumors With Neuroendocrine Morphology: Essential Radiologic and Pathologic Features

2008 ◽  
Vol 132 (7) ◽  
pp. 1055-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teri J. Franks ◽  
Jeffrey R. Galvin
Keyword(s):  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
World Health ◽  
National Library ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Distinct Subset ◽  
Pathologic Features ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Context.—Tumors with neuroendocrine morphology are a distinct subset of lung neoplasms sharing characteristic histologic, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and molecular features. Objective.—To review the current histologic classification and the diagnostic criteria for the major categories of neuroendocrine tumors of the lung. Data Sources.—Published classification systems from the World Health Organization and pertinent peer-reviewed articles indexed in PubMed (National Library of Medicine) form the basis of this review. Conclusions.—Accurate classification of the neuroendocrine tumors of the lung requires knowledge of specific criteria separating the major categories, which is essential for determining prognosis and treatment.

scholarly journals IMPORTANCE OF CLASSICAL MORPHOLOGY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROME

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e2015035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosangela Invernizzi ◽  
Federica Quaglia ◽  
Matteo Giovanni Della Porta
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Diagnosis And Classification ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Selection Of

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by dysplastic, ineffective, clonal and neoplastic hematopoiesis. MDS represent a complex hematological problem: differences in disease presentation, progression and outcome  have necessitated the use of classification systems to improve diagnosis, prognostication and treatment selection. However, since a single biological or genetic reliable diagnostic marker has not yet been discovered for MDS, quantitative and qualitative dysplastic morphological alterations of bone marrow precursors and of peripheral blood cells are still fundamental for diagnostic classification. In this paper World Health Organization (WHO) classification refinements and current minimal diagnostic criteria proposed by expert panels are highlighted and related problematic issues are discussed. The recommendations should facilitate diagnostic and prognostic evaluations in MDS and selection of patients for new effective targeted therapies. Although in the future morphology should be supplemented with new molecular techniques, the morphological approach, at least for the moment, is still the cornerstone for the diagnosis and classification of these disorders.

Psychotic disorders in DSM-5 and ICD-11

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Falko Biedermann ◽  
W. Wolfgang Fleischhacker
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Work Group ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
World Health ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Diagnostic Criterion

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) was published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 2013, and the Work Group on the Classification of Psychotic disorders (WGPD), installed by the World Health Organization (WHO), is expected to publish the new chapter about schizophrenia and other primary psychotic disorders in 2017. We reviewed the available literature to summarize the major changes, innovations, and developments of both manuals. If available and possible, we outline the theoretical background behind these changes. Due to the fact that the development of ICD-11 has not yet been completed, the details about ICD-11 are still proposals under ongoing revision. In this ongoing process, they may be revised and therefore have to be seen as proposals. DSM-5 has eliminated schizophrenia subtypes and replaced them with a dimensional approach based on symptom assessments. ICD-11 will most likely go in a similar direction, as both manuals are planned to be more harmonized, although some differences will remain in details and the conceptual orientation. Next to these modifications, ICD-11 will provide a transsectional diagnostic criterion for schizoaffective disorders and a reorganization of acute and transient psychotic and delusional disorders. In this manuscript, we will compare the 2 classification systems.

Obsessive compulsive and related disorders: comparing DSM-5 and ICD-11

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 324-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Marras ◽  
Naomi Fineberg ◽  
Stefano Pallanti
Keyword(s):  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
World Health ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Draft Version ◽  
Health Organization

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been recognized as mainly characterized by compulsivity rather than anxiety and, therefore, was removed from the anxiety disorders chapter and given its own in both the American Psychiatric Association (APA)Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM-5) and the Beta Draft Version of the 11th revision of the World Health Organization (WHO)International Classification of Diseases(ICD-11). This revised clustering is based on increasing evidence of common affected neurocircuits between disorders, differently from previous classification systems based on interrater agreement. In this article, we focus on the classification of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders (OCRDs), examining the differences in approach adopted by these 2 nosological systems, with particular attention to the proposed changes in the forthcoming ICD-11. At this stage, notable differences in the ICD classification are emerging from the previous revision, apparently converging toward a reformulation of OCRDs that is closer to the DSM-5.

Classification of diabetes. World Health Organization 2019. What’s new?

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-339
Author(s):  
Irina V. Kononenko ◽  
Olga M. Smirnova ◽  
Aleksandr Y. Mayorov ◽  
Marina V. Shestakova
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
World Health ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Practical Guidance ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Hybrid Forms

The review focuses on the new WHO classification published in 2019. Unlike the previous classification, this classification does not recognize subtypes of T1DM and T2DM and offers new types of diabetes: “hybrid types of diabetes” and “unclassified diabetes”. This classification provides practical guidance to clinicians for assigning a type of diabetes to individuals and choose appropriate treatment (whether or not to start treatment with insulin), particularly at the time of diagnosis. This review presents the variety of forms of diabetes, the features of their clinical picture, and also emphasizes the importance of molecular genetic and immunological studies to identify types of diabetes and determine personalized therapy. The selection of “hybrid forms” of diabetes is due to the fact that the treatment of these types of diabetes has its own characteristics associated with the specific pathogenesis of diseases. However, it is obvious that further studies should relate to the study of the mechanisms of damage and decrease in the function of в-cells. Perhaps future classification systems and, as a consequence, personalized treatment will focus on various mechanisms of damage to β-cells.

Congruence Between 1994 WHO Classification of Endometrial Hyperplasia and Endometrial Intraepithelial Neoplasia System

2019 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Travaglino ◽  
Antonio Raffone ◽  
Gabriele Saccone ◽  
Massimo Mascolo ◽  
Maurizio Guida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Atypical Hyperplasia ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
World Health ◽  
Endometrial Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Subgroup Analyses ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Objectives To assess congruence between World Health Organization (WHO) 1994 and endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN) classification systems of endometrial hyperplasia. Methods Systematic review and meta-analysis were performed by searching electronic databases for studies that classified endometrial hyperplasia according to both WHO 1994 and EIN systems. Congruence was based on the rate of specimens classified as EIN in WHO categories, which should be virtually 0.000 in nonatypical hyperplasia (NAH) and 1.000 in atypical hyperplasia (AH). Subgroup analyses were performed based on architecture complexity. Results Eight studies with 1,352 hyperplasias were included. Congruence with EIN criteria was fair in NAH (0.241) and moderate in AH (0.815). Subgroup analyses of NAH showed high congruence in simple NAH (0.065), null in complex NAH (0.517), null in simple AH (0.148), and high in complex AH (0.901). Conclusions WHO 1994 system is not congruent with the EIN system and cannot be directly translated into a dual classification.

scholarly journals Implications of Historical Evidence for the Classification of Eating Disorders

1994 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Li. Parry-Jones ◽  
Brenda Parry-Jones
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
World Health ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Clinical Detail ◽  
Health Organization

Successive editions of the ICD and DSM classification systems have exercised a major influence over contemporary diagnostic practice and perceptions of the form and structure of disorders. Periodic revision has been based on clinical and epidemiological research, and minimal attention has been given to any possible contribution from historical evidence. To test the potential value of such evidence, the historical manifestations of four eating disorders (anorexia, bulimia, rumination and pica) were considered in relation to the clinical descriptions and diagnostic criteria of DSM–III–R (American Psychiatric Association, 1987) and ICD–10 (World Health Organization, 1992). For each disorder, evidence is presented of continuities and discontinuities with the phenomena recognised currently. Instances of symptom overlap between disorders and the implications of the historical findings for some current classificatory issues are discussed. When spread over several centuries, case numbers remain relatively small, the amount of clinical detail is highly variable, and temporal distribution is uneven. The conclusions that can be drawn, therefore, are necessarily somewhat tentative and subjective.

scholarly journals Understanding the New WHO Classification of Lymphoid Malignancies: Why It's Important and How It Will Affect Practice

2017 ◽  
pp. 535-546
Author(s):  
Elaine S. Jaffe ◽  
Paul M. Barr ◽  
Sonali M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Who Classification ◽  
World Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Lymphoid Malignancy ◽  
Lymphoid Malignancies ◽  
Clinical Investigations ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Framework

Improved delineation of lymphoid malignancy biology has prompted refinement of the 2008 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of hematopoietic and lymphoid tumors with a new framework introduced in 2016. This knowledge has provided valuable insights regarding management. Early clonal proliferations have been set apart given their limited potential for malignant dissemination. Increasing knowledge of molecular drivers of aggressive lymphomas has allowed subclassification and opportunity for clinical investigations to personalize therapy. New insights into T-cell pathophysiology has allowed grouping based on shared molecular and cellular features. This article will summarize the key changes in terms of diagnosis and histopathologic definitions, the impact of these changes on clinical management, and the challenges of future research in this field.

scholarly journals Classification of stillbirths is an ongoing dilemma

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Nappi ◽  
Federica Trezza ◽  
Pantaleo Bufo ◽  
Irene Riezzo ◽  
Emanuela Turillazzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
World Health ◽  
Fetal Autopsy ◽  
Unexplained Death ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
Associated Conditions ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractAim:To compare different classification systems in a cohort of stillbirths undergoing a comprehensive workup; to establish whether a particular classification system is most suitable and useful in determining cause of death, purporting the lowest percentage of unexplained death.Methods:Cases of stillbirth at gestational age 22–41 weeks occurring at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Foggia University during a 4 year period were collected. The World Health Organization (WHO) diagnosis of stillbirth was used. All the data collection was based on the recommendations of an Italian diagnostic workup for stillbirth. Two expert obstetricians reviewed all cases and classified causes according to five classification systems.Results:Relevant Condition at Death (ReCoDe) and Causes Of Death and Associated Conditions (CODAC) classification systems performed best in retaining information. The ReCoDe system provided the lowest rate of unexplained stillbirth (14%) compared to de Galan-Roosen (16%), CODAC (16%), Tulip (18%), Wigglesworth (62%).Conclusion:Classification of stillbirth is influenced by the multiplicity of possible causes and factors related to fetal death. Fetal autopsy, placental histology and cytogenetic analysis are strongly recommended to have a complete diagnostic evaluation. Commonly employed classification systems performed differently in our experience, the most satisfactory being the ReCoDe. Given the rate of “unexplained” cases, none can be considered optimal and further efforts are necessary to work out a clinically useful system.

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