scholarly journals On the importance of albumin binding for the flux of 7α-hydroxy-3-oxo-4-cholestenoic acid in the brain

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Saeed ◽  
Erik Edström ◽  
Irina Pikuleva ◽  
Gösta Eggertsen ◽  
Ingemar Björkhem
Keyword(s):  
Albumin Binding ◽  
Cholestenoic Acid ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Cholestenoic Acid Is an Important Elimination Product of Cholesterol in the Retina: Comparison of Retinal Cholesterol Metabolism with That in the Brain

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Mast ◽  
Rachel Reem ◽  
Ilya Bederman ◽  
Suber Huang ◽  
Pier Luigi DiPatre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Cholestenoic Acid ◽  
The Brain

Changes in serum tryptophan and albumin binding of tryptophan in chlorpromazine-treated chronic schizophrenics on withdrawal and restoration of drug therapy

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Bender ◽  
R. M. Pigache ◽  
J. Gruzelier ◽  
N. Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Drug Withdrawal ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Albumin Binding ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Serotonin Synthesis ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenics ◽  
Tryptophan Concentration ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Low Serum

SynopsisWithdrawal of drug from a group of chlorpromazine-treated chronic male schizophrenics led to a significant rise in the initially low serum tryptophan concentration, and a rise in the fraction freely diffusible. These changes, which would be expected to lead to an increase in tryptophan influx into the brain, and hence to an increase in cerebral serotonin synthesis, could be related to the clinical effects of drug withdrawal.

scholarly journals Metabolism of 27-, 25- and 24-hydroxycholesterol in rat glial cells and neurons

1997 ◽  
Vol 322 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie ZHANG ◽  
Yvette AKWA ◽  
Martine EL-ETR ◽  
Etienne-Emile BAULIEU ◽  
Jan SJÖVALL
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Hydroxylated Metabolites ◽  
Cholestenoic Acid ◽  
The Media ◽  
Rat Astrocytes ◽  
Endogenous Precursor ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Brain

The metabolism of 27-, 25- and 24-hydroxycholesterol in cultures of rat astrocytes, Schwann cells and neurons was studied. 27- and 25-Hydroxycholesterol, but not 24-hydroxycholesterol, underwent 7α-hydroxylation with subsequent oxidation to 7α-hydroxy-3-oxo-Δ4 steroids in all three cell types. When cells were incubated for 24 h with 0.28 nmol of 27-hydroxycholesterol in 10 ml of medium, the rates of conversion into 7α-hydroxylated metabolites were 0.21, 0.12 and 0.02 nmol/24 h per 106 cells in the media of astrocytes, Schwann cells and neurons respectively. The corresponding values for 25-hydroxycholesterol were 0.26, 0.16 and 0.04. A minor fraction of 27-hydroxycholesterol and its 7α-hydroxylated metabolites was oxidized to 3β-hydroxy-5-cholestenoic acid, 3β,7α-dihydroxy-5-cholestenoic acid and 7α-hydroxy-3-oxo-4-cholestenoic acid. In addition to the two hydroxycholesterols, other 3β-hydroxy-Δ5 steroids, dehydroepiandrosterone, pregnenolone, 3β-hydroxy-5-cholestenoic acid and 3β-hydroxy-5-cholenoic acid underwent 7α-hydroxylation. Competitive experiments did not distinguish between the presence of one or several 7α-hydroxylases. In astrocyte incubations, 27-hydroxycholesterol also underwent 25-hydroxylation, and 12% of its metabolites carried a 25-hydroxy group. 25-Hydroxylation of added 24-hydroxycholesterol was also observed in the astrocyte incubations, as was the formation of 7α,25-dihydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one, 25-hydroxycholesterol and 7α,25-dihydroxycholesterol from endogenous precursor(s). Our study indicates that side-chain oxygenated cholesterol can undergo metabolic transformations that may be of importance for cholesterol homoeostasis in the brain.

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