scholarly journals The N-terminal region of acyl-CoA synthetase 3 is essential for both the localization on lipid droplets and the function in fatty acid uptake

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 888-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarete Poppelreuther ◽  
Berenice Rudolph ◽  
Chen Du ◽  
Regina Großmann ◽  
Melanie Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Fatty Acid Uptake ◽  
Terminal Region ◽  
Acid Uptake

scholarly journals L-FABP and I-FABP expression increase NBD-stearate uptake and cytoplasmic diffusion in L cells

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (2) ◽  
pp. G244-G249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Diffusion Rate ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Fatty Acid Uptake ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Intact Cells ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding

The effects of intestinal and liver fatty acid binding protein (I- and L-FABP, respectively) expression on single-cell fatty acid uptake, internalization, and cytoplasmic diffusion were determined in transfected L cell fibroblasts. These parameters were measured using the nonesterifiable fluorescent fatty acid probe 12- N-methyl-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol)aminostearate (NBD-stearate) and fluorescence digital imaging. In single-cell fluorescence imaging experiments, L-FABP-expressing cells, but not I-FABP-expressing cells, increased NBD-stearate uptake 1.7-fold compared with control cells. Both I- and L-FABP increased the cytoplasmic diffusion rate of the internalized NBD-stearate 2.6- and 1.9-fold, respectively, compared with control cells. However, increased NBD-stearate lateral membrane mobility was observed only in L-FABP-expressing cells. After incubation of the cells with 4 μM NBD-stearate at 37°C for 30 min, fluorescence deconvolution imaging indicated that NBD-stearate was localized primarily into lipid droplets in all cell lines. The differential effect of these proteins on fatty acid uptake and intracellular trafficking in single cells illustrates a possible difference in the physiological function of I- and L-FABP in intact cells.

scholarly journals Sterol carrier protein-2 expression increases NBD-stearate uptake and cytoplasmic diffusion in L cells

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (2) ◽  
pp. G237-G243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fluorescence Imaging ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Fatty Acid Uptake ◽  
Carrier Protein ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Sterol Carrier Protein ◽  
L Cells ◽  
Sterol Carrier Protein 2

The effects of sterol carrier protein-2 (SCP-2) expression on fatty acid uptake and cytoplasmic diffusion were determined using L cell fibroblasts transfected with cDNA encoding either the 15- or 13.2-kDa form of SCP-2. Cis-parinarate and 12- N-methyl-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol)aminostearate (NBD-stearate) were used as nonesterifiable fluorescent fatty acid probes. NBD-stearate and cis-parinarate uptake was rapid and saturable. In 15-kDa SCP-2-expressing cells, the extent of NBD-stearate and cis-parinarate uptake was increased 1.4- and 1.2-fold, respectively, compared with control. In the 13.2-kDa SCP-2-expressing cells, the extent of NBD-stearate and cis-parinarate uptake was increased 1.3- and 1.1-fold, respectively, compared with control cells. NBD-stearate cytoplasmic diffusion was increased 1.5-fold in 15-kDa SCP-2-expressing cells, but not in 13.2-kDa SCP-2-expressing cells, compared with control cells. After incubation with NBD-stearate for 30 min at 37°C, fluorescence imaging indicated that NBD-stearate was localized primarily in lipid droplets in all cell lines. These results suggest that SCP-2 may be involved not only in fatty acid uptake but also in intracellular fatty acid trafficking.

scholarly journals Metabolism of palmitate in perfused rat liver. Effect of low and high ethanol concentrations at various concentrations of palmitate in the perfusion medium

1979 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Kondrup ◽  
Frank Lundquist ◽  
Stig E. Damgaard
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Fatty Acid Uptake ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Acute Fatty Liver ◽  
Cytoplasmic Lipid Droplets ◽  
Ethanol Ethanol ◽  
High Ethanol

1. The effect of ethanol on the metabolism of [1-14C]palmitate in rat liver was investigated in a single-pass perfusion system at concentrations of 10mm- or 80mm-ethanol and 0.2mm- or 1mm-palmitate. 2. After the perfusion the hepatic lipid was isolated in subcellular fractions. The two major fractions contained triacylglycerol from cytoplasmic lipid droplets and from endoplasmic reticulum plus Golgi apparatus respectively. 3. In experiments with 0.2mm-palmitate perfusion with 10mm- or 80mm-ethanol did not measurably increase the esterification, and the oxidation was markedly decreased and the fatty acid uptake was not affected. 4. Perfusion with ethanol, at 1mm-palmitate, increased the fatty acid uptake, increased esterification and decreased oxidation. The effects of 10mm- and 80mm-ethanol were similar. The incorporation of [1-14C]palmitate into triacylglycerol in cytoplasmic lipid droplets was not affected statistically significantly by ethanol. Ethanol increased the incorporation of [1-14C]palmitate into di- and tri-acylglycerol in the membranous fraction. Estimated chemically, the contents of di- and tri-acylglycerol were only slightly affected by ethanol. These results suggest that the effect of ethanol was to increase the turnover of fatty acids in triacylglycerol rather than to increase its accumulation. 5. The results indicate that an increased concentration of fatty acids is more important for the formation of acute fatty liver in fed rats than are the direct effects of ethanol on hepatic fatty acid metabolism.

scholarly journals The phospholipid monolayer associated with perilipin-enriched lipid droplets is a highly organized rigid membrane structure

2011 ◽  
Vol 301 (5) ◽  
pp. E991-E1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Storey ◽  
Avery L. McIntosh ◽  
Subramanian Senthivinayagam ◽  
Kenneth C. Moon ◽  
Barbara P. Atshaves
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Membrane Trafficking ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Protein Targeting ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Fatty Acid Uptake ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Phospholipid Monolayer

The significance of lipid droplets (LD) in lipid metabolism, cell signaling, and membrane trafficking is increasingly recognized, yet the role of the LD phospholipid monolayer in LD protein targeting and function remains unknown. To begin to address this issue, two populations of LD were isolated by ConA sepharose affinity chromatography: 1) functionally active LD enriched in perilipin, caveolin-1, and several lipolytic proteins, including ATGL and HSL; and 2) LD enriched in ADRP and TIP47 that contained little to no lipase activity. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments confirmed the close association of caveolin and perilipin and lack of interaction between caveolin and ADRP, in keeping with the separation observed with the ConA procedure. The phospholipid monolayer structure was evaluated to reveal that the perilipin-enriched LD exhibited increased rigidity (less fluidity), as shown by increased cholesterol/phospholipid, Sat/Unsat, and Sat/MUFA ratios. These results were confirmed by DPH-TMA, NBD-cholesterol, and NBD-sphingomyelin fluorescence polarization studies. By structure and organization, the perilipin-enriched LD most closely resembled the adipocyte PM. In contrast, the ADRP/TIP47-enriched LD contained a more fluid monolayer membrane, reflecting decreased polarizations and lipid order based on phospholipid fatty acid analysis. Taken together, results indicate that perilipin and associated lipolytic enzymes target areas in the phospholipid monolayer that are highly organized and rigid, similar in structure to localized areas of the PM where cholesterol and fatty acid uptake and efflux occur.

Unaltered Fatty Acid Uptake, Utilization, and Mitochondrial Respiration in Right Atrial Appendage of Type 2 Diabetic Human Heart

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 335-OR
Author(s):  
NANDINI RJ ◽  
SR RAJI ◽  
VIVEK V. PILLAI ◽  
JAYAKUMAR K. ◽  
SRINIVAS GOPALA
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Mitochondrial Respiration ◽  
Human Heart ◽  
Fatty Acid Uptake ◽  
Atrial Appendage ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Right Atrial Appendage ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Lipid Accumulation and Chronic Kidney Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhibo Gai ◽  
Tianqi Wang ◽  
Michele Visentin ◽  
Gerd Kullak-Ublick ◽  
Xianjun Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Scavenger Receptor ◽  
Fatty Acid Uptake ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Fatty Acid Transport ◽  
Acid Uptake

Obesity and hyperlipidemia are the most prevalent independent risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD), suggesting that lipid accumulation in the renal parenchyma is detrimental to renal function. Non-esterified fatty acids (also known as free fatty acids, FFA) are especially harmful to the kidneys. A concerted, increased FFA uptake due to high fat diets, overexpression of fatty acid uptake systems such as the CD36 scavenger receptor and the fatty acid transport proteins, and a reduced β-oxidation rate underlie the intracellular lipid accumulation in non-adipose tissues. FFAs in excess can damage podocytes, proximal tubular epithelial cells and the tubulointerstitial tissue through various mechanisms, in particular by boosting the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation, promoting mitochondrial damage and tissue inflammation, which result in glomerular and tubular lesions. Not all lipids are bad for the kidneys: polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) seem to help lag the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Lifestyle interventions, especially dietary adjustments, and lipid-lowering drugs can contribute to improve the clinical outcome of patients with CKD.

Effect of insulin on free fatty acid uptake by hepatocytes in the duck

1984 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gross ◽  
P. Mialhe
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Uptake ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Higher Doses

ABSTRACT To elucidate the hypolipacidaemic effect of insulin in ducks, its action on the uptake of free fatty acids (FFA) by duck hepatocytes was determined. At low doses (10 mu./l) insulin stimulated FFA uptake. This effect was not observed with higher doses of insulin (20, 30 and 50 mu./l). Growth hormone at physiological concentrations and corticosterone (14·4 nmol/l) decreased basal activity, probably by reducing glucose metabolism and consequently α-glycerophosphate (α-GP) supply. Insulin was able to reverse the inhibition induced by GH and corticosterone on both FFA uptake and α-GP production. These results therefore suggest that the hypolipacidaemic effect of insulin may be partly mediated by its action on hepatic FFA uptake. J. Endocr. (1984) 102, 381–386

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