Documenting Liquefaction and Lateral Spreading Triggered by the 12 January 2010 Haiti Earthquake

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (1_suppl1) ◽  
pp. 93-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott M. Olson ◽  
Russell A. Green ◽  
Samuel Lasley ◽  
Nathaniel Martin ◽  
Brady R. Cox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Lateral Spreading ◽  
Haiti Earthquake ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Surface Mapping ◽  
Cone Penetration Tests ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Flow Failure ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Laboratory Index

The 12 January 2010 Haiti earthquake (Mw 7.0) caused extensive damage to the Port-au-Prince region, including severe liquefaction failures along the Gulf of Gonâve coastline, along rivers north of Port-au-Prince draining into the Gulf, and a liquefaction-induced structural/bearing capacity failure of a three-story concrete hotel along the southern coast of the Gulf. During two reconnaissance missions, the authors documented ground conditions and performance at eight sites that liquefied and two sites that did not liquefy. Geotechnical characterization included surface mapping, dynamic cone penetration tests, hand auger borings, and laboratory index tests. The authors estimated median peak ground accelerations (PGAs) of approximately 0.17g to 0.48g at these sites using the Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) relations summarized by Power et. al. (2008) . These case histories are documented here so that they can be used to augment databases of level-ground/near level-ground liquefaction, lateral spreading, liquefaction flow failure, and liquefaction-induced bearing capacity failure.

scholarly journals Pile Capacity Calculation by using SPT and CPT Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1377-1387
Author(s):  
Ertan Bol ◽  
Zeynep Süreyya Genç
Keyword(s):  
Field Tests ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Pile Capacity ◽  
Cone Penetration Tests ◽  
Pore Water Pressures ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Capacity Calculation ◽  
Specific Geometry ◽  
Foundation Type ◽  
Penetration Tests

In this paper, a study has been carried out to estimate the ultimate capacities of concrete circular piles which are used as foundation type due to reasons such as poor ground conditions, seismicity, high or irregular loads etc. by field tests. Two cone penetration tests (CPTU), which measure the pore water pressures on alluvial soils of the Adapazarı plain, were conducted at the same locations with drillings which SPT tests were carried out. Ultimate capacities of a single pile with a specific geometry were determined by the methods proposed in the literature by using the data obtained from SPT and CPT field tests at both points. According to this, it is concluded that pile capacities can give very different results even in short distances in regions which offer sudden layer changes in horizontal and vertical. Disadvantages of the SPT test in practice compared to CPT have been shown to cause also different values of pile capacities.

scholarly journals Investigation of Liquefaction and Lateral Spreading in Riverside Soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1396-1409
Author(s):  
Sedat Sert ◽  
Ertan Bol ◽  
Aşkın Özocak
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Lateral Spreading ◽  
Liquefaction Potential ◽  
Geotechnical Assessment ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Sakarya River

It is planned to construct some buildings within the scope of recreation project (Sakarya Park-2) which is planned to be built on the banks of Sakarya River in Erenler District of Sakarya Province. In this paper, the geotechnical assessment of the liquefaction and lateral spreading of the ground conditions is carried out for the structures planned to be built and the fortifications planned to be built on the riverside. In this study, plankote, current and application maps of the area were utilized and considering the seismicity of the region; soil profile was evaluated and possible problems were questioned by investigating foundation bearing capacity, settlements, liquefaction potential and lateral spreading risk.

Assessment of Liquefaction-Induced Land Damage for Residential Christchurch

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. van Ballegooy ◽  
P. Malan ◽  
V. Lacrosse ◽  
M. E. Jacka ◽  
M. Cubrinovski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Spreading ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Ground Subsidence ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Ground Failure ◽  
Cone Penetration Tests ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Penetration Tests

Christchurch, New Zealand, experienced four major earthquakes (Mw 5.9 to 7.1) since 4 September 2010 that triggered localized to widespread liquefaction. Liquefaction caused significant damage to residential foundations due to ground subsidence, ground failure, and lateral spreading. This paper describes the land damage assessment process for Christchurch, including the collection and processing of extensive data and observations related to liquefaction, the characterization of liquefaction effects on land performance, and the quantification of losses for insurance compensation purposes. The paper also examines the effectiveness of several existing liquefaction vulnerability parameters and a new parameter developed through this research, Liquefaction Severity Number ( LSN), in explaining the observed liquefaction-induced damage in residential areas of Christchurch using results from 11,500 cone penetration tests (CPTs) as well as a robust regional groundwater model.

Evaluation of lateral response of single piles to adjacent excavation using data from cone penetration tests

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongjiang Li ◽  
Songyu Liu ◽  
Liyuan Tong
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Pile Foundations ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Cone Penetration Tests ◽  
Lateral Response ◽  
Stress Changes ◽  
Full Scale Tests ◽  
Penetration Tests

Excavation inevitably induces stress changes in the surrounding soil, which causes significant lateral movements, additional forces, and bending moments in the existing pile foundations. To prevent or minimize damage to adjacent piles, this paper presents an actual full-scale instrumented study to examine the lateral response of existing piles to an adjacent test pit excavation. Cone penetration tests (CPTs) near the test piles before and after excavation are conducted and compared. A simple p–y evolution model for lateral piles during excavation is proposed. The proposed model is defined by the pre-excavation and post-excavation p–y curves from CPT data, which can provide better predictions by comparison with the field measured results. Additionally, for analysis of the pile behaviour after excavation, the observed lateral bearing capacity of full-scale tests are compared with those computed by the pre-excavation and post-excavation p–y curves. The post-excavation p–y curve can generally give a satisfactory prediction of the residual pile bearing capacity after excavation. The calculated results from the free-field cone parameters have a serious overestimation and are detrimental to the service design of pile foundations.

Geotechnical Aspects of Failures at Port-au-Prince Seaport during the 12 January 2010 Haiti Earthquake

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (1_suppl1) ◽  
pp. 43-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell A. Green ◽  
Scott M. Olson ◽  
Brady R. Cox ◽  
Glenn J. Rix ◽  
Ellen Rathje ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Performance ◽  
Carbonate Content ◽  
Haiti Earthquake ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Calcareous Sand ◽  
Cone Penetration Tests ◽  
Empirical Relations ◽  
Geotechnical Investigations ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Penetration Tests

Presented herein are the results of geotechnical investigations and subsequent laboratory and data analyses of the Port-au-Prince seaport following the Mw7.0 2010 Haiti earthquake. The earthquake caused catastrophic ground failures in calcareous-sand artificial fills at the seaport, including liquefaction, lateral spreads, differential settlements, and collapse of the pile-supported wharf and pier. The site characterization entailed geotechnical borings, hand-auger borings, standard penetration tests, and dynamic cone penetration tests. The laboratory tests included grain size and carbonate content tests. The observations and results presented herein add valuable field performance data for calcareous sands, which are relatively lacking in liquefaction case history databases, and the overall response of the artificial fills are consistent with predictions made using semi-empirical relations developed primarily from field data of silica sands.

Prediction of pile shaft resistance using cone penetration tests (CPTs)

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 74-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hassan Baziar ◽  
Armin Kashkooli ◽  
Alireza Saeedi-Azizkandi
Keyword(s):  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Shaft Resistance ◽  
Pile Shaft ◽  
Cone Penetration Tests ◽  
Penetration Tests
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