The Assessment of Damage Limitation State in the Seismic Analysis of Monumental Buildings

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Lagomarsino ◽  
Sonia Resemini
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Seismic Analysis ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Equilibrium Limit ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Damage Limitation ◽  
Verification Tools ◽  
Historical Masonry

The structural safety evaluation of monumental and historical buildings in seismic prone areas requires the availability of appropriate verification tools, in order to ensure both a realistic estimation and the feasibility of the method. In the case of historical masonry structures, such as palaces or churches, local damage mechanisms often take place (e.g., out-of-plane overturning). A procedure to assess the seismic vulnerability of these mechanisms, focusing on the damage limitation state, is developed through equilibrium limit analysis. Moreover, the possibility of enriching the formulation, including constructive and technological aspects, which may modify structural response, is shown.

Seismic Analysis for the Structural Retrofit of “Palazzo della Civiltà Italiana” in Rome EUR, Italy

2010 ◽  
Vol 133-134 ◽  
pp. 753-758
Author(s):  
Tomaso Trombetti ◽  
Claudio Ceccoli ◽  
Giada Gasparini ◽  
Stefano Silvestri
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Structural Reliability ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Seismic Analysis ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Structure ◽  
Construction Technique ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Original Configuration

The “Palazzo della Civiltà Italiana” is a monumental building characterized by a reinforced concrete structure composed of parallel (cast in situ) portal frames and composite (reinforced concrete + hollow bricks floors which spans between adjacent portals: a common construction technique in Italy. The floors being characterised by a large span of about 10.0 meters. The construction took place between 1939 and 1943, most likely according to the Italian building code published in 1939. The authors have coordinated a comprehensive experimental campaign aimed at (a) the identification of the characteristics of the structural materials and members, and (b) the identification of eventual damages. Based upon the experimental results a number of analytical and numerical investigations have been developed in order to assess the structural reliability of the “Palazzo” which up to date still is remains in its “original” configuration, as no substantial intervention of structural retrofit or rehabilitation have been implemented so far. These analysis allowed to identify two major reliability issues: (i) the load bearing capacities of the floors do not allow the intended use, and (ii) the seismic vulnerability of the building does not satisfy the reliability standards required by current codes. On the basis of all data acquired and investigations performed, a simple (non invasive) structural retrofit solution capable of bringing the “Palazzo” to the level of structural safety required by current codes is identified.

Seismic Vulnerability of Italian Historical Towns: The Case of Borgo San Rocco

2021 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Valentina Cima ◽  
Valentina Tomei ◽  
Ernesto Grande ◽  
Maura Imbimbo
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Masonry Buildings ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
Seismic Safety ◽  
Collapse Mechanisms ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Historical Masonry ◽  
A Current

The assessment of the seismic safety level of masonry buildings is a current and important issue at the basis of the complex process of preservation of historical masonry buildings which constitute mostly the Italian and European towns. Nowadays, different approaches able to provide important information concerning the seismic safety level of masonry structures are available. Among these, fragility curves allow to have a prediction of potential damages during an earthquake of geographical areas characterized by similar construction typologies. The present paper concerns the derivation of fragility curves of masonry buildings, typical of Italian historical towns and mainly characterized by the possible occurrence of local out-of-plane collapse mechanisms. To this end, a real case is accounted in the study in order to consider specific parameters characterizing the constructions composing these territorial realities.

scholarly journals Effect of Cohesive Contact of Backfill with Arch and Spandrel Walls of a Historical Masonry Arch Bridge on Seismic Response

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emin Hokelekli
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Analysis ◽  
Time History ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Masonry Arch ◽  
Arch Bridge ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Historical Masonry ◽  
Masonry Arch Bridge ◽  
East West

Historical masonry bridges generally consist of arches, spandrels walls, backfills, piers and foundations. Under the effects such as earthquake, flood and wind, the most vulnerable structural elements of bridges against out-of-plane seismic motions are spandrel walls. Increasing length and height of spandrel walls increases the vulnerability of the bridge under loads in vertical and transverse directions. The aim of this research is to examine the in-plane and out-of-plane non-linear structural responses of the spandrel walls of a historical masonry bridge. For this purpose, a historical masonry arch bridge with built in 1787 in Bartın-Turkey was chosen as the subject structure. The 3D finite element model and nonlinear seismic analyses of the bridge were performed with ABAQUS. Initially, the backfill-spandrels and backfill-arch interfaces of the bridge were modeled with and without cohesive contact. The non-linear material responses of the spandrel walls and the arch units were defined using Concrete Damage Plasticity material model and those of the backfill unit were defined with Mohr-Coulomb material model. The east-west component of 17 August 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake’s acceleration records was used in the analyses. The east-west acceleration component was applied on the bridge in-plane and out-of-plane directions during the time-history non-linear seismic analysis of the bridge. The results obtained from the analyses with and without the consideration of cohesive contact were compared to evaluate the seismic responses of the spandrel walls. As a result, cohesive interface behavior was found to significantly affect the spandrel wall response under in- plane and out-of-plane seismic forces.

Rehabilitation of Masonry Buildings with Fibre Reinforced Mortar: Practical Design Considerations Concerning Seismic Resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ingrid Boem ◽  
Natalino Gattesco
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Seismic Resistance ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Masonry Buildings ◽  
Historic Masonry ◽  
Collapse Mode ◽  
Practical Design ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Historical Masonry

Historic masonry buildings experience a high seismic vulnerability: innovative intervention strategies for strengthening, based on the use of fibre-based composite materials are gradually spreading. In particular, the coupling of fibre-based materials with mortar layers (Fibre Reinforced Mortar technique - FRM) evidenced a good chemical and mechanical compatibility with the historical masonry and proved to be effective for the enhancement of both in-plane and out-of-plane performances of masonry, contrasting the opening of cracks and improving both resistance and ductility. The resistant mechanisms that arise in FRM strengthened masonry walls subjected to in-plane horizontal actions are analyzed in the paper and a practical design approach to evaluate their performances is illustrated, evidencing the dominant collapse mode at the varying of the masonry characteristics. Some masonry walls are analyzed numerically and analytically, as “case study”.

Seismic Fragility Analysis of a Water Storage Structure

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-507
Author(s):  
Kapilesh Bhargava ◽  
A. K. Ghosh ◽  
S. Ramanujam
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Seismic Analysis ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Seismic Fragility ◽  
Material Strength ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Storage Structure ◽  
Modes Of Failure ◽  
Hydrodynamic Effects

Probabilistic seismic risk assessment (PSRA) of a structure is essential to identify the seismic vulnerability of structural members associated with the different stages of damage. Seismic fragility evaluation is a widely accepted approach to develop seismic vulnerability information for the structures. The present paper is concerned with the seismic response and fragility evaluation of a water storage structure. Seismic analysis has been carried out considering the hydrodynamic effects of the contained water. For seismic fragility evaluation, the various parameters that could affect the seismic structural response have been identified as material strength of concrete, structural damping available within the structure, and the normalized ground motion response spectral shape. Based on this limited case study, the seismic fragility of the structure is developed as families of conditional probability curves plotted as a function of peak ground acceleration at the location of interest. The paper presents the method adopted for the seismic fragility evaluation that incorporates the various randomness and uncertainty associated with the parameters under consideration. Typical results of fragility have been presented for different stresses, i.e., corresponding to the different modes of failure. The results of the fragility study show that the seismic structural response at the location of interest is quite sensitive to the randomness and uncertainty associated with the variable parameters considered in the present study. These results will be useful for PSRA studies.

SEISMIC VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT FOR SAN FRANCISCO TEMPLE IN MORELIA, MEXICO

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Special Issue on First SACEE'19) ◽  
pp. 207-2016
Author(s):  
Guillermo Martinez ◽  
David Castillo ◽  
José Jara ◽  
Bertha Olmos
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Seismic Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Seismic Demands ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Seismic Records ◽  
Cracking Pattern ◽  
The Temple

This paper presents a first approximation of the seismic vulnerability of a sixteenth century building which is part of the historical center of Morelia, Mexico. The city was declared World Heritage by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization in 1991. The modeling and analysis of the building was carried out using a three-dimensional elastic tetrahedral finite elements model which was subjected to probabilistic seismic demands with recurrences of 500 yrs and 1000 yrs in addition to real seismic records. The model was able to correctly identify cracking pattern in different parts of the temple due to gravitational forces. High seismic vulnerability of the arched window and the walls of the middle part of the bell tower of the temple was indicated by the seismic analysis of the model.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of a Post-Earthquake Safety Assessment System for High-Rise Buildings Using Acceleration Measurements

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (15) ◽  
pp. 1758
Author(s):  
Koji Tsuchimoto ◽  
Yasutaka Narazaki ◽  
Billie F. Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Model Updating ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Steel Building ◽  
Earthquake Safety

After a major seismic event, structural safety inspections by qualified experts are required prior to reoccupying a building and resuming operation. Such manual inspections are generally performed by teams of two or more experts and are time consuming, labor intensive, subjective in nature, and potentially put the lives of the inspectors in danger. The authors reported previously on the system for a rapid post-earthquake safety assessment of buildings using sparse acceleration data. The proposed framework was demonstrated using simulation of a five-story steel building modeled with three-dimensional nonlinear analysis subjected to historical earthquakes. The results confirmed the potential of the proposed approach for rapid safety evaluation of buildings after seismic events. However, experimental validation on large-scale structures is required prior to field implementation. Moreover, an extension to the assessment of high-rise buildings, such as those commonly used for residences and offices in modern cities, is needed. To this end, a 1/3-scale 18-story experimental steel building tested on the shaking table at E-Defense in Japan is considered. The importance of online model updating of the linear building model used to calculate the Damage Sensitive Features (DSFs) during the operation is also discussed. Experimental results confirm the efficacy of the proposed approach for rapid post-earthquake safety evaluation for high-rise buildings. Finally, a cost-benefit analysis with respect to the number of sensors used is presented.

scholarly journals Numerical Evaluation of Structural Safety of Linear Actuator for Flap Control of Aircraft Based on Airworthiness Standard

Aerospace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Dong-Hyeop Kim ◽  
Young-Cheol Kim ◽  
Sang-Woo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Linear Actuator ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Margin Of Safety ◽  
Verification Methodology ◽  
The Given

Airworthiness standards of Korea recommend verifying structural safety by experimental tests and analytical methods, owing to the development of analysis technology. In this study, we propose a methodology to verify the structural safety of aircraft components based on airworthiness requirements using an analytical method. The structural safety and fatigue integrity of a linear actuator for flap control of aircraft was evaluated through numerical analysis. The static and fatigue analyses for the given loads obtained from the multibody dynamics analysis were performed using the finite element method. Subsequently, the margin of safety and vulnerable area were acquired and the feasibility of the structural safety evaluation using the analytical method was confirmed. The proposed numerical analysis method in this study can be adopted as an analytical verification methodology for the airworthiness standards of civilian aircraft in Korea.

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