Bridge Functionality Relationships for Improved Seismic Risk Assessment of Transportation Networks

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie E. Padgett ◽  
Reginald DesRoches
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Seismic Risk Assessment ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Damage States ◽  
Bridge Damage ◽  
The Impact

Relationships between bridge damage and the resulting loss of functionality of the bridge are critical to assessing the impact of an earthquake event on the performance of the transportation network. This study addresses this data need by use of a Web-based survey of central and southeastern U.S. Department of Transportation bridge inspectors and officials. Results of the 28 responses are analyzed and offer a link between various types of bridge component damage and the expected level of allowable traffic carrying capacity due to closure decisions and repair procedures. This data is utilized to assess the probability of meeting various damage states, expressed in terms of restoration of functionality, and subsequently facilitate the refinement of component limit-state capacities for analytical fragility curve development. The bridge functionality relationships and methodology outlined serve as the basis for refinement of critical tools in the seismic risk assessment framework and improved assessment of transportation network performance.

Seismic risk assessment of RC curved bridges through fragility curves

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina N. Serdar ◽  
Jelena R. Pejovic ◽  
Radenko Pejovic ◽  
Miloš Knežević
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Curved Bridges ◽  
Damage State ◽  
Seismic Risk Assessment ◽  
Probability Of Exceedance ◽  
Damage States

<p>It is of great importance that traffic network is still functioning in post- earthquake period, so that interventions in emergency situations are not delayed. Bridges are part of the traffic system that can be considered as critical for adequate post-earthquake response. Their seismic response often dominate the response and reliability of overall transportation system, so special attention should be given to risk assessment for these structures. In seismic vulnerability and risk assessment bridges are often classified as regular or irregular structures, dependant on their configuration. Curved bridges are considered as irregular and unexpected behaviour during seismic excitation is noticed in past earthquake events. Still there are an increasing number of these structures especially in densely populated urban areas since curved configuration is often suitable to accommodate complicated location conditions. In this paper special attention is given to seismic risk assessment of curved reinforce concrete bridges through fragility curves. Procedure for developing fragility curves is described as well as influence of radius curvature on their seismic vulnerability is investigated. Since vulnerability curves provide probability of exceedance of certain damage state, four damage states are considered: near collapse, significant damage, intermediate damage state, onset of damage and damage limitation. As much as possible these damage states are related to current European provisions. Radius of horizontal curvature is varied by changing subtended angle: 25 °, 45 ° and 90 °. Also one corresponding straight bridge is analysed. Nonlinear static procedure is used for developing of fragility curves. It was shown that probability of exceedance of certain damage states is increased as subtended angle is increased. Also it is determined that fragility of curved bridges can be related to fragility of straight counterparts what facilitates seismic evaluation of seismic vulnerability of curved bridges structures.</p>

scholarly journals A Contribution to a UHS-Based Seismic Risk Assessment in Croatia—A Case Study for the City of Osijek

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Pavić ◽  
Marijana Hadzima-Nyarko ◽  
Borko Bulajić
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Seismic Risk Assessment ◽  
Hazard Exposure ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Vulnerability Of Buildings ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

Due to increases in the number of inhabitants and their concentrations in densely populated areas, there is a growing need in modern society to be cautious towards the impact of catastrophic natural events. An earthquake is a particularly major example of this. Knowledge of the seismic vulnerability of buildings in Europe and around the world has deepened and expanded over the last 20 years, as a result of the many devastating earthquakes. In this study, a review of seismic risk assessment methods in Croatia was presented with respect to the hazard, exposure, and vulnerability of buildings in the fourth largest city (Osijek) in Croatia. The proposed algorithm for a detailed risk assessment was applied to a database and is currently in its initial stage.

Study Concerning the Level of Seismic Risk in Iasi Municipality

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
Georgiana Bunea ◽  
Cornel Doniga ◽  
Gabriela Maria Atanasiu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Extreme Events ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Seismic Risk Assessment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Town ◽  
General Perspective

Throughout its history, Iasi municipality has been subjected to many important seismic actions caused by earthquakes produced in Vrancea area, Romania. The impact of these extreme events upon the town increased in time as it developed, more buildings were constructed and the population density rose. The classes of buildings identified in Iasi municipality have been designed on different seismic standards, some of them being erected without taking into account the effect of seismic actions. The differences between the seismic norms’ regulations and the important earthquake’s history some of the buildings have, are outlining the need of seismic risk assessment in Iasi municipality. This paper aims to present some of the results of the seismic risk study in Iasi municipality, which was based on the completed seismic risk surveys and on the regulations of seismic standards. In this study, only the dwelling structures built before 1990 were considered, and the results were distributed on neighborhoods, for obtaining a general perspective on the seismic risk state of each area, by considering the buildings’ seismic vulnerability.

scholarly journals System-Level Seismic Risk Assessment of Bridge Transportation Networks Employing Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye-Young Tak ◽  
Wonho Suh ◽  
Young-Joo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Transportation Networks ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
System Level ◽  
Seismic Fragility ◽  
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard ◽  
Seismic Risk Assessment ◽  
The Matrix

Earthquakes can have significant impacts on transportation networks because of the physical damage they can cause to bridges. Hence, it is essential to assess the seismic risk of a bridge transportation network accurately. However, this is a challenging task because it requires estimating the performance of a bridge transportation network at the system level. Moreover, it is necessary to deal with various possible earthquake scenarios and the associated damage states of component bridges considering the uncertainty of earthquake locations and magnitudes. To overcome these challenges, this study proposes a new method of system-level seismic risk assessment for bridge transportation networks employing probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA). The proposed method consists of three steps: (1) seismic fragility estimation of the bridges based on PSHA; (2) system-level performance estimation using a matrix-based framework; and (3) seismic risk assessment based on the total probability theorem. In the proposed method, PSHA enables the seismic fragility estimation of the component bridges considering the uncertainty of earthquake locations and magnitudes, and it is systemically used to carry out a posthazard bridge network flow capacity analysis by employing the matrix-based framework. The proposed method provides statistical moments of the network performance and component importance measures, which can be used by decision makers to reduce the seismic risk of a target area. To test the proposed method, it is applied to a numerical example of an actual transportation network in South Korea. In the seismic risk assessment of the example, PSHA is successfully integrated with the matrix-based framework to perform system reliability analysis in a computationally efficient manner.

An improved model for seismic risk assessment in Portugal

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Marques ◽  
Ricardo Monteiro ◽  
Raimundo Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Civil Protection ◽  
Seismic Risk Assessment ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Earthquake Loss ◽  
Emergency Scenarios

Purpose Portugal experienced very destructive earthquakes in the past, such as the well-known “Lisbon earthquake” in 1755. With such in mind, accurate estimates of human and economic losses can play a significant role in providing various societal key players with objective information for response strategies. This paper aims to present the contribution of the most recent study in Portugal (PRISE) concerning comprehensive seismic risk assessment, which can be used as good practice and reproduced in different contexts. Design/methodology/approach PRISE (earthquake loss assessment of the Portuguese building stock) covered three main lines of research, corresponding to the three components typically considered in any seismic risk assessment study: the characterization of the seismic hazard, the identification of the exposure to earthquakes and loss potential and the vulnerability of the exposed assets. Each of these components has been fully characterized through the collection of census and local data (exposure), used to carry out nonlinear analysis (hazard and fragility). Findings By involving different research institutions and partners with extensive knowledge and expertise in the earthquake domains, the developed model is capable of producing economic and human earthquake loss estimates in real time (through an innovative Web-based platform) or for specific event scenarios, considering exposed population, residential and industrial buildings. The platform uses open-source tools and hence, it can be reproduced in other countries or contexts. Research limitations/implications Research wise, the hazard, vulnerability and exposure models can still be significantly improved, e.g. by adding critical infrastructure (hospitals, school buildings and bridges) or updating the nonlinear models, for more accurate loss predictions. Practical implications The findings and loss estimates for different earthquake scenarios show that planned interventions are required. Decision-makers and other relevant stakeholders (Civil Protection) can make use of the developed platform to produce specific estimates, to test the effect of different retrofitting interventions or to plan for emergency scenarios. Originality/value A real-time Web-based framework to estimate building damage and economic/human losses because of seismic events has been developed, aiming to provide the Portuguese Civil Protection and other playmakers with a unique platform for planning and preparing for emergency scenarios.

scholarly journals SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT OF ALGERIAN BUILDINGS IN URBAN AREA

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Zohra Baba Hamed ◽  
Driss Djaouad Rahal ◽  
Farid Rahal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Seismic Risk Assessment ◽  
Remedial Actions ◽  
Recent Earthquakes ◽  
The Impact

The recent earthquakes in Algeria have caused significant human and economic losses. The frequent occurrence of damaging earthquakes clearly demonstrates the urgent need of study on seismic risk assessment methods of buildings to effectively reduce the impact of earthquake in Algerian cities. This article contributes to the development and the application of a seismic risk method, appropriate to Algerian building specificities. This method considers five damage levels, defined accordingly to macroseismic intensity and the seismic quality of the building by means of a vulnerability index. The present paper summarises the development of a tool to integrate seismic hazard and structural information and support the decision making process in identification of seismic risk. This tool could be used in the inspection of buildings and the optimal prioritisation of strengthening and preventives remedial actions that are necessary prior to a major earthquake event.

Exploring the impact of epistemic uncertainty on a regional probabilistic seismic risk assessment model

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 997-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petros Kalakonas ◽  
Vitor Silva ◽  
Amaryllis Mouyiannou ◽  
Anirudh Rao
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Epistemic Uncertainty ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Risk Assessment Model ◽  
Seismic Risk Assessment ◽  
The Impact

Probabilistic Seismic Risk Assessment for Transportation Network

2012 ◽  
Vol 446-449 ◽  
pp. 2351-2356
Author(s):  
Zeng Zhong Wang ◽  
Yu Xin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Highway Bridge ◽  
Assessment Methodology ◽  
Seismic Risk Assessment ◽  
Hazard Estimation ◽  
Risk Assessment Methodology

This paper presents a probabilistic seismic risk assessment methodology developed for Highway Bridge including models for transportation network analysis, hazard estimation, and seismic performance of highway components and evaluation of the economic impact to serve as a tool in the decision process for earthquake disaster management including pre-earthquake and post earthquake actions. This study is focused on the development of a procedure for seismic risk assessment, based on a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis.

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