Seismic Vulnerability Assessment and Retrofit of a Major Natural Gas Pipeline System: A Case History

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 539-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dharma Wijewickreme ◽  
Douglas Honegger ◽  
Allen Mitchell ◽  
Trevor Fitzell
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Lateral Spreading ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Natural Gas Pipeline ◽  
Pipeline Systems

The performance of pipeline systems during earthquakes is a critical consideration in seismically active areas. Unique approaches to quantitative estimation of regional seismic vulnerability were developed for a seismic vulnerability assessment and upgrading program of a 500-km-long natural gas pipeline system in British Columbia, Canada. Liquefaction-induced lateral spreading was characterized in a probabilistic manner and generic pipeline configurations were modeled using finite elements. These approaches, developed during the early part of this 10-year program, are more robust than typical approaches currently used to assess energy pipeline systems. The methodology deployed within a GIS environment provided rational means of distinguishing between seismically vulnerable sites, and facilitated the prioritization of remedial works. While ground improvement or pipeline retrofit measures were appropriate for upgrading most of the vulnerable sites, replacement of pipeline segments using horizontal directional drilling to avoid liquefiable zones were required for others.

scholarly journals Oil Free Compression on a Natural Gas Pipeline

1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Cataford ◽  
R. P. Lancee
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Magnetic Bearings ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Natural Gas Pipeline ◽  
Booster Compressor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gas Seals ◽  
Shaft Seals ◽  
Past Experiences

Oil entrainment in the natural gas stream together with maintenance associated with oil systems have been long standing problems in booster compressors on a natural gas pipeline system. The use of dry gas shaft seals and active magnetic bearings will effectively eliminate the use of oil systems in gas compression. The paper will deal with the history of TransCanada PipeLines’ past experiences with oil eliminating devices, the theory of dry gas seals and magnetic bearings, the effects on rotor dynamics of magnetic bearings and the recent installation of a set of seals and bearings in a booster compressor unit, in service on the TransCanada PipeLines system.

COMPETING WITH THE AGGREGATORS: SOME ISSUES WITH THE NATIONAL THIRD PARTY ACCESS CODE

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 522
Author(s):  
G. Radford
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Spare Capacity ◽  
Natural Gas Pipeline ◽  
Natural Gas Markets ◽  
Access Code ◽  
Pipeline Systems ◽  
Gas Markets ◽  
Ready Access

Broadly stated, the objective of the National Third Party Access Code for Natural Gas Pipeline Systems is to promote competition in natural gas markets. For the National Access Code to achieve this objective in a meaningful way, it must allow prospective gas suppliers to gain ready access to pipeline systems.This paper considers two particular aspects of the National Access Code which may cause difficulties for new gas suppliers who wish to compete with incumbent gas aggregators. The first issue relates to the ease with which a new gas supplier can identify what spare capacity is available in a pipeline. The second issue is what type of capacity a new gas supplier can hope to obtain.

Planning for Purging and Loading of a Newly Constructed Gas Pipeline System Using a Pipeline Simulator

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mo Mohitpour ◽  
J. Kazakoff ◽  
Andrew Jenkins ◽  
David Montemurro
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Simulation Technique ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Methane Gas ◽  
Natural Gas Pipeline ◽  
Air Interface ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Constant Practice

Purging of a gas pipeline is the process of displacing the air/nitrogen by natural gas in an accepted constant practice in the natural gas pipeline industry. It is done when pipelines are put into service. Gas Pipelines are also purged out of service. In this case they are filled with air or other neutral gases. Traditionally, “purging” a newly constructed pipeline system is carried out by introducing high pressure gas into one end of the pipeline section to force air out of the pipeline through the outlet until 100% gas is detected at the outlet end. While this technique will achieve the purpose of purging air out of the pipeline, it gives little or no consideration to minimizing the emission of methane gas into the atmosphere. With the advances of the pipeline simulation technology, it is possible through simulation to develop a process to minimize the gas to air interface and thereby minimize the emission of methane gas. In addition, simulation can also be used to predict the timing of purging and loading of the pipeline. Therefore, scheduling of manpower and other activities can be more accurately interfaced. In this paper a brief background to purging together with a summary of current industry practices are provided. A simplified purging calculation method is described and a simulation technique using commercially available software is provided for planning purging and loading operations of gas pipeline systems. An Example is provided of a recently constructed pipeline (Mayakan Gas Pipeline System) in Mexico to demonstrate how the planning process was developed and carried out through the use of this simulation technique. Simulation results are compared with field data collected during the actual purging and loading of the Mayakan Pipeline.

scholarly journals Options of Natural Gas Pipeline Reassignment for Hydrogen: Cost Assessment for a Germany Case Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simonas Cerniauskas ◽  
Antonio Jose Chavez Junco ◽  
Thomas Grube ◽  
Martin Robinius ◽  
Detlef Stolten
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Cost Functions ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Natural Gas Pipelines ◽  
Natural Gas Pipeline ◽  
System P ◽  
Availability Constraints ◽  
Hydrogen Supply

The uncertain role of the natural gas infrastructure in the decarbonized energy system and the limitations of hydrogen blending raise the question of whether natural gas pipelines can be economically utilized for the transport of hydrogen. To investigate this question, this study derives cost functions for the selected pipeline reassignment methods. By applying geospatial hydrogen supply chain modeling, the technical and economic potential of natural gas pipeline reassignment during a hydrogen market introduction is assessed.The results of this study show a technically viable potential of more than 80% of the analyzed representative German pipeline network. By comparing the derived pipeline cost functions it could be derived that pipeline reassignment can reduce the hydrogen transmission costs by more than 60%. Finally, a countrywide analysis of pipeline availability constraints for the year 2030 shows a cost reduction of the transmission system by 30% in comparison to a newly built hydrogen pipeline system.

scholarly journals Design and Application of a Natural Gas Pipeline Optimization Program

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill Gilmour
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Total System ◽  
Optimization Program ◽  
Natural Gas Pipeline ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Transmission Pipeline

A software package which optimizes natural gas pipeline operation for minimum fuel consumption is in use on a commercial transmission pipeline. This Optimization Program has resulted in pipeline fuel savings in daily pipeline operation. In addition, the effect of a new compressor/turbine unit on the pipeline system as a whole can be accurately and easily quantified through use of the Optimization Program before the unit is even installed. The results from one turbine replacement study showed the total system fuel consumption and operating hours predicted for each unit were not directly related to a high turbine efficiency. This paper describes the simulation techniques used for the gas turbine and compressor modeling. The methodology behind the system-wide optimization is also provided, along with a detailed discussion of the program application to gas turbine and compressor replacement studies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document