A Comparative Study of U.S.-Japan Seismic Design of Highway Bridges: I. Design Methods

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 913-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. P. Yen ◽  
J. D. Cooper ◽  
S. W. Park ◽  
S. Unjoh ◽  
T. Terayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
The United States ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Shake Table ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Column ◽  
Design Specifications

This paper summarizes the results of a comparative study on seismic design of highway bridges jointly undertaken by the U.S. Federal Highway Administration and Japan's Public Works Research Institute. The seismic design specifications for highway bridges of the two countries are reviewed and compared with respect to their design philosophies and procedures. Some major design parameters including design seismic forces, response modification factors and minimum support lengths are addressed in detail. The differences between the two specifications are illustrated via a design example of a reinforced concrete column for simple, two-span bridges common in both countries. Three different scale models of the column are designed in accordance with the seismic design specifications of the United States and Japan, and tested on a shake table for their comparative seismic performance. The results of the shake table tests are discussed separately in a companion paper.

Seismic Design of Highway Bridges in the United States

1980 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-27
Author(s):  
Roland L. Sharpe ◽  
Ronald L. Mayes ◽  
James D. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
The United States

New Seismic Design Specifications of Highway Bridges in Japan

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Kawashima ◽  
Kinji Hasegawa
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Lateral Force ◽  
Inertia Force ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Design Specifications ◽  
Recent Earthquakes

This paper presents the new seismic design specifications for highway bridges issued by the Ministry of Construction in February 1990. Revisions of the previous specifications were based on the damage characteristics of highway bridges that were developed after the recent earthquakes. The primary revised items include the seismic lateral force, evaluation of inertia force for design of substructures considering structural response, checking the bearing capacity of reinforced concrete piers for lateral load, and dynamic response analysis. Emphasis is placed on the background of the revisions introduced in the new seismic design specifications.

Seismic Isolation Design Code for Highway Bridges

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Kawashima ◽  
Shigeki Unjoh
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Seismic Isolation ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Design Code ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Design Specifications

This paper presents the seismic isolation design code for highway bridges. This is based on the 1996 Design Specifications for Highway Bridges, Part. V: Seismic Design, issued by the Japan Road Association in December 1996. This paper focuses on the outlines of the seismic isolation design code including the seismic design basic principles, design ground motion, and seismic isolation design.

Problems and Suggestions of Chinese Highway Bridge Seismic Design

2013 ◽  
Vol 574 ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
Xiu Yun Gao ◽  
Shao Yi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
Response Spectrum ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Highway Bridge ◽  
Design Codes ◽  
New Codes ◽  
Single Standard ◽  
The Developed Countries

The seismic design of Chinese Highway Bridge changed from single standard of fortification and one-step design performed nearly two decades to two-level fortification and two-stage design with the introduction of the new codes in 2008 and 2011. However, there are some shortcomings of the new codes such as the choice of response spectrum type, the determination of reinforced concrete constitutive relation, the discrimination of site-type and the bearing checking items, which leave a large room for improvement. Combined with the design codes of the developed countries like Japan and the United States, some useful suggestions are put forward in this paper for Chinese existing design codes. It is believed that Chinese seismic levels can be significantly increased so long as highway bridges are designed in accordance with the improved codes.

Seismic design of base-isolated highway bridges utilizing lead–rubber bearings

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ghobarah ◽  
H. M. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
Base Isolation ◽  
Time History ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Response Spectra ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Seismic Behaviour ◽  
Isolation System ◽  
Design Procedures

A study is made of the seismic behaviour of base-isolated highway bridges with the objective of developing design procedures in the form of code-type approach. The recommendations of current codes concerning the use of energy dissipation mechanisms for the seismic design of bridges are reviewed. A model representing the bridge deck, piers, and the base-isolation system is used to evaluate the response of the bridge to a selected earthquake time history record and to evaluate the effects of various design parameters on the dynamic response. The results of this analysis are used in the development of design guidelines for the isolated bridge system. It was found that base isolation affects the design forces on piers and abutments as well as the deck displacements. An optimum design should provide a reasonable balance between the shear forces on supports and tolerable displacements. Two design procedures are proposed based on the time history and inelastic response spectra approaches. Simplified charts are presented which aid in the seismic design of new bridges as well as in the upgrading of existing ones. Key words: dynamic, seismic, design, highway, bridges, earthquake, base isolation.

A Comparative Study of U.S.-Japan Seismic Design of Highway Bridges: II. Shake-Table Model Tests

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 933-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. W. Park ◽  
W. P. Yen ◽  
J. D. Cooper ◽  
S. Unjoh ◽  
T. Terayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Concrete Bridge ◽  
Shake Table ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Bridge ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motions ◽  
Working Stress ◽  
Bridge Column

As part of a comparative study on the United States’ and Japan's seismic design of highway bridges, three scale models of a reinforced-concrete bridge column are tested on a shake table for their seismic performance. Three specimens, one based on the ductility design method (U.S.) and the others on the working stress design method (Japan), are subjected to a set of successive earthquake ground motions with varying intensities. All three specimens showed good performance; however, the specimen of ductility design experienced less damage than those of working stress design. Analysis of test results showed that structural degradation in each column closely correlates with decrease in the transverse stiffness, increase in the hysteretic energy dissipation, and increase in the vibration period, of the column. Two damage indices, based respectively on effective flexibility and weighted cumulative hysteretic energy, are used to indicate the progression of structural degradation in a reinforced-concrete bridge column subjected to successive earthquake ground motions.

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