Correlates of Damage to Residences following the Northridge Earthquake, as Reported in a Population-Based Survey of Los Angeles County Residents

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberley I. Shoaf ◽  
Linda B. Bourque
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Los Angeles County ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Northridge Earthquake ◽  
Engineering Sciences ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dollar Amount ◽  
Population Based Survey

Damage to residential structures as a result of earthquakes can be viewed from the perspective of geologic and engineering sciences and from the perspective of the social sciences. Utilizing data collected from a population-based survey, this paper concludes that the distribution of damage, the types of damage, the dollar amount of damage, whether or not homes were inspected and the results of those inspections following the Northridge earthquake correlate with measures of intensity of the earthquake, as well as with characteristics of the building and with characteristics of the household. Interestingly, pga is generally a better predictor of damage than MMI, newer homes suffered more damage than older ones, and higher income households were more affected than lower income households.

The Use of Crisis Intervention in the Rehabilitation of Laryngectomees

1972 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Sanchez-Salazar ◽  
Anne Stark
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Crisis Intervention ◽  
Los Angeles County ◽  
Speech Pathology ◽  
University Of Southern California ◽  
The Social ◽  
Speech Pathologist ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Preoperative Counseling

Laryngectomee rehabilitation at the Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Medical Center’s Speech Pathology Clinic is based on crisis intervention theory. The speech pathologist and the social worker, working together to totally rehabilitate laryngectomees, identified four potentially crisis-precipitating events. The laryngectomee rehabilitation staff designed and applied interventive and preventive techniques for these situations. They include preoperative counseling of the patient as soon as possible after the need for the laryngectomy is confirmed and related to him, follow-up ward visits with him and his family, team counseling of the patient before his discharge, outpatient clinic visits after discharge, participation in the hospital’s chapter of the Lost Chord Club, and group interaction therapy one hour a week for 10 weeks.

scholarly journals The Generalizability of Survey Experiments

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Mullinix ◽  
Thomas J. Leeper ◽  
James N. Druckman ◽  
Jeremy Freese
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Causal Power ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Social ◽  
Survey Experiments ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Amazon's Mechanical Turk

AbstractSurvey experiments have become a central methodology across the social sciences. Researchers can combine experiments’ causal power with the generalizability of population-based samples. Yet, due to the expense of population-based samples, much research relies on convenience samples (e.g. students, online opt-in samples). The emergence of affordable, but non-representative online samples has reinvigorated debates about the external validity of experiments. We conduct two studies of how experimental treatment effects obtained from convenience samples compare to effects produced by population samples. In Study 1, we compare effect estimates from four different types of convenience samples and a population-based sample. In Study 2, we analyze treatment effects obtained from 20 experiments implemented on a population-based sample and Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk). The results reveal considerable similarity between many treatment effects obtained from convenience and nationally representative population-based samples. While the results thus bolster confidence in the utility of convenience samples, we conclude with guidance for the use of a multitude of samples for advancing scientific knowledge.

Population-Based Survey Experiments

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana C. Mutz
Keyword(s):  
External Validity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Social ◽  
Survey Experiments ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
Invaluable Tool ◽  
Population Based Survey

Population-based survey experiments have become an invaluable tool for social scientists struggling to generalize laboratory-based results, and for survey researchers besieged by uncertainties about causality. Thanks to technological advances in recent years, experiments can now be administered to random samples of the population to which a theory applies. Yet until now, there was no self-contained resource for social scientists seeking a concise and accessible overview of this methodology, its strengths and weaknesses, and the unique challenges it poses for implementation and analysis. Drawing on examples from across the social sciences, this book covers everything you need to know to plan, implement, and analyze the results of population-based survey experiments. But it is more than just a “how to” manual. This book challenges conventional wisdom about internal and external validity, showing why strong causal claims need not come at the expense of external validity, and how it is now possible to execute experiments remotely using large-scale population samples. Designed for social scientists across the disciplines, the book provides the first complete introduction to this methodology and features a wealth of examples and practical advice.

Exploring the Causal Relationship between Exposure to the 1994 Northridge Earthquake and Pre- and Post-Earthquake Preparedness Activities

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loc H. Nguyen ◽  
Haikang Shen ◽  
Daniel Ershoff ◽  
Abdelmonem A. Afifi ◽  
Linda B. Bourque
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Northridge Earthquake ◽  
Earthquake Epicenter ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Earthquake Preparedness ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Population Based Survey ◽  
1994 Northridge Earthquake

Whether, when, and why individuals prepare for disasters are major concerns of disaster preparedness researchers. Using population-based survey data collected after the 1994 Northridge earthquake, multinomial logistic models are imposed to examine if preparedness activities were adopted after the quake because of quake-related financial loss, physical and emotional injury, and proximity to the earthquake epicenter and shaking. The extent to which people invest in sustained preparedness was also examined by comparing the preparedness activities occurring both before and after the earthquake. The results indicated that exposure to physical, financial, and emotional injuries, and to shaking increased post-quake preparedness. Engaging in certain types of pre-quake preparedness increased the likelihood of post-quake preparedness. Post-quake preparedness is not affected by socioeconomic status or demographic factors, except that married persons are more likely to prepare in all situations and immigrants are more likely to adopt post-quake preparedness activities.

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