Earthquake Hazard Mitigation: The Need for Human Resources Development and Research

1990 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-276
Author(s):  
Robert J. Kuntz
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
Seismic Isolation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Earthquake Hazard ◽  
World Market ◽  
Human Resources Development ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The World ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Legal Constraints

Most of California's population and industry are located in zones of high seismicity, and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) estimated that a 7.5 to 8.3 Richter magnitude earthquake in an urban area could cause up to $60 billion in damage (1). Such an earthquake could cripple the state's public and private economies, and, as California's economy is the sixth largest in the world, have a negative effect on the world market. Building practices in California offer only minimal protection from seismic damage, however new technologies, such as seismic isolation, can mitigate damage and are becoming available to government and industry. There is a need for design professionals, building officials, planners, and building owners to become aware of these new technologies, and the legal constraints to their use, and incorporate them into practice, and for engineering and architectural educators to include new seismic design technologies in undergraduate curricula.

scholarly journals Cenário petrolífero: sua evolução, principais produtores e tecnologias

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Marcela Taiane Schiavi ◽  
Wanda Aparecida Machado Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
World Market ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Patent Documents ◽  
Oil Sector ◽  
Origin Of Oil ◽  
Selection Of

O setor Petrolífero é um dos maiores e mais amplos empreendedores do mundo. E vem crescendo a cada ano, com novas tecnologias e novas perspectivas de inovação. Esta pesquisa envolve os seguintes objetivos: apresentar um breve histórico da origem do petróleo e seu desenvolvimento com o passar dos anos; apresentar uma análise do segmento petrolífero, indicando quais são os principais países que detém as maiores reservas e as maiores empresas petrolíferas do mundo; e, uma análise de patentes onde apresenta-se o número anual de documentos de patentes na respectiva área em um determinado período, as áreas de foco tecnológico e as empresas que mais depositam documentos de patentes neste setor no Brasil. O método de pesquisa constituiu na seleção de artigos para que se tornasse possível à contextualização da história do petróleo e também na seleção de dados estatísticos que indicassem sua evolução através de tabelas e gráficos que comprovasse a produção e o desenvolvimento no decorrer dos anos. Uma analise na base de dados da Derwent Innovation Index julgou-se necessária e importante na utilização de documentos de patentes como uma fonte de informação, pois registram os avanços tecnológicos. Com o estabelecimento de uma estratégia de busca no período de 1994-2013 foi possível destacar a Procter & Gamble, empresa americana, como sendo a empresa que mais deposita documentos de patentes dentro desta área no Brasil. Ainda apresenta o cenário petrolífero e os avanços tecnológicos nos últimos anos. Quanto às descobertas de reservas petrolíferas recentes tanto no Brasil quanto em outros países a tendência é de que esta área se fortaleça implementando suas tecnologias e aumentando suas reservas produtivas e se destacando cada vez mais no cenário mundial.AbstractThe Petroleum sector is one of the largest and most comprehensive in the world market. And it is growing every year with new technologies and new innovation perspectives. This research involves the following objectives: to present a brief history of the origin of oil and its development over the years; to present an analysis of the oil sector, indicating the main countries which own the largest reserves and the largest oil companies in the world; and a patent analysis showing the annual number of patent documents in the respective area in a given period, the areas of technological focus and the companies that place more patent documents in this sector in Brazil. The research method consisted in the selection of articles which made it possible to put the history of oil into context and also in the selection of statistical data that would indicate it's evolution through charts and graphs that show the production and development over the years. It was deemed necessary and important to analyze the Derwent Innovation Index database, as it allowed the utilization of patent documents as a source of information, inasmuch as they register technological breakthroughs. With the establishment of a search strategy in the 1994-2013 period it was possible to highlight Procter & Gamble, an American company, as the company that places more patent documents within this area in Brazil. As for the recent discoveries of oil reserves in Brazil and in other countries the trend is that the area be strengthened by implementing their technologies and increasing their productive reserves making them stand out more and more worldwide.KeywordsInnovation. Petroleum scenario. Oil. Patents.

scholarly journals Strategic Prospects for the Development of the Tourist Services Market in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-29
Author(s):  
Khrystyna Pletsan
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
World Market ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Stable Growth ◽  
Strategic Management Process ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The article analyzes the theoretical foundations and features of the strategic development of the tourist services market in Ukraine. The concept of the tourist services market is comprehended and revealed. The methodological approach of strategic development of the tourist services market in Ukraine and the specifics of recovery after the coronavirus pandemic are highlighted. The priority tasks of the tourism industry development in Ukraine are presented and argued. The model of the strategic management process in tourism for a tourist enterprise is generalized. The algorithm of development of the competitiveness extension project of the tourist services market in Ukraine has been elaborated and substantiated. The conclusion is substantiated that in order to ensure a stable growth rate of the tourism industry, it is necessary to identify priority types of tourism for the regions, contribute to improving the safety of tourists, develop tourism infrastructure and transport links, simplify formalities, create and sell tourism products and services that are in demand on the world market, develop and rapidly introduce new technologies using digital tools.

scholarly journals COMPETITIVE FEATURES OF THE FUNCTIONING OF DEFENCE INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES IN THE INTERNATIONAL MARKET

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-440
Author(s):  
V.V. Kanshaev ◽  
D.G. Maksimov ◽  
N.G. Sokolova
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Defense Industry ◽  
World Market ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
The World ◽  
Conducting Research

Competition is one of the driving forces of economic development, an important element of the progressive development of both public and private enterprises. It is believed that competition creates the prerequisites to produce higher-quality products, with less time and resources. Considering the current financial and political climate in the world, the struggle for markets is intensifying. The branch of Russia, which is competitive in the world market, is a military-industrial complex. The goal of the state is to support this industry. One of the priorities is the creation of a transparent system of distribution of defense orders among enterprises that compete in the domestic market. It is necessary to develop a mechanism that would provide access for defense industry enterprises to financial resources, which is one of the key factors necessary for conducting research and development works to create a scientific product that can be used for both military and civilian purposes. Among other things, it is necessary to help defense industry enterprises to find and acquire advanced foreign technologies that are poorly developed in Russia. This article is devoted to a small analysis of the competitiveness of enterprises of the military-industrial complex in the world market of countries producing military products. A brief description of the share of research in the total share of the gross product of countries is given.

scholarly journals COMPONENTS OF FORMATION OF COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES OF UKRAINIAN MINERAL PRODUCTS ON THE WORLD MARKET IN CONSIDERATION OF REGIONAL PROCESSES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Nesterenko
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
World Market ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Product Price ◽  
Demand Structure ◽  
Potential System ◽  
The World ◽  
Regional Processes

The article considers the issue of studying the competitiveness of Ukrainian mineral products and establishing prospects for its increase in the world market in terms of regional processes. Factors influencing the competitiveness of the industry and products were identified internal and external. External ones include: activities of state authorities, economic conditions, development of new technologies, new materials and energy sources, market capacity and demand structure, consumer requirements, etc. The competitive advantages of the industry are resource and technology. To internal - the reputation of the enterprise, its organizational and production activities, staff qualifications, efficiency of resource potential, system of technological equipment, volumes and costs of sales. Among the factors of product competitiveness are the following: usefulness for the consumer (compliance with the requirements for this product by the buyer), product price, novelty (originality and uniqueness of the product), product quality. Based on the analysis of the competitiveness of Ukrainian mineral products on the world market, it was determined that Ukraine has a very large potential in the development of this sector on the world stage, as it is well supplied with many mineral resources. However, they are not always extracted rationally. During 2014-2020, the share of mineral products in total exports of Ukrainian goods decreased, which was due to reduced production during this period, state protectionism in traditional for Ukrainian products importing countries, lower prices for goods, including energy, closing Russian market for Ukrainian products. At the same time, during the analyzed period, the volume of exports of Ukrainian mineral products increased. Demand for mineral products in the raw materials market is increasing, especially for scarce products, but imports significantly outweigh exports, due to lack of state support for the development of Ukraine's mineral resources, significant depreciation of technologies and lack of development of new deposits and efficient use of existing ones.

Finland’s and Israel’s Experience of Innovative Development

2012 ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
N. Gavrilova
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
World Market ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The World

The production and promotion of high-tech products and new technologies to the global market is an essential condition for the competitiveness of the country. Some states that do not have abundant natural resources have made a stake on the development of advanced technologies. This secured them a place among the world leaders in terms of economic growth and population’s living standards. In-depth analysis of world practices of facilitating innovation is a pre-requisite for formulating the recommendations on the conditions for innovative development and competitiveness of Russia. From this point of view, the experience of Finland and Israel, which have managed to solve the respective problems is very interesting. Besides Finland and Israel, a similar model of innovation development is used in Sweden, Norway, Iceland and several other countries. The advantage of this model is that it creates an opportunity for national leadership at the world market of innovation. The national companies engaged in the development of new technologies create markets for themselves. Namely, they generate new needs and satisfy them, thus, they do not have to follow the market.

Steel industry of China in 2020 and the world crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-261
Author(s):  
N. G. Zinov’eva
Keyword(s):  
Iron Ore ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
World Market ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Domestic Consumption ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
World Crisis ◽  
The World ◽  
Market State ◽  
Negative Effect

The crisis of the world economic system, erupted in the end of 2019 against the background of COVID-19 expansion resulted in considerable drop of the world steel products production practically in all the countries of the world. Decrease of steel production began in the IIH of 2019, mainly in July-August of 2019 and further in March-April of 2020. In the IQ of 2020, the world steel production declined by 1.4% down to 443 million tons comparing with the analogue period of 2019. At that China demonstrated growth by 1.2%, while in the EC counties the decrease accounted for 10%, in North America counties – by 4%, in South America countries – 7.1%, other countries of Asia, Africa and CIS also demonstrated the decrease. The dynamics of prices variation on some steel products, iron ore presented, which give the idea of the market state and tendencies of its variation in 2019–2020. In China in April of 2020 after cancellation of quarantine measures, a restoration of the industry began, the economy of China transferred from decline to growth and an active growth of domestic consumption of steel products got a significant effect not only on the volume of its production, but also made corrections in China’s behavior at the world market. As a result of year 2020, steel production in China exceeded one billion tons – 1054.4 million tons, which is 5.2% more comparing with 2019. Production of finished products increased also, import of iron ore into China in 2020 accounted for 1172 billion tons, which is 9.5% more comparing with 2019. As a result of 2020, the steel companies of China exported 53.7 million tons of steel, which is 16.5% lower than the 2019 index. Further the Chinese export will be contributed by an increase of demand at the world market and cancellation of restriction measures, imposed by some countries. While at all the regions of the world the crisis resulted in termination of some projects or their delays, in China against the background of the pandemic, several companies did nor cancel their investment plans as well as construction and commissioning of new plants was going on. Under conditions of the crisis the support of the state was very important, since the demand declined in all the industries, therefore many countries took urgent measures for stabilization of economies and support of population. Within the period of the pandemic, the China government bodies elaborated some measures to overcome its negative effect on the economy. In particular, the measures include allocation of money to stimulate the domestic consumption of steel products. In total in 2020 it was planned to invest about 800 billion of yuan (about USD 115 billion) in capital assets. According to forecasts, in 2021 comparing with 2020, the production and apparent consumption of steel in China will increase approximately by 2%, actual demand will increase by higher rate. The steel products with high added value will be in higher demand, including flat rolled products, rolled products of special steels, seamless pipes etc.

scholarly journals Dominants and Features of Growth of the World Market of Robotics

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-141
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Makedon ◽  
Olha Mykhailenko ◽  
Radostin Vazov
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Corporate Strategy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
World Market ◽  
Service Robots ◽  
Future Research ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Robotics ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
The World

Purpose: Explore the current state, trends and development prospects of the global robotics market, especially the industrial robotics segment, as well as the service robots segment. Design/Method/Approach: Logical, statistical, and graphical methods were used; systemic, structural-functional, and comparative types of analysis. The specificity of the interdisciplinary research is expressed in the use of the methodology for graphical presentation of the life cycle of technologies and goods. Findings: The format for the use of “end-to-end” digital technologies, which include robotics, artificial intelligence and others, was determined, which leads to extreme changes in production and consumption and, in fact, marks the onset of a new technological order. It can be stated that a new cluster of innovations has been formed in the information technology industry, going beyond its limits, explosively transforming the sectors of the economy, the activities of the state and business, society and the world as a whole. The world markets for new technologies and goods are being formed, the composition and distribution of the roles of the participants in the global innovation system are changing. Modern concepts of innovative development of the world economy were studied, and a comparative analysis of methods for studying the markets of high-tech goods in various schools of economics was carried out. The authors outlined the features of the formation of the world robotics industry as a large technological system and assessed the place of the world market of robots in the world economy. The study contains the results of the work carried out to study the conditions and factors of the development of the global robotics market, as well as an overview of its geographical and corporate structure. In the scientific work, a study of the features of pricing in the robotics market and the specifics of creating and financing robotic projects was carried out. Theoretical Implications: A comprehensive assessment of the global robotics market was carried out and the leading vectors of its transformations and growth prospects were identified. Practical Implications: The obtained results of the study can be used as the basis for the formation of a corporate strategy for the development of individual companies and enterprises of industrial sectors of the world economy in order to accelerate innovative, technical and economic development in a durable format. Originality/Value: The features and components of the development of the world industrial robotics market have been investigated. The encouraging directions of robotization of the world economy are determined. Prospects for further research. The obtained results can be used in the context of the promising development of a national doctrine or policy of robotization and the development of digital robotic systems of industry in the countries of the world. Future Research: The obtained results can be used in the context of prospective development of national doctrine or policy of work and development of digitalized industrial systems of the world's countries.   Paper type: Theoretical

scholarly journals ELEMENTS OF THE RUSSIAN INNOVATIVE INFRASTRUCTURE: INTERACTION AND EFFICIENCY

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A KURILOVA ◽  
◽  
L.V SHUKLOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Market ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Innovative Economy ◽  
Economic Balance ◽  
Almost All

Data on socio-economic development show that Russia is one of the largest countries in the world by almost all indicators. For example, in terms of area Russia is in first place in the world, in terms of population in ninth place, and in terms of exports in fifteenth place. Nevertheless, the dynamics of the development of Russia shows an insufficient level of the scientific and production base and the export orientation of the Russian economy. The problems of the unbalanced economy of Russia, with significant positive achievements, clearly manifested itself during the periods of the global crisis of 2008-2009, when the fall in energy prices, along with the increase in the cost of financial resources in the world market, had a significant negative effect on the Russian economy. The second example of problems in the Russian economy was the Crimean crisis of 2014, when the imposition of sanctions and the fall in energy prices caused the collapse of the Russian financial market and significant problems in the economy. Periodically recurring crises make it urgent to reduce the dependence of the Russian economy on the conjuncture of world markets. This is possible through the development of the domestic market and an increase in the share of the innovative economy in the economic balance of Russia. It should be noted that the Russian government has paid and continues to pay attention to the successful innovative development of Russia. An example is the "Strategy for the innovative development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020" approved by the Russian government in 2011. Nevertheless, the 2014 crisis showed the insufficient development of innovation processes in Russia. Therefore, it is relevant to assess the Russian innovation infrastructure in order to identify its strengths and weaknesses.

scholarly journals As indústrias têxtil e do vestuário na Comunidade Económica Europeia. Os novos factores de competitividade

Finisterra ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (59/60) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iva Pires
Keyword(s):  
Product Differentiation ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
World Market ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
The World ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Cost

THE EEC TEXTILE AND CLOTHING INDUSTRIES, THE NEW COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES - In spite of using new technologies, the textile and clothing industries remain intensive in workforce and thus sensitive to wage costs. The European firms must therefore find other competitive advantages based on product differentiation, quality and design. German and Italian T&C industries are good examples of how quality and design can help "mature" industries maintain a successful place in the world market. Nevertheless, the cost of production remains a problem. The use of the outwear processing traffic (OPT) allows the European textile industry to mantain the quality patterns of its products, profiting from cheap workforce. This more advantageous situation is due both to innovation and to low production costs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document