Identification of Site Frequencies from Building Records

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Çelebi
Keyword(s):  
Additional Data ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Site Characterization ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Earthquake Response ◽  
Geological Structures ◽  
Spectral Analyses ◽  
Earthquake Records ◽  
Close Proximity

A simple procedure to identify site frequencies using earthquake response records from roofs and basements of buildings is presented. For this purpose, data from five different buildings are analyzed using only spectral analyses techniques. Additional data such as free-field records in close proximity to the buildings and site characterization data are also used to estimate site frequencies and thereby to provide convincing evidence and confirmation of the site frequencies inferred from the building records. Furthermore, simple code-formula is used to calculate site frequencies and compare them with the identified site frequencies from records. Results show that the simple procedure is effective in identification of site frequencies and provides relatively reliable estimates of site frequencies when compared with other methods. Therefore the simple procedure for estimating site frequencies using earthquake records can be useful in adding to the database of site frequencies. Such databases can be used to better estimate site frequencies of those sites with similar geological structures.

scholarly journals Preliminary site classification of free-field strong motion stations based on Wenchuan earthquake records

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruizhi Wen ◽  
Yefei Ren ◽  
Zhenghua Zhou ◽  
Dacheng Shi
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Site Classification ◽  
Earthquake Records

Evaluation of Recorded Earthquake Response of a Curved Highway Bridge

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reginald Desroches ◽  
Gregory L. Fenves
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Earthquake Response ◽  
Highway Bridge ◽  
Vibration Period ◽  
Support Points ◽  
Moderate Effect ◽  
Input Motion

The Landers and Big Bear earthquakes on June 18, 1992, triggered a strong motion instrumentation network on a curved highway bridge. System identification of the processed acceleration records show the vibration period of the fundamental mode lengthened from 1.56 sec to 1.75 sec between the two earthquakes. A three-dimensional, calibrated model of the bridge is used to investigate the effect of modeling assumptions on the earthquake response of the structure. Linear models, commonly used in design, adequately bound the earthquake response of the bridge. However, the linear models do not provide an upper bound on the forces in all the columns. Longitudinal hinge restrainers have minimal effect on the earthquake response. The non-uniform input motion recorded at four support points has a moderate effect on the response when compared with the assumption of uniform free-field motion.

SIMPLIFIED MAGNETIC INTERPRETATION OF THE GEOLOGIC CONTACT AND THIN DIKE

Geophysics ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1236-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Theoretical Data ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Short Length ◽  
Magnetic Interpretation ◽  
Worked Example ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Close Proximity

A simple procedure has been applied to the interpretation of magnetic profiles measured perpendicular to the strike of contact or dike‐like structures. The method is very easy and rapid to apply, and is applicable to airborne or ground level data. It does not necessarily require computing facilities but may be automated if desired. As the interpretation requires only a relatively short length of traverse (usually less than 3 depth units) in close proximity to the structure, the procedure results in a high immunity to neighboring disturbances. A worked example using theoretical data shows its effectiveness.

scholarly journals Parameter Conversion between Controlled Pass-By Method and Alternative Close Proximity Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 5679
Author(s):  
Hongjie Ji ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Byoung Sam Kim
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Radiation ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Shielding Effect ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Car Body ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Parameter Conversion ◽  
Propagation Experiment ◽  
Measurement Period

To shorten the measurement period and reduce experiment costs, we investigated the parameter conversion between the experiment results of the controlled pass-by (CPB) method and alternative close proximity (A-CPX) method for automotive applications. The CPB and A-CPX methods were used to experiment with tire noise. The correlation between the tire noises of the two experimental methods was analyzed. Then, the quantitative transformation relationship between the tire noises of the two methods was obtained using an acoustic radiation propagation experiment in the semi-free field. The results indicate a good linear correlation between the experimental results of the two experimental methods. In the case of ignoring the shielding effect of the car body, the average difference between the measured value of the CPB method and the predicted value of the experimental tire is about 1.1 dB. When considering the shielding effect of the car body, the average difference between the measured value of the CPB method and the predicted value of the experimental tire is about 2.7 dB.

scholarly journals Sunspot penumbral filaments intruding into a light bridge and the resultant reconnection jets

2020 ◽  
Vol 642 ◽  
pp. A44
Author(s):  
Y. J. Hou ◽  
T. Li ◽  
S. H. Zhong ◽  
S. H. Yang ◽  
Y. L. Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Magnetic Reconnection ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Solar Dynamics Observatory ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
West Part ◽  
Nonlinear Force ◽  
Penumbral Filament ◽  
Solar Dynamics

Context. Penumbral filaments and light bridges are prominent structures inside sunspots and are important for understanding the nature of sunspot magnetic fields and magneto-convection underneath. Aims. We investigate an interesting event where several penumbral filaments intrude into a sunspot light bridge. In doing so we aim to gain further insight into the magnetic fields of the sunspot penumbral filament and light bridge, as well as their interaction. Methods. Combining data from the New Vacuum Solar Telescope, Solar Dynamics Observatory, and Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, we study the emission, kinematic, and magnetic topology characteristics of the penumbral filaments intruding into the light bridge and the resultant jets. Results. At the west part of the light bridge, the intruding penumbral filaments penetrate into the umbrae on both sides of the light bridge, and two groups of jets are also detected. The jets share the same projected morphology with the intruding filaments and are accompanied by intermittent footpoint brightenings. Simultaneous spectral imaging observations provide convincing evidence for the presences of magnetic-reconnection-related heating and bidirectional flows near the jet bases and contribute to measuring the vector velocities of the jets. Additionally, nonlinear force-free field extrapolation results reveal strong and highly inclined magnetic fields along the intruding penumbral filaments, highly consistent with the results deduced from the vector velocities of the jets. Therefore, we propose that the jets could be caused by magnetic reconnections between emerging fields within the light bridge and the nearly horizontal fields of intruding filaments. The jets are then ejected outward along the stronger filament fields. Conclusions. Our study indicates that magnetic reconnection could occur between the penumbral filament fields and emerging fields within the light bridge and produce jets along the stronger filament fields. These results further complement the study of magnetic reconnection and dynamic activities within the sunspot.

scholarly journals Ross River virus - at the interface between humans, animals and the environment

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Abbey Potter ◽  
Michael D A Lindsay ◽  
John S MacKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Ross River Virus ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
South West ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Vector Mosquito ◽  
Human Habitation ◽  
Vertebrate Hosts

Ross River virus (RRV) is the most common cause of mosquito-borne illness in Western Australians. The virus is maintained in nature principally via transmission between competent mosquito vectors and native (marsupial) vertebrate hosts, although humans are suspected of being amplifiers of RRV in some situations. The influence of prevailing environmental conditions on the ecology of RRV has been extensively documented. Indeed, monitoring of environmental variables, together with vector mosquito populations and infection rates with RRV, now provides effective early warning of elevated levels of RRV activity in several different regions of Australia. Serosurveys provide convincing evidence that western grey kangaroos (WGK; Macropus fuliginosus) are commonly infected with the virus in south-west coastal regions of Western Australia. There is also evidence of seroconversions in WGKs coinciding with outbreaks of human disease. Such outbreaks have been preceded by favourable environmental conditions for breeding of WGKs, presumably leading to an increase in numbers of non-immune individuals in the environment. More recently, GIS analyses of clusters of human cases of RRV has shown a relationship between proximity of residence to mosquito and WGK habitat and risk of RRV disease. These findings indicate that monitoring of seroprevalence to RRV in vertebrate hosts of RRV, such as the WGK, may assist in predicting outbreaks of RRV disease and for determining whether strategies to manage natural host populations in close proximity to human habitation may be worth further consideration.

scholarly journals The Application of Boundary Element Method to 3-D Solar Linear Force-Free Magnetic Fields

1993 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 127-129
Author(s):  
Yihua Yan ◽  
Qing Yu ◽  
Feng Kang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Boundary Element Method ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Boundary Element ◽  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Solar Magnetic Field ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Linear Force ◽  
Force Free Field

AbstractIn this paper a 3-d formulation is applied to extrapolate the solar magnetic field from the measured magnetogram directly, and no additional data treatment is needed. The validity of the proposed formulation is demonstrated by comparison between calculated and analytical or observed results of some magnetic force-free field problems.

Finite Element Modeling and Analysis of Ventricular Septal Defect Occluders

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiming Li ◽  
Kun Sun ◽  
Chengli Song
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Septal Defect ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Complete Atrioventricular Block ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Occluder Device ◽  
Substantial Risk ◽  
Complete Atrioventricular

Transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defect (VSD) has become an alternative therapy to open-chest surgery because of simple procedure, less invasion, and high safety [1–2]. The most important occluder device of the therapy is double-disc structure which occludes the VSD, with the discs of the occluder clamp the margin of VSD while the waist of the occluder supports the VSD hole (Figure 1(a)). Commercially available occluders are woven by 72 nitinol wires (Figure1(b)) and then formed by heat treatment. However, the implantation of metal occluders in perimembranous part will result in a substantial risk of complete atrioventricular block (cAVB) averaging 3.5%, because of its close proximity to the conduction system, which passes at the posterior border of defects [3]. To improve the biocompatibility, Huang [4] developed biodegradable VSD occluders (Figure 1(c)) which woven by polydioxanone (PDO) wires and can be fully absorbed within 24 weeks after implantation.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

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