Comparison of Loss Estimation for Various Seismic Source Models: The Case of the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu Earthquake

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-85
Author(s):  
Ken Hatayama ◽  
Shinsaku Zama
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Strong Ground Motion ◽  
Seismic Source ◽  
Loss Estimation ◽  
Kobe Earthquake ◽  
Finite Fault ◽  
Seismic Source Models ◽  
Future Earthquake ◽  
Source Models ◽  
Strong Ground

We compare the distribution of damage to housing caused by the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu (Kobe) earthquake with those estimated for several source models proposed for this earthquake. This comparison aims at identifying source models that can provide loss estimates that are most appropriate for planning emergency response activities just after earthquakes and/or for preparing effective countermeasures for mitigation of future earthquake disasters. The results suggest the necessity of finite-fault slip models that can reproduce or predict accurately strong ground motion within a frequency range closely related to damage. The loss estimation just after earthquakes based on source models can be counted on in areas without dense strong-ground-motion observation networks. Even with the dense networks, source models will also be useful for accurate loss estimation in the immediate vicinity of earthquake source faults.

scholarly journals Seismic Hazard Assessment for a Wind Farm Offshore England

Geotechnics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-31
Author(s):  
Brian Carlton ◽  
Andy Barwise ◽  
Amir M. Kaynia
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Seismic Source ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Source Characterization ◽  
North East ◽  
Seismic Source Models ◽  
Source Models

Offshore wind has become a major contributor to reducing global carbon emissions. This paper presents a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for the Sofia Offshore Wind Farm, which is located about 200 km north-east of England in the southern North Sea and will be one of the largest offshore wind farms in the world once completed. The seismic source characterization is composed of two areal seismic source models and four seismic source models derived using smoothed gridded seismicity with earthquake catalogue data processed by different techniques. The ground motion characterization contains eight ground motion models selected based on comparisons with regional data. The main findings are (1) the variation in seismic hazard across the site is negligible; (2) the main source controlling the hazard is the source that includes the 1931 Dogger Bank earthquake; (3) earthquake scenarios controlling the hazard are Mw = 5.0–6.3 and R = 110–210 km; and (4) the peak ground accelerations on rock are lower than for previous regional studies. These results could help guide future seismic hazard assessments in the North Sea.

A fault model with variable slip duration for the 1989 Loma Prieta, California, earthquake determined from strong-ground-motion data

1996 ◽  
Vol 86 (1A) ◽  
pp. 122-132
Author(s):  
Stephen Horton
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Strong Ground Motion ◽  
Propagation Rate ◽  
Fault Model ◽  
Fault Surface ◽  
Loma Prieta Earthquake ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Finite Fault ◽  
Loma Prieta ◽  
Strong Ground

Abstract A finite-fault model with variable slip duration is inferred from strong-ground-motion data for the Loma Prieta earthquake. Unlike previous models, slip duration is found to be consistent with fault width scaling. Slip duration varies between 1 and 6 sec at points along the fault surface with values between 3 and 6 sec, where slip amplitudes obtain or exceed the average slip of 98 cm. Modest high-frequency modifications of the slip function shape greatly enhance the data fit without significantly changing the inferred static offset or rupture characteristics. This model exhibits bilateral rupture with the propagation rate of the main energy release of 3 km/sec or less. The moment is 2.3 × 1026 dyne-cm, and the largest slip amplitudes occur northwest of the hypocenter. The rake varies with position along the fault from dominantly strike slip in the southeast to dominantly reverse slip in the northwest.

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